Communications Chapter 1
the single most important predictor of happiness in life is
a successful marriage
which of the following expressions best describes the idea of empathy? a. "put yourself in my shoes" b. "the grass is always greener on the other side" c. "accentuate the positive" d. "think before you speak"
a. "put yourself in my shoes"
which communication myth is illustrated by the belief that lack of effective communication is the primary cause of failing marriages? a. communication will solve any problem b. the complexity of human relationships can be understood through effective communication c. communication is inherently good d. everyone is a communication expert
a. communication will solve any problem
which best describes a situation in which you would adapt your communication style to emphasize a certain aspect of your identity? a. explaining your management experience to a potential boss b. sharing a picnic lunch with your spouse c. describing your symptoms to a doctor d. reciting a prayer at a family dinner
a. explaining your management experience to a potential boss
leaving a message on a clients voicemail system is an example of the _________ model of communication
action
rank the complexity of the three communication models, with the simplest at the beginning and the most complex at the end
action, interaction, transaction
a political communicator who is hiring a speech writer might look for what trait?
audience analysis expertise
communicators with low self-awareness who attend a meeting might __________ a. not read the agenda b. speak longer than anyone else c. overlook obvious logical points d. react to nonverbal cues
b. speak longer than anyone else
ethical considerations are particularly important in which of the following situations? a. making relatively minor policy changes b. trying to change the way people think or behave c. convincing people to make a small donation to a charity d. supporting a popular point of view
b. trying to change the way people think or behave
communication is the process that humans use to exchange information and create meaning by using _____________
behaviors, symbols, signs
the transaction model of communication maintains that people in a conversation are
both sources and receivers
a pathway for communication
channel
standard instant messaging is an example of __________ context
channel-lean
transactional communication typically takes place in _________________ environments
channel-rich
environments that incorporate multiple communication channels at once are called
channel-rich contexts
the ability to formulate multiple explanations for a specific situation is called
cognitive complexity
in terms of the communication process, tone of voice functions as a _________
communication channel
communication that is effective and appropriate for a given situation
communication competence
a formal description of the communication process is called
communication model
unlike relational communication needs, identity needs are formed in part by __________
comparing the self to others
when 91% of surveyed US adults report that their communication skills are above average, they are
confusing experience with expertise
literal information that is communicated by a message
content dimension
the physical or psychological environment in which communication occurs
context
which context issue is least likely to affect your ability to talk about a sensitive topic? a. children within earshot b. privacy of the meeting site c. nonverbal reactions of nearby eavesdroppers d. time of day
d. time of day
__________ has become more common in certain communication venues, such as online personal ads
deception
to interpret or give meaning to a message
decode
identifying good communication requires
defining what a good communicator is
understanding unique cultural expectations, using more than one communication strategy to reach your communication goals, selecting a strategy for reaching your communication goals, and identifying your communication goals are all elements of _____________________
effective communication
the ______ of communication is more important than the quantity
effectiveness
the ability to think and feel as others do
empathy
to put an idea into language or gesture
encode
rules that have been clearly articulated
explicit rules
your teacher tells you that phones are not allowed in class this is an example of
explicit rules
verbal and nonverbal responses to a message
feedback
which elements does the interaction model add to the action model?
feedback and context
what components of context are unique to the transaction model of communication?
gender, experience, culture
a common communication myth is that communication is inherently ________
good
research has shown that people with strong ties to family and friends are less likely to suffer from which of the following? high blood pressure accidental falls dental disease mental illness premature death
high blood pressure, mental illness, premature death
plays a large role in shaping the way individuals see themselves
identity need
rules that have not been clearly articulated but are nonetheless understood
implicit rules
you go to get food and see your friends at the front of the lunch line, you get in line at the end because you know its rude to cut in front of people, this is an example of
implicit rules
meets practical everyday needs
instrumental need
deliberate message is an ______________ message
intentional
communication between two people
interpersonal communication
communication that involves communicating with yourself
interpersonal communication
messaging a friend through his or her Facebook profile is an example of
interpersonal communication
rehearsing in your mind how you will request an assignment extension is an example of
interpersonal communication
publishing an article in the New York Times is an example of
mass communication
the verbal and nonverbal elements of communication
message
compared to interpersonal or small group communication, public communication typically requires ___________ preparation time
more
anything that interferes with the receivers ability to pay attention to the message
noise
communicating appropriately can be especially challenging when interacting with people from ____________
other cultures
addresses physical and mental well-being
physical need
the distracting hum of a light fixture is _________________
physical noise
communicating to an audience that is larger than a small group (ex. graduation ceremony)
public communication
speaking at a rally for a political candidate is an example of
public communication
the individual who will decide what is being communicated
receiver
signals about the relationship in which a message is being communicated
relational dimension
includes companionship, affection, relaxation, and escape
relational need
for good communicators, the process of being aware of their own behavior and how it affects others is called
self-monitoring
what works in one context may not work in another
situation-specific communication
encouraging your basketball teammates before a game is an example of
small group communication
the individual who wishes to communicate a thought
source
remarking "it is never okay to steal" is an example of using communication to meet a(n) _______________ need
spiritual
include the principles and morals that people value
spiritual need
when we say there has been a breakdown in communication, it usually means that individuals are _____________
still communicating but are doing so ineffectively
words are ___________
symbols
What was a reason that German emperor Fredrick II's natural language experiment on 50 infants was unethical?
the possibility of harm to the infants
why is meeting instrumental needs important?
they are prerequisites for meeting other needs
mass communication involves transmitting messages
to a large audience
true/false: communication includes writing
true
unconscious message is an _______________ message
unintentional
arbitrary representations of ideas or meanings
words
what is not accounted for by the interaction model of communication?
overlapping communication
if you distrust directions given to you by a tipsy stranger, you are applying _________ filters
perceptual
in any conversation, understanding depends in both the content, or literal, dimension of the message and its ____________ dimension
relational
when sam got up in the morning, he took a shower, chatted with his wife and kids at breakfast, and then went to work. at work, he asked a colleague to review a proposal, confirmed a lunch date with a friend, and wrote a memo to justify his request for a raise. what best describes this account?
sam mostly addressed his instrumental needs
the transaction model recognizes the individuals send and receive messages at the _______
same time