Community test 1

essential public health services

10 _________________ have been identified to represent the activities that all communities should undertake. considered to be viral to achievement of health people in healthy communities demonstrates the relationship of ______ to the core public health functions, also providing further understanding of the core functions

guiding principles

7 characteristics of public health solutions Not hazardous to life or function effective in reducing or preventing the targeted disease or condition easily and efficiently implemented potency maintained for a substantial time period attainable regardless of SES effective immediately upon application inexpensive and within the means of the community

volunteer dental service programs

A joint effort of participating dentists, dental laboratories, and coordinating personnel Provides one-time, comprehensive oral rehabilitation for qualifying individuals

Fl drops

Added to food Most formula has fl2 h2o Refrigeration

FQHC

An ______ is a community health center designated by the federal government by adhering to regulations pertaining to the scope and quality of health services provided to anyone, regardless of ability to pay. An _______ Look-Alike is a health center identified by the HRSA and certified by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) as meeting the definition of "health center," although it does not receive grant funding from the federal government. •Currently there are over 1200 _______ across the U.S., with over 9000 service delivery sites, and serving over 22 million people.

peoples health

An understanding of people's health includes learning the basic terminology to define health, public health, dental public health, community health, and population health. ______ is the health of the public living within a community, state, or nation. Identifying public health problems and solutions provides dental hygienists with the knowledge to explore this field of health further and a means by which they might become involved.

state and territorial

Association of _______________ Dental Directors defines a best practice approach as a "public health strategy that is supported by evidence for its impact and effectiveness." •Dental hygiene as a discipline signals attention to the value placed on the practice of prevention as a health care science. •The proliferation of dental hygienists in dental offices and other health care settings signifies the value placed on prevention. •Dental hygiene is the exclusive health care profession that is truly focused on preventive health care as its foundation. •Prevention and wellness have become accepted and expected.

evidence based

Community oral health programs are opportunities to address access to dental care problems for children and adults. __________ practices are offered in these programs as a means to achieve improved oral health and, consequently, overall health for all populations. Community oral health programs extend the role of the dental hygienist from the traditional private practice to the community as a whole.

HRSA

DC

Health

Described by WHO Health comprises complete physical and mental well being and is not merely the absence of disease A state of well being HEALTH JS A CONTINUUM refer to arrow No disease, onset, asymptomatic, clinical treatment, clinical course of action

Public health

Described by the CDC The science of protecting and improving the health of families and communities through promotion of health lifestyles, research for disease and injury prevention, and detection and control of infectious diseases More than 1 person

ACF

Designed to break the cycle of poverty by providing a comprehensive early learning program for preschool-age children of low-income families Promotes school readiness by enhancing the social and cognitive development of children through the provision of educational, health, nutritional, social, and other services to enrolled children and families Eligibility for HS and EHS services is based on family income at or below 100% of the federal poverty level, which was $23,850 for a family of four in 2014. Served more than 32 million children since 1965 Administered by the DHHS Office of the _____________ Office of Head Start (OHS) •Those 60 programs are operated by 16 different government offices with a budget of more than $51 billion.

water fl

Fluoridated communities Cost of __________ Optimal amounts of fluoride Examples of community __________ programs Other fluoride programs Additional fluoride sources Antifluoridationists •Community __________ is the addition of a controlled amount of fluoride to the public water supply to bring it to an optimal level for the purpose of preventing dental caries in the population.

varnish program

Fluoride varnish Public health fluoride varnish programs Common for high-risk children in clinical sites, HS centers, and WIC sites School-based fluoride varnish programs •Recent studies in the U.S. have found fluoride varnish to be an effective evidence-based approach to prevent caries in primary and permanent teeth of children and adults.

local level

Individual county and city health departments have recognized the need within their communities for provision of oral health services. Many of these clinics are federally funded, offering services on a sliding scale fee schedule and accepting clients who receive public assistance through Medicaid. These clinics employ both public health dentists and dental hygienists and sometimes have supplemental clinical coverage by local dental professionals. •Nonprofit and faith-based organizations also establish community-based clinics that are funded through a variety of sources.

Mass education and promotion

Many adjuncts are already available for use Make sure all pamphlets and visual aids are accurate and correct

essential

National level State level Local level _______ public health services for oral health

mouth rinse fl

PRO •Cheapest •Effective CON •Possibly swallow •Close monitoring •Supplies •Proper disposal •Limited success •Consent

school fl tablet

PRO •Topical and systemic •Easy to monitor •Minimal training •Highly accepted CON •Cannot be taken with milk •Daily •Consent

oral health education

Patient attitudes and environment affect behaviors and the possibility of change Most dental education programs have been implemented for children. If a society free of dental disease is the goal, educational programs must be targeted for the future of society—the children. The school system continues to be the setting used to implement large-scale oral health education programs. •__________ should focus on intervention and should stress skill acquisition and adoption of evidence-based risk-reducing behaviors.

public health

Promotes and protects the health of people and the communities where they live, learn, work and play

WIC

Provides grants for supplemental foods, healthcare referrals, and nutritional education for low-income pregnant, breast-feeding, and non-breast-feeding women in addition to infants and children found to be at nutritional risk. ______ operates in clinics in all states through local agencies.

ACF

Provision of oral health services to individuals who fall outside eligibility guidelines for entitlement programs such as Medicaid are often addressed through voucher or fee-for-service programs. Many of the fee-for-service programs provide for emergency health services for school-age children. Providers are encouraged to try to meet all of the oral health needs of patients within the guidelines of the program. •Some of these programs use nominators, who are generally school nurses or social workers familiar with the economic status of the families seeking services.

decreased

Results of untreated oral diseases include lost productivity, increased healthcare costs, decreased quality of life, and ________ learning among school-age children.

mouth rinse program

School-based fluoride mouth rinse programs offer benefits of fluoride in communities where community water fluoridation is undesired for various reasons. Participation by children in a school-based program requires parental permission and oversight by a licensed dentist.

pre eruptive

Secondary effect of fluoride for caries inhibition is the _________ replacement of hydroxyapatite with fluorapatite during the enamel crystalline matrix formation of the developing tooth. Another topical effect of fluoride is the inhibition of glycolysis in microorganisms.

fluorosis

Teeth with _______are less likely to have dental decay The prevalence of caries has decreased, but the prevalence of dental fluorosis has increased in both fluoridated and nonfluoridated communities. MX ant centrals most at risk Factors associated with increased fluorosis are: Early use of fluoride toothpaste. Use and misuse of dietary supplements. Consumption of infant formula containing fluoride. •Dental hygienists can be valuable resource to the community by providing public education on fluorides and consultation with primary care medical providers on water fluoridation and other sources of fluoride.

ACF

The _______, an agency of DHHS, is responsible for 60 programs that provide assistance to needy children and families. Includes administration of the Head Start program Head Start provides for medical and oral health screening and treatment of conditions identified for enrolled children. Founded in 1965

implementation

The government's role in people's health is mentioned briefly a Comparison of private practice with community oral health practice demonstrates the similarities and prepares dental hygienists for the planning, ________, and evaluation phases that constitute public health programs As health care providers with many roles and responsibilities, dental hygienists have a calling and a duty to serve the community in which they live.

public health

The mission of ________ is to "fulfill society's interest in assuring conditions in which people can be healthy." Without _____, including community oral health, society as a whole suffers because of lost productivity, decreased learning among school-age children as a result of health-related absences, and increased healthcare costs.

oral health education

The process of teaching people about oral health directed at helping them prevent oral disease The scope may include educational activities for children, parents, policymakers, or healthcare providers. Educational programs are developed and presented in many different formats and settings. Learning experiences directed at helping people prevent oral disease Can be presented directly to clients through individual or group activities, such as health fairs, or in school curricula The intent is to assist people in making decisions about their oral health and to choose behaviors conducive to maintaining their health. The participant must be actively involved in the learning process. The cognitive model alone (Attitude + Knowledge = Behavior change) has been ineffective in producing change. Both internal and external factors should be considered in developing an oral health educational program.

dental public health

The science and art of preventing and controlling dental diseases and promoting dental health through organized community efforts

public health solutions

These are examples of _________ _______ _________: Immunizations tobacco cessation programs Fluoridation of drinking water control of exposure to prevent disease Seat belts and air bags in cars to prevent injuries and mortality these _______- are concerned with health pr0motion and disease prevention

sara baker

____ initiates true public health promotional and education program -hells kitchen taught moms how to dress, feed, and bathe their babies

SES

____ is an important concept in public health. it is the social standing or position of a person or group in a community or society on a social economic scale

alfred fones

_____ coined the term dental hygienist

state

_____ oral health programs (SOHP) exist in all states. Dental directors provide leadership and guidance in the planning, funding, and implementation of oral health promotion programs. A state's program may include regional dental directors, public health educators, clinical dentists, dental hygienists, and dental assistants who provide oral health services to underserved populations. PCOH •Approximately 88% of ______ dental directors are full time.

department of health and human services

_____- has jurisdiction of the federal government's role in participating in dental health-related activities -has 13 operating divisions that are responsible for implementing programs to fulfill these goals

public health solutions

______ address the problems of the community at large and are effective measures that follow 7 characteristics (guiding principles)

DHHS

______ has multiple public health service operating divisions, including: National Institutes of Health (NIH) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Indian Health Services (HIS) Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) •In 2015, ______ awarded approximately 48,000 grants for a total of about $300 trillion.

future

______ of dental public health •What needs to be done •Going in the right direction •Common goal

CHIP

_______ Reauthorization Act of 2015 (CHIPRA 2015) approved continuation of ______. Joint state and federally funded program to finance comprehensive health insurance coverage, including dental, for children who are not eligible for medicaid Mandated to provide oral health services in addition to traditional medical services •CHIPRA also authorized an allotment of $40 for national and state-level outreach to enroll more children in Medicaid and CHIP.

dental lifeline network

_______ is a nonprofit organization that operates several programs through which volunteer dental personnel provide access to dental care for people who cannot afford it and have a permanent disability, are aged 65 or older, or are medically fragile.

edward jenner

_______'s discovery leads to immunizations

medicaid

_______, or Title XIX, is a joint state and federally financed program that is administered by the states to provide medical assistance for low-income individuals. For children enrolled in _____, the Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment (EPSDT) program provides comprehensive medically necessary services, including comprehensive dental services. •In 2015, nearly 70 million people were reported to be enrolled in ______ and CHIP nationwide.

ADHA

________ In 2004, became first national oral health organization to propose a new oral health provider (Advanced Dental Hygiene Practitioner [ADHP])in an attempt toserve underserved populations

national oral health initiatives

________ have the common goals of: •Promoting oral health •Improving the quality of life •Eliminating oral health disparities •The 2000 Surgeon General's Report Oral Health in America is a 300-page document with a focus exclusively on oral health issues. •The major message of the report is that oral health is essential to the general health and well-being of all Americans and can be achieved by all Americans; however, there are profound and consequential disparities within the U.S. population. •Whether an oral health program is at the national, state, or local level, the objectives should be tied with the current national oral health objectives.

organized

________ program planning process is critical to effective community oral health programs. Program planning process is a model commonly used in public health practice. •It is important that the dental hygienist understand the basic concepts and steps involved in planning and conducting oral health programs in the community.

federal initiatives

________ that provide funding to states for programs addressing women and children's oral health issues include: Maternal and Child Health Services Block Grants (Title V) Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for WIC CHIP Reauthorization Act (CHIPRA) of 2015 Medicaid (Title XIX) ACF

evaluation

_________ techniques that are formal and informal are necessary to analyze a program fully. •________ is an ongoing process. Needed to make sure program goals and objectives are still being met •Formative-FORMATION •Summative-SUMMARY •_______ allows us to: •Measure the effectiveness of each activity •Identify problems in carrying out the activities •Plan revisions and modifications •Justify the dollar costs of administering the program

Coalition

__________ is a type of collaboration - an alliance of multiple groups, organizations, and individuals whose combined actions aim at accomplishing a specific, common goal.

DHHS

__________ is the federal government's principal agency for protecting the health of all Americans and providing essential services, especially for people who are least able to help themselves. _______ is the largest grant-making agency in the federal government. _____ works with state and local governments and funds services at the local level through state and county agencies and through private sector grantees. ______ also provides regulatory oversight and monitoring of the expenditures made by grantees.

community

__________ oral health programs offer practicing dental hygienists an extension of their private practice experience. Being acquainted with the oral health care needs of the community at large, in conjunction with an understanding of the available program and funding resources from the local, state, and national levels, provides an opportunity for dental hygienists to have a positive impact on the overall health of their communities.

health information literacy

__________- the dress to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process and understand basic health information and series needed to make decisions.

health education

______________- instruction regarding health behaviors that bring an individual to a state of health awareness. Encourages responsibility

factors affecting dental public health

access to care infrastructure workforce] dental hygiene oral health disparities the aging population malpractice dental insurance cultural influences

adjusted fluoridation

adding fluoride to water to reach therapeutic dose

CDC

atlanta

preventative

cheaper to FL large water sys •With the escalating cost of health care, community water fluoridation remains a ______ measure of minimal cost, saving more than it costs.

policy development

core function a strategic scientifically based approach was taken in developing a program inform, educate, and empower mobilize community partnerships develop policies

assurance

core function does what it says its going to do and helps who its meant to help evaluate assure competant workforce link to/provide care enforce laws

assessment

core function info must be collected that supports the public health action. info should be collected by the agency or under the direction of the agency that wishes to run the program (induces) monitor health diagnose and investigate

dental public health

described by the american association of public health dentistry "the science and art of [preventing and controlling dental disease and promoting dental health through organized community efforts" often interchangeable with community dental health

health promotion

encourage healthy behaviors

current roles of hygienist

entrepreneur corporate administrator educator researcher clinician

core functions of public health

federal, state, and local programs have been charged to improve the health of the people through assessment, policy development, and assurance. These ___- were identified in an institute of medicine report

federal initiatives

financing programs __________ Block grants WIC Program Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) Medicaid Administration for Children & Families (ACF) Federally qualified health center (FQHC) Volunteer dental services programs •The financing of dental public health is complex. •Public funding is insufficient to address all the oral health needs in the nation.

dental public health

form of dental practice the serves the community as the pt rather than the individual concerned with: dental education of the public, applied research, administration of group dental care programs, prevention and control of dental disease on a community basis _____ is an approach to health care that is concerned with the health of the community as a whole. it focuses on oral health care and the education of a population, with an emphasis on the utilization of dental hygiene sciences

ADA

going in the right direction ______________ held a first-ever Access to Care Summit in the summer of 2009. •It laid the foundation for a common vision to begin to improve access to oral health care for underserved people. •At the conclusion of the summit, the participants identified areas within which to focus future efforts.

cdc

going in the right direction •Although the dental profession must continue to seek changes to move toward improved oral health of the public, it appears that progress is being made to meet the goals of dental public health. •Healthy People 2020 identified oral health as one of the 12 leading health indicators. •Water fluoridation was identified by_______ as one of the 10 most important public health accomplishments of the 20th century.

cdc

health surveillance prevent and monitor outbreaks oral health division -focus on prevention -community water fluoridation*

school water fl

if a school is only fl •Recommended 4.5 x higher due to infrequent exposure •Less risk of Fluorosis •20%-30% reduction in caries if done for 12 years CONS •Delayed exposure •Only benefits attendees •Long term benefits •Limited exposure

department of health and human services

largest grant making agency in the federal government works closely with state and local governments

health protection

maintaining/not endangering the status of health u have currently

NIDCR

maryland

Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA)

national health service corps, ryan white act, organ transplants, infant and children health

surgeon generals

national initiatives •Several federal, state, and local initiatives developed in response to the ________ Report, including: •Healthy People 2010 •A National Call to Action to Promote Oral Health (2003) •Healthy People 2020 •Health People 2030 •State Oral Health plan

DE fluoridation

natural high concentrations are removed

community

oral health education Other opportunities can be accessed through faith-based, ________-based, and social service organizations such as the WIC program, Head Start, LionsClubs, and Rotary clubs. Potential topics include: Prenatal and postnatal oral health education for parents, infants, and toddlers Oral health concerns of special care patients Oral health education for older adults Oral health effects of tobacco and oral cancer information •The dental hygienist plays the role of health educator.

primary prevention

prevent diseases from occurring population is HEALTHY (no decay, no gingivitis) includes health promotion, health education about disease states and risk/genetic factors EX: community water fluoridation

disease prevention

prevent onset of disease

varnish program

pro •Effective •Ease of application •Biannual application •Non-offensive taste •Effective •Small amounts con •Needs to be applied professionally •Allergy

proposed providers

public health practice ___________: •Mid-level models •Advanced dental hygiene practitioner •Community dental health coordinator

dynamic

public health practice •Professional work in community health is ________ because the environment changes continuously. •Community health is affected by social, demographic, political, economic, and technologic changes. •Public health practitioners perform a broad array of duties focused on entire populations. •The overarching goal is that people are healthy and live in healthy communities.

PA- PHDHP

public health practice •Some States have created a midlevel provider in response to the need, use and demand of dental care in the united states. ______

core functions

purpose: protect and promote health, wellness and the ability of life and to prevent disease, injury, disability, and death ex: text and drive law sugar and sweet beverage tax

tertiary prevention

replace lost tissues ex: dentures or implants to replace lost teeth

secondary prevention

terminating the disease process population displays risk factors or has early signs of disease ex: varnish on white spots

national institutes of health

the federal government's medical research institution research conducted within the bethesda, maryland facilities and coordinates other research projects across the US national institutes of dental and craniofacial research NIDCR

water protection measure

the first significant recording of public health measures in the US emerged in SC as a _____________________

public health

the goal of ______ is to protect and promote the public's health across 3 essential domains health protection disease prevention health promotion its associated with prevention health education recommending policies administering services conducting research limiting health disparities

accomplish public health

through organized, interdisciplinary efforts that address health problems in communities through the application of health promotion , health education, and disease prevention and control efforts that are designed to improve health and enhance quality of life

natural fluoridation

water contains minimal or trace amounts without human action

be part of the change

what needs to be done •"________________" Campaign •Interprofessional collaboration •ADHA and Oral Cancer Foundation partnered in an effort to spread awareness of oral cancer to help early detection by dental and medical practitioners. •This approach has been implemented successfully in community-based clinics for low-income patients •Interprofessional partnerships have the potential to change the perception of oral health and overcome barriers to optimize preventive care.

alliances

what needs to be done •Developing ______ with other healthcare professionals can influence oral health in two ways. •Dental professionals can affect the lives of patients from a total health perspective. •Other healthcare professionals can become aware of the effect of oral health on the systemic conditions they are treating and vice versa.

Affordable Care Act (ACA aka Obamacare)

what needs to be done •Passed in 2010 •Estimated 11 million to 24 million children and nonelderly adults will gain access to dental coverage by 2018. •Gaps remain for low-income adults. •Changes will continue to be needed to address certain provisions of the ACA that are aimed at improving the dental public health infrastructure. •This will challenge the capacity of the current dental workforce and require innovative, effective, and efficient ways to increase the workforce so that the necessary dental care can be provided.

Public health

—— and community health are used synonymously Both refer to the effort that is organized by society to protect, promote, and restore health and quality of life of the people The health status of a target population and the actions and conditions that improve and protect that health status

Public health

—— has been defined by the world health organization as the effort to promote physical and mental health and prevent disease, injury, and disability Knutson defined it as: —- health is people's health. It is a concern for and activity directed toward the improvement and protection of the health of a population group and the aggregate

Public health

——- pertains to the community, state, or nation Public health is people's health Defined as: the health outcomes of a group of individuals, including the distribution of such outcomes within the group An approach to health with the goal to improve the health of the entire population

Public health

——-is concerned with the health of all It focuses on the health of the entire population not just on health services of individuals. Health, ——-, and dental public health are all interrelated

school fl tablet

•16 year commitment •Same as home prescription •Prescription •30% reduction Chew and swish

healthy people 2030

•A comprehensive set of disease prevention and health promotion objectives that contains an oral health focus area and oral health objectives •Every 10 years, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) leverages scientific insights and lessons learned from the past decade along with new knowledge of current data, trends, and innovations. •Purpose was to improve the nation's oral health by realigning existing resources and creating new activities in an attempt tomaximize outputs

access to care summit

•Areas included: •Workforce development strategies •Reorganization of the dental delivery system •Financing models •Population-based prevention strategies and strengthening the public health infrastructure •Improving oral health literacy through social marketing •Collaboration between the medical and dental communities •Developing metrics for measuring and defining access Building a sustainable infrastructure for communication and collaboration

secondary

•Arrest progression •SRP, re mineralization techniques

gov agency at state level

•At the _______, public health agencies have been charged with the task of developing oral health programs within their states. •These programs: •Increase awareness of oral health issues •Promote sound oral health policy development •Support initiatives for the prevention and control of dental disease

gov agency at local level

•At the_____, dental programs vary throughout the nation. •Examples may include: •Local community health centers providing services for low-income families •School-based programs providing oral health education on and disease prevention services to children •As a result of a decline in funding at all levels, there has been less involvement at this level in recent years.

Long Term Care Dental Campaign

•Began in 2014 by the ADA •Designed to assist state dental associations to create successful initiatives and to train more dentists to serve at long-term care facilities as care providers, advisors, and dental directors

grantmanship

•Brief information about grants •The art of writing a grant is called _______________ •Block Grant •Line Grant

medicaid

•Clinical services such as fluoride varnish application are offered at WIC sites and financed through _______

health education

•Combination of learning opportunities planned to facilitate and reinforce voluntary behavior • the process of imparting information about the dental health which helps an individual to keep the oral cavity healthy as good oral hygiene helps a person to prevent oral disease such as periodontal diseases, bad breath and other

ADEA

•Competencies for graduate education for dental hygienists were developed jointly by ADHA and ________. •Proficiencies are based on the recognition that further education prepares the dental hygienist to meet the challenges of working with underserved populations that continually face barriers to health care. Advanced education has been suggested for dental hygienists filling the expanded roles of alternative workforce models. •For the nation to make significant progress toward this goal, the commitment of a broad group of collaborative stakeholders is needed.

planning

•DECISION ABOUT THE COURSE OF ACTION •DRAW UP PROGRAM BLUE PRINT •SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO •SET PRORITIES •DEVELOP GOALS •IDENTIFIES CONTREAINTS •DETERMINE ALTERNATIVE STATEGIES •DECIDE ON METHODS OF IMPLEMENTATION

health educator/wellness promotor

•Dental hygiene faculty, public health education promoting oral health through the presentation of scientific information or a corporate educator. •As un private practice, an important oral of the public health dental hygienist is that of an educator. Health education is the process in which the client is encouraged to become responsible for personal oral health and is informed of scientifically based methods for preventing dental disease.

fredrick Mckay

•Dr. __________ is partially credited for discovering fluoridation. •He began an investigation that ultimately indicated that what he was seeing was dental fluorosis caused by too much naturally occurring fluoride in the water supply. •Interestingly, these same patients exhibited far fewer caries than his other patients, thus revealing the preventive benefit of fluoridated water.

healthy people 2020

•Driving force of dental public health is achieving the oral health and related goals set by __________

Fluoridated milk

•Effective •Milk consumption decreases •Lack of milk consumption •Refrigeration

health promotion

•Empowering people and communities to increase their control over various determinants of health •Introduces the role of behaviors not just attitudes and knowledge •Wide range of interventions •educational economical, organizational, environmental •planned effort to build public policies, create supportive environments, strengthen community action, develop personal skills or reorient health services pertaining to influence above factors

dilution

•Fluoridating the water in a community has increased effects •______ effect- a little goes a long way •Diffusion- where was your food cooked

fl prevention

•Fluoride supplements •Professionally applied fluoride foams, gels, and rinses •Fluoride varnishes •Fluoride-containing prophy pastes •Fluoride toothpastes •Other uses

alternative restorative tx

•Formerly known as atraumatic restorative treatment (A R T). •Involves sealing a tooth after removing demineralized tooth surfaces manually. •Seal with glass ionomer of sealant materials. •Common in many areas worldwide.

evaluation

•HOW WELL DID THE PROGRAM MEET ITS OBJECTIVES •REASONS TO EVALUATE: •To determine the effectiveness of a program and make changes for the future •Provides accountability • THE SUCCESS OF A PROGRAM IS BASED ON ITS ABILITY TO FULLFIL THE GOALS AND OBJECTIVES •AND ACHIEVE OTHER GOALS SET FORTH VIA PLANNING

types of water fl

•Hydrofluosilic acid (Fluosilic Acid) •Sodium Silicofluoride (sodium fluorosilicate) •Sodium Fluoride

assessment

•INITIAL STEPS IN PROGRAM PLANNING •ASSESS THE POPULATIONS NEEDS, FACILITY NEEDS, RECOURCE AND FUNDING •PERFORMS A NEEDS __________ •The most important and foundational step in program planning. It also evaluates the effectiveness of a program. •A needs____________ provides us with baseline information and over time, measures the amount of progress achieved in solving the specific problem. Important to complete before planned services or projects. •DEFINITION A NEEDS __________ •An organized and systematic approach to identify a target group and define the extent and severity of oral health needs present

data document

•If a program yields information that would be helpful if shared •Publishing •Sharing information •OPTIONAL!

ADHA

•In 2005, the _____ adopted an updated version of the six roles of the dental hygienist. In 2013, the ______, the _____ Institute of Oral Health, and the Santa Fe Group collaborated to hold the symposiumTransforming Dental Hygiene Education: Proud Past, Unlimited Future. •The purpose of this conference was to analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the current dental hygiene educational process and curriculum to identify necessary changes that can improve dental hygienists' success in meeting the oral health needs of the American public.

DHHS

•In 2011, ________ proposed a change from .7-1.2mg/L depending on climate to .7mg/L in all areas. •Drinking bottled water is definitely a prevalent practice in the United States, and dental hygienists should be aware that many of these bottles contain no fluoride.

administration/manager

•In both the private office and in the public health arena, the hygienist administers and manages programs. Within the administrator role, many functions of the other roles are required. •In this role the dental hygienist needs the following: •Knowledge of how systemic and topical fluorides work to prevent dental caries • Good communication skills to establish a working relationship with school superintendents to principals and teachers, •Organizational skills to plan budget, to order supplies and to keep records. •Knowledge of evaluation procedures to account for the cost versus the program effectiveness.

consumer advocate/change agent

•In this role the dental hygienist must have the knowledge and skills to work legislatively to promote change and advance the health of the public through legislation, public policy, research and science. As a consumer advocate, the dental hygienist represents individual or large groups of consumers and informs them of quality services and products.

oral infections

•It is necessary for the dental hygienist to incorporate nutritional counseling into all regimens related to oral health care. •Diet plays a major role in the etiology or prevention of dental caries, and is an important supporting factor in other ___________.

salt

•Mainly European •Same effectiveness as h2o •Cheaper •Provides a choice •Disadvantage- low salt diets

caries

•Majority of community involvement covers: _______ •Perio •Trauma •Oral cancer

pa school dental programs

•Mandated programs •Dental exam at k,3,7 -Dental hygiene services -42 school districts out of 500, 37 now •A modified dental health service program approved the by secretary of health. •Reimbursement schedule -what the state pays the school per child for services •Medical services- 1.60 X enrolled •Nurse- 7.00 x enrolled •Dental services -.80 x enrolled •DH- 2.00 x enrolled

mouth rinse program

•Most popular program in schools •Weekly rinse .2% neutral sodium fl2 (NaF) •Daily rinse .05% neutral sodium fl2 (NaF) •25-28% reduction in decay •Topical only •Lay supervision •Water fluoridation and fluoridated toothpaste have historically been the most common sources of fluoride in the U.S. Important to recognize that community water fluoridation remains the most cost-effective, most practical, safest means of preventing tooth decay.

diagnosis

•NATURAL CONCLUSION TO THE ASSESSMENT PHASE •DEFINES THE PROBLEM(S) AND PROVIDES DIRECTION FOR THE ACTIONS TO FOLLOW

health promotion

•No matter how good an idea/program. It cannot be effective until it is known and used properly by the public •_________- process that informs and motivates people to adopt healthy behavior to enhance their health and prevent disease

high bp

•Oral health professionals have contributed to the reduction of cardiovascular disease by screening for _____________ and promoting the importance of oral health in relation to cardiovascular health.

responsibility

•Over the years, the number of dental public health programs at federal, state, and local levels has declined as a result of tight budgets and diminishing resources. •Dental disease persists as a public health problem that can be alleviated and, possibly, eliminated. •The knowledge exists, but because of restraints and a lack of resources, this knowledge is not being applied toward the goal of communities free from dental disease. •It is the _____________ of dental health professionals to emphasize the connection of oral health to people's general health to the policymakers of our nation. •Recent public health reports continue to stress the importance of increasing the priority given to oral health by health planners. •The ongoing need to emphasize the importance of oral health has never been stronger.

implementation

•PUTTING THE PLAN INTO ACTION •DOING

individual

•Prevention can be accomplished at an individual or community level •__________- What we do with out patients one on one •Community- Greater impact at a lower cost for # of people -Water Fl2

primary

•Prevention of disease. •Plaque removal, routine prophy, fl2

myriad

•Public health services incorporate the roles of ________ public health professionals in various sectors and from diverse disciplines. Disciplines include oral health, nursing, nutrition, social work, health promotion, laboratory science, environmental health, administration, and epidemiology.

healthy people 2020

•Reflects assessments of major risks to health and wellness, changing public health priorities, and emerging issues related to our nation's health preparedness and prevention •Provides a framework to address risk factors and determinants of health and the diseases and disorders that affect our communities •Oral health is included with objectives and guidance for reaching the new 10-year targets. •The ________ initiative is in its fourth version.

tertiary

•Replace missing/ prevent loss of function •Dentures, bridges etc.

2

•Secondary standard- regulates contaminants that may cause cosmetic effects. Not required to comply. ___ mg/L •Bottled water is monitored by the FDA

workforce

•Significant changes in _______ models are taking place to address the access to care problem. •The number of states that allow the public to have direct access to oral healthcare services of a dental hygienist in at least one practice setting rose from 28 states (2008) to 37 states (2014).

collaboration

•Successful provision of public health services requires _______ among public, nonprofit, and private partners within a given community and across various levels of government. •Constituency and stakeholder groups include private, voluntary, nonprofit, and public agencies or organizations involving health, mental health, substance abuse, environmental health protection, and public health.

xylitol

•Sugar substitute •Currently widely used in chewing gums •Naturally found in fruit, mushrooms and wood •Research results and newer findings

4

•The Environmental Protection Agency is responsible for the safety and quality of community water • maximum contaminate level - ______ mg/l (Different then manual) based off lifetime risks. Not enforceable

DHHS

•The ______ has jurisdiction of the federal government's role in participating in dental health-related activities. •Goals for 2014-2018 •Strengthen health care •Advance scientific knowledge and innovation •Advance the health, safety, and well-being of the American people Ensure efficiency, transparency, accountability, and effectiveness of ______ programs •The _____ has 13 operating divisions that are responsible for implementing programs to fulfill these goals.

ADHA

•The __________ represents more than 150,000 registered dental hygienists. •Each of the fifty state dental hygiene associations is a constituent member. •Constituent organizations serve the components in their jurisdictions by informing them of national policies and programs and actively working on legislative issues. •Components are the local associations and work at grass root efforts.

ADA

•The conference drew together representatives from a variety of communities of interest, including spokespersons from ____ leadership, ADHA leadership, dental special interest groups, federal agencies, healthcare policymakers, the dental industry, consumer advocacy groups, education and research institutions, financing groups, safety net providers, nondental healthcare providers, dental volunteer leaders, and state dental societies.

health information literacy

•The degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process and understand basic health information and series needed to make appropriate health decisions •multifactorial

service provider/clinician

•The dental hygienist assesses oral health conditions and develops a plan to manage oral disease. Treatment is then provided. •Public health dental hygienists provide clinical services to a targeted population, including assessment of oral health conditions and delivery of periodontal and preventative care. Often t he population served in a public health clinic has limited access to deal care, has been excluded from dental benefits under their employersinsurance policy and is often described as having a lower SES.

researcher

•The dental hygienist determines which methods of prevention work best for the people served by the profession. This includes evaluating products and techniques and sharing the findings.

health educator

•The dental hygienist in the role of _________ uses the knowledge of primary preventive measures to inform people about how to improve their health.

consultant/resource person

•The dental hygienist in this position is a liaison between the community and the dental profession. In this role the dental hygienist determines the appropriate program or activity that will serve the needs of the community. •Creating a webpage containing information on oral health. Maintaining a lending library of dental brochures, videotapes, and educational displays available to the public. Developing culturally appropriate educational materials to meet the needs of community groups.

dental public health

•The goal of ___________ is optimal oral health for all citizens and universal access to comprehensive dental care. Both dentists and dental hygienists, with this goal in mind, have entered the field of public health by accepting employment within programs that include health promotion, community disease prevention, and provision of dental care to selected groups of people.

oral prophylaxes

•The introduction of dental hygiene treatment, which is sometimes referred to as dental cleanings or _____________, as well as oral examination and oral hygiene instruction provided by a registered dental hygienist, may likely be the reason that Americans experience less oral disease overall. •Furthermore, dental hygienists have educated a more oral health-aware consumer. Many postulate that dental hygiene was the forerunner to the prevention movement now seen in the United States.

incipient caries

•The placement of dental sealants is a highly effective means of preventing pit and fissure caries, which are the areas least affected by fluoride. •Sealants should be placed as soon as possible after the tooth erupts and proper isolation to prevent moisture contamination can be achieved. •Indications: newly erupted teeth, deep pits and fissures, history of caries, xerostomia, orthodontics, poor oral hygiene, and __________. •Costs: the average one-surface restoration charge is more than double the average sealant charge. In fact, sealants are a cost-effective means to prevent occlusal decay.

pharyngeal

•The use of tobacco is related to tooth staining, periodontal diseases, and oral and ________l cancer. •Only 7% of adults in the United States reported having had an oral cancer exam in the past year, which is the recommended interval. •Tobacco cessation programs.

action for dental health

•To meet these goals, the ADA launched a program in 2013, ________________ (ADH). •Designed to give dental care to underserved populations, strengthen and expand the public/private safety net, and bring disease prevention and education to communities •These aims of the ADH program will be accomplished through the initiatives described in Box 1-4.

oppose water fl

•Violation of personal freedom •Cause of disease(s) and/or medical conditions: cancer, A I D S, fatigue, etc. •Forced medication •Communist plot •Abuse of police power

post eruptive

•Water fluoridation works both systemically and topically. The systemic effects of water fluoridation occur as the fluoride is absorbed via the blood plasma and becomes incorporated into the structure of the teeth. •Fluoridated toothpastes, mouth rinses, professional gels, fluoride varnish, and water fluoridation work topically, or on the tooth structure. Primary mechanism of action of fluoride in caries inhibition is____________.

brain

•Worn during athletic events to prevent trauma to the oral cavity and ______ •Even more beneficial for younger athletes •Research does not yet prove mouthguards prevent or reduce concussions. •Promotional benefits of professional athletes "sporting" mouthguards during athletic events

CODA

•_________ and ADEA both have developed and revised accreditation standards and competencies, respectively, that emphasize dental public health. •_______ adopted accreditation standards for the dental curriculum in 2010 that reflect a stronger emphasis on community in terms of advocacy. •ADEA competencies and _______ accreditation standards for dental hygiene have greater emphasis on community oral health than predoctoral dental education programs.

WIC

•_________ is administered at the federal level through multiple state agencies. •In 2015, WIC grants totaled over $6.5 billion. •CHIP is mandated to provide oral health services in addition to traditional medical services. •CHIPRA 2015 allotted a total of $39.7 billion through fiscal year 2017 to support the CHIP program. •Medicaid is a joint state and federally financed program. •ACF is an agency of DHHS.

healthy people 2020

•___________ is a publication of the DHHS. •These objectives are meant to be achieved by the year 2020.