Comp Sci Unit 2

A digital artist comes up to you and says, "Help! I need a 12-bit color that's just a little bit greener than #79B." What would you suggest and why?

#79C because it is a bigger value than #79B, which means it is darker.

What are the largest dimensions (width and height) of an image we can make with the pixelation widget?

10 * 10

How many more colors are available with 12 bits-per-pixel than 6 bits-per-pixel?

4032

Alice has 100 small images, each of which is 500 KB. How much space do they take up overall in MB?

Alice has 50,000 KB in total. There are 1000 KB in 1 Megabyte so this data will take up 50 MB of data.

a problem solving approach (algorithm) to find a satisfactory solution where finding an optimal or exact solution is impractical or impossible.

Heuristic

A base-16 number system that uses sixteen distinct symbols 0-9 and A-F to represent numbers from 0 to 15.

Hexadecimal

What would happen if we didn't include width and height bits in our protocol? Assume your friend just sent you 32 bits of pixel data (just the 0s and 1s for black and white pixels). Could you recover the original image? If so, how?

If the image didn't include the width and height of bits than we wouldn't know the dimensions of the image and therefore wouldn't be able to tell its resolution. Only the computer can recover the original image because we wouldn't be able to tell what pixels the 1s and 0's mean.

A type of data used for graphics or pictures.

Image

a data compression algorithm that allows the original data to be perfectly reconstructed from the compressed data.

Lossless Compression

a data compression method that uses inexact approximations, discarding some data to represent the content. Most commonly seen in image formats like .jpg.

Lossy Compression

the RGB color model uses varying intensities of (R)ed, (G)reen, and (B)lue light are added together in to reproduce a broad array of colors.

RGB

Shakespeare's complete works have approximately 3.5 million characters. Which is bigger in file size: Shakespeare's complete works stored in plain ASCII text or a 4 minute song on mp3? How much bigger?

Shakespeare's complete works take up 3.5 million bytes. A minute of mp3 at a normal bitrate is around 720 KB. 4 minutes of mp3 would be equivalent to 2,880 kilobytes. 1 kilobyte is equal to 1000 bytes so 4 minutes of mp3 is equal to 2,880,000 bytes. Shakespeare's complete works take up 620,000 more bytes than 4 minutes of mp3 music.

How many bits would it take to represent the smallest possible image (i.e. an image with one pixel)?

The bits it would take it just one line of 1's and 0's this would be the smallest image as a pixel.

What happens if you have you an image that has 6 bits-per-pixel and you change it to 12?

The colors change because the code is read differently.

A salesperson is trying to sell you a phone that has 16 GB of memory saying, "that's enough space to record an hour of high quality video!" This salesperson is probably wrong, but in which direction? Would you have more than enough memory or not enough?

The salesperson isn't specifying the resolution of the video. 1 hour of 720P video can range from around 900 MB to 4 GB based on the compression. 1 hour of 1080p video can range from 1.2 GB to 8 GB based on the compression settings. In any case, we have more than enough memory for 1 hour of video.

Assume your Internet connection can transmit 1 million bits per second. Approximately how long would it take you to download 1 Terabyte of data?

There are 8 bits in a byte and 1,000,000,000,000(1 trillion) bytes in a terabyte. This means that there are 8 trillion bits in one terabyte. If my internet connection could transmit 1 million bits per second, it would still take 8 million seconds to download 1 terabyte.

Your ghost hunting group is recording the sound inside a haunted classroom for 20 hours as MP3 audio files. About how much data will that be, expressed in GB?

There is 1 MB of data per minute of MP3 audio. 1,200 MB for 20 hours of MP3 audio. 1,200 MB is 1.2 GB.

How many total bits would there be in the largest possible image we could make with the pixelation widget?

There is not definite answer as the there can be as many pixels until you can't make anymore pixels

Alice has 600 MB of data. Bob has 2000 MB of data. Will it all fit on Alice's 4 GB thumb drive?

Yes, because 4gb is equal to 4000 megabytes and there is only 2,600 MB of data.

is data that describes other data. For example, a digital image may include metadata that describe the size of the image, number of colors, or resolution.

metadata

short for "picture element", the fundamental unit of a digital image, typically a tiny square or dot that contains a single point of color of a larger image.

pixel