COM101 Final Study Guide

Listeners perceptions of a speaker shape how they respond to the message

True

Listeners' perceptions of a speaker shape how they respond to a message.

True

Meanings are the heart of communication.

True

Media portrayals cultivate unrealistic views of relationships.

True

Mind mapping is a holistic record of information on a topic.

True

Mindfulness is important to informational, critical, and relational listening.

True

Ninety percent of a speech happen before it is delivered

True

Nonverbal communication is more continuous than verbal communication.

True

The HIV/AIDS crisis is an example of a cultural calamity.

True

The motivated sequence pattern intensifies listeners desires for a solution by helping them visualize what it would mean and gains their active commitment to being a part of the solution

True

The older we get, the more complex is our perspective on life and people.

True

The self has multiple dimensions.

True

The word plagiarize means "to kidnap"

True

The word plagiarize means "to kidnap."

True

Today, nearly 60% of couples live together before marrying.

True

Transitions are vital to effective public speaking.

True

Transitions are vital to public speaking

True

We follow communication rules even when we are not consciously aware of them.

True

We use artifacts and dress to express our personal identities.

True

When people begin to see themselves as friends, social norms and roles become less important.

True

Which of the following is NOT a guideline for effective informative speaking?

Using a single communication channel

The terms "date rape" and "sexual harassment" are examples of

how communication influences cultural change

Rules for how we are supposed to live and who we are supposed to be are known as

identity scripts.

On what type of communication did the ancient Greek, Aristotle, primarily focus?

public communication

The attempt to increase personal status in a group by winning the approval of high-status members is known as

social climbing

Groups of people who live within a dominant culture, yet are members of another group or groups that are not dominant in a particular society, are known as which of the following?

social communities

If you watch an action movie because you are bored and want some excitement, which of the following theories applies?

uses and gratifications theory

Which of the following statements BEST describes a speaker's attempt to connect with the listeners' values and experiences?

"We share a concern about our neighborhood.

The statement "the death penalty doesn't deter crime" is an example of

A claim

Maria tried to learn to swim at a young age but gave up before succeeding. She carried the belief that she could not learn to swim into adulthood and labeled herself a nonswimmer. This is an example of

A self-fulfilling prophecy

"Knowing how to create a Zombie Apocalypse Preparedness Kit could save your life one day" is an example of what?

A thesis

Using photographs as a visual aid is a good way to show

A verbal message

This type of outline is basically a map of the speech and can be called a "sketch" of the speech

A working outline

Which of the following is one of the guidelines for improving communication between cultures and social communities?

Accept cultural differences even if you do not approve of them or understand them.

The first step to accepting yourself as being "in process" is

Accepting yourself as you are now

The statement "you can't possibly trust what margaret said about college life because she has never gone to college" is an example of

Ad hominem

Which of these is a common reason communication researchers have found that people give for not practicing safer sex?

Alcohol impairs their thinking

Which of the following is not a guideline for effective persuasive speeches?

All of these answers are guidelines for effective persuasive speeches (create common ground with the listeners, adapt to the listeners, organize informative information first, avoid fallacious reasoning)

Effective public speaking is really enlarged conversation, because

All of these apply (it occurs naturally in everyday life, the skills required are not so different from those we use in everyday conversations, it can involve speaking for as little as 2 minutes, it can occur before fewer than 20 people.)

Poor communication in the workplace means

All of these are correct.

Which is the most abstract term in the following words?

Animal

Chris just moved into a new apartment and spent the first day hanging pictures, putting out souvenirs of important times, and putting favorite objects on the bookshelves. Chris has relied on what form of nonverbal communication to personalize the new apartment?

Artifacts

Emotional proofs address the more objective reasons for our beliefs in people, ideas, causes, and courses of action

False

Groups can be any size for successful communication to take place.

False

In highly masculine cultures, women cannot be competitive and assertive.

False

In relationships, we do not need privacy and thus should be open for our partners.

False

Interpretation is an objective process of explaining perceptions to assign meaning to them.

False

It is not necessary to cute the qualifications of the person you are quoting when you're using the quote as expert testimony

False

Literal listening is an effective form of listening because it focuses primarily on the content of the message.

False

Most communication apprehension is caused by lack of skills training.

False

Passion must exist between two people for them to remain committed to a relationship.

False

People with dismissive attachment styles have a negative view of themselves and a high regard for others and relationships.

False

Persuasion happens quickly

False

Procedural communication focuses on creating and sustaining an open, engaged atmosphere for discussion.

False

Stereotypes are generalizations about groups that are always inaccurate.

False

For people to be considered a "group," the members must see themselves experiencing which of the following?

Interdependence

Which of these types of communication is defined as "communication between people?"

Interpersonal communication

Lara smiles and makes a funny face at her baby niece. Lara is engaging in ____ to communicate with the baby.

Kinesics

Marcia called the man who cut in front of her in line an old geezer. "Old geezer" is a term which would be considered

Loaded language

The process by which mass communication stabilizes and homogenizes social perspectives is known as

Mainstreaming

Which method of dealing with relational dialectics is the most complex?

Reframing

"Today I will explain to you how humans have evolved from apes to Neanderthals to the human form we have today." This thesis sentence suggests which organizational pattern?

Temporal

As soon as we are born, we begin interacting with others and developing our sense of self.

True

Assimilation happens when people abandon their own cultural norms and practices in order to adopt those of another culture.

True

Both rerouting and diversionary interrupting are the antithesis of good listening.

True

Both verbal and nonverbal communication are symbolic, guided by constitutive and regulative rules, and culture bound.

True

Compared to face-to-face relationships, online relationships tend to form more rapidly.

True

Cultures are systems and thus aspects of a culture are interrelated and work together to create a whole.

True

Diffusion involves borrowing from other cultures.

True

Direct definition usually occurs first in families.

True

Direct eye contact has different meanings in different cultures.

True

Effective transitions are like signposts telling listeners where you have been and where you are heading

True

Empathy is the ability to feel with another person.

True

Engaging in the dual perspective is the single most important guideline for effective verbal communication.

True

Ethical supporting material in an informative speech presents accurate information fairly and without distortion

True

Feedback in the communication process can be either intentional or unintentional.

True

For a group to exist, there must be interaction and interdependence among individuals, a common goal, and shared rules of conduct.

True

If you don't have a real example, it is fine to make one up as long as you tell your audience it is a hypothetical example.

True

In visual slides you should use one design consistently

True

Informative speeches should call for participation from the audience.

True

Inoculation involves "immunization" of listeners to opposing ideas and arguments that they may later encounter

True

Chronic apprehension is helpful; situational apprehension is not

False

Common ground is not relevant in persuasive speeches, only informative speeches

False

Effective organizations begins with a good topic

False

The following statement is an example of which fallacy? "We must stop! Every other civilized has stopped! We are the only one left who is still doing this"

Bandwagon appeal

Raul came to the United States from Mexico three months ago, and he is still having trouble understanding Americans' tendency to rush all the time. He is also surprised when his teachers are irritated if he joins class several minutes after class has started. Raul's confusion about Americans' pace of life is based on which aspect of nonverbal behavior?

Chronemics

In response to a suggestion made by Juan, Melanie says, "I agree with Juan's suggestion about how we should proceed. Thanks for keeping us on track, Juan." Melanie made which type of contribution?

Climate

Cohesion and participation are related to each other in which of the following ways?

Cohesion is promoted by high participation and participation is promoted by cohesion.

Dejon is very connected to his family and values harmony and group interdependence. Dejon comes from a culture that would be considered?

Collectivistic

All of the following are true of communication except

Communication anxiety is only imagined and not real

What does it mean to say that communication is a process?

Communication is ongoing, always in motion, and it's hard to tell when it starts and stops.

Pavi says, "I know the recent crime on campus scared many of us, and we all want our campus to be a fun, safe place to be." Pavi's statement is an example of what important part of informative speaking?

Connect with listeners' values and experiences.

A pie chart is a good way to show

Contrasts and proportions

All of the following are examples of influential particular others EXCEPT

Cyber bullies

Were my audience members alive when the spaceship challenger exploded? Is an example of a question that falls into what category of audience analysis?

Demographic audience analysis

Many Westerners have borrowed ingredients and styles of cooking from other cultures. This kind of borrowing is known as

Diffusion

Which of the following is a regulative communication rule?

Do not argue at the dinner table.

Which of the following is the single most important guideline for effective verbal communication?

Engage in the dual perspective.

James Winans, a professor of communication, described public speaking as

Enlarged conversation

A noisy room is an example of what obstacle to listening?

Environmental distraction

The use of one's own culture and its practices as the standard for interpreting the values, beliefs, and norms of another culture is known as

Ethnocentrism

A speaker can learn the age of her audience members by doing a situational audience analysis.

False

According to cultivation theory, the more television you watch, the more accurate your views of the world are likely to be.

False

Advertisers and political groups cannot influence which messages get through the gatekeepers.

False

Although considered a form of nonverbal communication, silence generally carries little meaning in Western culture.

False

As a rule, men assume more psychological responsibility for relationships than women.

False

The media is not a primary agent in teaching social perspectives.

False

To become the most effective speaker, you should try to eliminate all communication apprehension.

False

To hold listener interest during an informative speech, it is not a good idea to repeat material during the speech.

False

Touching and being touched is not essential to a healthy life.

False

Use of minimal encouragers is an active listening technique intended to clarify another's meaning or needs.

False

We can freeze communication at any one moment.

False

Western culture recognizes multiple sexes/genders, while many countries, such as New Zealand and Nepal, recognize only two.

False

When we totalize others, we are recognizing all aspects of who they are.

False

An introduction __________.

Gets listeners attention, previews the content of the speech, and presents the thesis statement

What kind of fallacy includes a broad claim based on too limited evidence?

Hasty generalization

Aaron is being introduced to his new workplace and coworkers. His boss tells him the names of people and departments, but she says very little about each person's rank or the relationship between departments. She also does not speak much about the culture of the workplace. However, at the end of the introduction she says, "Hopefully now you have a better understanding of who we are, what we stand for, and how things work here." Aaron's boss's communication style seems to be best described as what?

High context

Since Sam was a baby, her parents have always told her, "Treat others how you want to be treated." This is an example of a(n)

Identity script

Which of the following is not a form of evidence

Indexes

Why are 92% of millennial men with children still doing less than half of parenting?

Institutional rules and structures do not accommodate today's families

Elliot is having trouble listening effectively in his political science class. The professor has been presenting information quickly while simultaneously flipping through an abundance of PowerPoint slides containing complex statistical data. Elliot doesn't know where to focus his energies. This is an example of

Message overload

As part of her planning for her speech, Julia narrowed her topic by associating individual ideas in relation to broader ideas. This concept is known as

Mind mapping

Erin tries to concentrate during a class lecture, but she can't get her mind off a personal problem. Erin's preoccupation with her personal problem is an example of

Noise

Which of the following is an accurate statement about nonverbal communication?

Nonverbal communication is perceived as more honest than verbal communication.

When a speaker attempts to change listeners attitudes, beliefs, or behaviors or attempts to motivate them to make some action, the purpose of this speech is to

Persuade

If David were giving a speech about winter weather preparedness and wanted to find out about the audience's thoughts, feelings, or experiences they've had with the weather, what way of involving listeners might he use?

Polling listeners

As soon as the news program begins an interview with the President of the United States, Dolores quits paying attention and she mumbled to herself, "I already know everything he has to say and I don't want to hear it again." Dolores's ability to listen is being hindered by

Prejudgment

Shelli and Lisa are talking about their favorite teachers. They each have qualities and characteristics that they feel make the ideal teacher. What are Shelli and Lisa talking about?

Prototypes

Assuming an attentive posture, holding eye contact, and nodding to show you understand what another person is saying are nonverbal behaviors that convey which dimension of relational level meanings?

Responsiveness

One of the first models of communication (Laswell) described communication as linear. Which of these five questions did NOT help to describe how communication worked in this early model?

Says who?

Which of these is a guideline for choosing a topic?

Select a topic appropriate for your audience

Elijah goes into the library to find his friend Aimee who went there to study. He walks through the library until he sees her and then sits down beside her. Later Elijah's friend Marvin comes over and says, "Hey, man, why did you ignore me when you walked right past me a minute ago?" Elijah shakes his head, not knowing why he didn't see Marvin. Elijah's failure to see Marvin when he was focusing on finding Aimee is an example of

Selective perception

What escalates intimacy?

Self-disclosure

Silence can communicate a lot of meanings. Which of the following does not describe what silence could potentially communicate?

Silence can communicate personal qualifications.

Which of the following is a constitutive communication rule?

Smiling shows respect and friendliness.

Which term is used to describe members of a group who exert less effort than they would if they had worked alone?

Social loafing

Social media alter conceptions of

Space

A behavioral objective that specifies what response a speaker wants from an audience is called a

Specific purpose

Ashley grew up in a poor neighborhood with parents who struggled to pay their bills. She was even homeless for several months as a child after her family was evicted from their apartment. As an adult, Ashley makes enough money to live comfortably, but she has a fuller understanding of socioeconomic class due to her experiences as a child. Ashley's perspective on class is an example of

Standpoint.

Jill is having difficulty finding credible sources on her topic of misperceptions of university faculty. Since very little published research exists on this topic, Jill decides to poll her student colleagues and some faculty members on their attitudes, opinions, and preferences about faculty. Jill's efforts to conduct research are an example of which of the following sources of information?

Survey research

Evidence is more effective when

The number of statistics used is limited

Evidence is when more effective

The number of statistics used is limited

All relationships have rules that guide how partners communicate. Rules are important for which of the following reasons?

They both guide how partners interpret each other's communication as well as define what is expected

Invention, as one source of cultural change, is the creation of

Tools, ideas, and practices

"My talk will inform you about what Sheldrick Wildlife Trust is, the work they do, and how you can donate." This thesis statement suggests which organizational pattern?

Topical

"Power over" can be a negative or a positive influence.

True

A thesis statement is the main idea of an entire speech

True

Adults with an anxious/ambivalent attachment styles are often inconsistent in giving/accepting affection and closeness.

True

Our choices of social media shape our perceptions of events, issues, and people.

True

Patterns of communication reflect cultural values and perspectives

True

People with high status and/or power tend to touch others and invade others' space more than do people with less power and/or status.

True

Photographs can be messages in their own right

True

Photographs can be messages in their own right.

True

Positioning people as intelligent or not intelligent is an example of a personal construct.

True

Resonance is the extent to which the media's representations are congruent with personal experience.

True

Social interactions tend to adhere to rules that are widely shared in a specific society.

True

Symbols are the basis of language.

True

Which theory assumes that people are active agents who deliberately choose media to gratify themselves?

Which theory assumes that people are active agents who deliberately choose media to gratify themselves?

Which of the following is not true about practicing your speech?

You should practice until you have the speech memorized

Which theory assumes the media spotlight some issues, events, and people while downplaying others?

agenda-setting theory

Edmund is very attentive and supportive to his son Mylan when he is sober, but when Edmund drinks, he often ignores his son and sometimes verbally abuses him. Mylan never knows which way his father will act. If Edmund is Mylan's primary caregiver, Mylan is likely to develop which attachment style?

anxious/ambivalent

Roger was sitting in class listening to his broadcasting professor talk about blogs, wikis, and memes. Roger was diligently taking notes and providing feedback. Roger's participation could be viewed as respectful based on a

constitutive rule.

The theory that claims that television promotes a worldview that is inaccurate but that viewers nonetheless assume reflects real life is the

cultivation theory.

"You are an excellent athlete," Kevin tells his daughter. Kevin's statement is an example of

direct definition

Kyla says to Diane, "I'm so stressed about my grad school applications. I haven't heard back from any of the schools." Diane interjects stating, "Oh well, life will be fine, and you don't have to stress or talk about it anymore. I am so over hearing about those applications!" Which of these is Diane doing?

diversionary interrupting

Chris is preparing to cook dinner at home for a date. He cleans his apartment, buys scented candles, and hides all of his dirty laundry. Chris is controlling which type of nonverbal communication?

environmental factors

The three broad stages of romantic relationships include

escalation, navigation, and deterioration.

Chris says he loves Betsy but he's not sure they have a future together. Chris's feelings toward Betsy indicate

he loves her but isn't committed

All of the following are ways organization increases speaker effectiveness EXCEPT

listeners find an organized speech more informative than persuasive

When doctors listen with a stethoscope to diagnose heart functioning of chest congestion, they are engaging in which type of listening?

listening to discriminate

When we engage in social comparisons, what might we be doing?

measuring ourselves in relation to others by deciding we are like them or different from them

All aspects of communication other than the words themselves are known as

nonverbal communication.

While visiting her parents on a break from school, Deena doesn't pay attention to much of what they say. She lets much of their communication just come in one ear and out the other without her ever listening. However, when her mother mentions going shopping to get some new clothes and good novels for Deena to take back to school, Deena listens attentively. This is an example of

selective listening

Which of the following explains why it is dangerous to use social media while driving?

selective perception

A method of audience analysis that seeks information about specific listeners and that relates directly to the speaker's topic and purpose is

situational audience analysis

After listening to an idea given by another group member, Jim says, "Let me elaborate on that idea." Jim's comment is an example of

task communication

What are the four stages in the cycle of intimate partner violence, in order?

tension, explosion, remorse, honeymoon

Conducting a survey​ is useful when

there is no published research on something important to your speech and you need to find out what listeners know