Comprehension and Extension, Signification and Supposition

Porphyry's tree

a diagram invented by Porphyry which breaks complex concepts down into simple concepts out of which it is made

extension "applied"

all things represented by a concept that existed, are existing, and will exist

simple apprehension

an act by which the mind grasps the concept or general meaning of an object without affirming or denying anything about it

supposition

represents the kinds of existence that a term can refer to, which are verbal existence, mental existence, and real existence

the first mental act

simple apprehension

the first verbal expression

term

analogous terms

terms that are applied to different things but have related meanings

univocal terms

terms that have exactly the same meaning no matter when or how they are used

equivocal terms

terms that, although spelled and pronounced exactly alike, have entirely different and unrelated meanings

essence

the fundamental nature of something; a defining feature; an extract of a substance

relationship between comprehension and extension

the greater the comprehension a concept has, the less extension it has; and the more extension it has, the less comprehension

extension

the individual substances to which a concept refers

notes/marks

the simple concepts which break down the more complex concepts on the Porphyrian Tree

comprehension

the sum of the knowable characteristics that can be said of a concept

signification

there are three kinds; univocal, equivocal, and analogous

real supposition

when a term refers to something as it exists in the outside world

logical supposition

when a term refers to something as it exists mentally

material supposition

when a term refers to something as it exists verbally