COMS 225

The process of creating a message, adapting it, and sending it to a receiver via a channel is called

encoding

Wedding toasts would be an example of a speech to

entertain

Aristotle's term for credibility is?

ethos

In the event of an external distraction, like an audience member's cell phone ringing, you should

pause & wait until you can regain. the audience's atteention

If you value your listeners and want to communicate with them successfully, then audience analysis is critical because

public speaking is audience-centered

decoding

"Sensing (for example, hearing or seeing) a source's message, interpreting the source's message, evaluating the source's message, and responding to the source's message" (Wrench, McCroskey & Richmond, 2008).

Jose wants to know if a speaker wants him to sign a petition, but does not necessarily want to hear the reasoning behind the petition. What type of listener is Jose?

Action-oriented listener

Which of the following reactions is an example of feedback?

All of the above - laughing at a friend's joke - answering a teacher's question - rolling your eyes when you hear a baad pun

Freedom of speech is guaranteed by the

First Amendment to the Constitution

which of the following guidelines is not one of the author's suffusions for helping you view speech making positively and for visualizing success?

The author makes all of these suggestions - visualize yourself giving an effective speech - view public speaking as an opportunity - use cognitive restructuring, replacing negative thoughts with positive ones

You should prepare a list of questions for a focus group, rather than having conversation freely flow the whole time

True

Which of the following statements about public speaking audiences is true?

Without training in public speaking, the audience cannot easily detect the nervousness a speaker feels

interactional Model of Communication

a communication model that includes the idea that a sender encodes a message and a receiver decodes a message; feedback is also part of this model

transactional model of communication

a communication model that introduces the idea that individuals are sending and receiving messages at thee same time

speech to entertain

a speech given for a particular occasion

persuasive speaking

a speech with a primary purpose of changing the audience's briefs, attitudes, or valus

informative speaking

a speech with a primary purpose to share knowledge on a topic

linear model of communication

a theory of communication in which a message is sent from a sender to a receiver

listening

active, focused, concentrated attention for the purpose of understanding the meanings expressed by a speaker

You pick the topic, "What to Do on a Friday Night When You Can't Drink," because your demographic analysis found that a large segment of the college audience is under the age of 21. You feel that your topic will be useful to the over-21 listeners, as well. However, your principal focus will be on the under-21 crowd. Your top selection and the narrowing of your focus was based on the audience's

age

Which of the following are effective ways to reduce speaker anxiety

all of the above - practice positive visualization - focus on your audience, rather than yourself - analyze your audiencee

The Dialogue Theory of Public Speaking includes all of the principles EXCEPT

all people have the same meaning for words

hearing

an accidental and automatic brain response to sound that requires no effort

communication apprehension

an individual's "fear or anxiety" associated with either real or anticipated communication with another person or persons

noise

anything that interferes with the transmission of a message

cognitive restructuring

changing how you label the physiological responses you will experience

situational audience analysis

characteristics related to the specific speaking situation

semantic noise

confusion over the meaning of a source's word choice

Interpreting, evaluating, and responding to a message is

decoding

The Interactional Modl of Communication added what element to the communication model

decoding

gender, age, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status are all

demographic information

physiological noise

distractions to a speaker's message caused by a listener's own body

psychological noise

distractions to a speaker's message caused by a receiver's eternal thoughts

As long as surveys are anonymous then respondents will always tell the truth

false

Careful audience analysis before your speech will guid your topic selection, but not necessarily how you focus and develop your subject.

false

Memorizing a speech is a good way to deal with speaker apprehension

false

Telling a joke is a great way to start a speech?

false

The occasion, or the reason for the speaking event, is not necessarily a critical factor in determining what type of audience you will be facing.

false

The three parts of the ethics pyramid include all of the following EXCEPT?

feedback

_______ is when a receiver sends a message back to the source

feedback

assumptions

gaps in logical sequence that listeners passively fill with their own ideas and opinions and may or may not be accurate

an automatic brain response that requires no effort is

haring

a word or phrase that cannot b predicts by a dictionary definition is a(n)

idiom

An instructor presenting a lecture on how plants use light as a source of energy is giving a speech to

inform

Emily is writing a speech on adopting pets from a shelter. Although she knows PETA is biased source, their information is very persuasive, so she includes t anyway. What combination of the ethics pyramid does this case represent?

intentional use of bad means

content-oriented listener

listeners that are interested in the message itself, whether it makes sense, what it means, and whether i's accurate

action-oriented listener

listeners that are primary interested in finding out what the speaker wants

people-oriented listener

listeners that listen to the message in order to learn how the speaker thinks and how they feel about their message

Time-oriented listener

listeners that prefer a message that gets to the point quickly

Chemically & physiologically, all people experience stage fright. Which of the following do people not experience

restricted blood flow to large muscles groups

Speaker apprehension is usually the highest?

right before the speech

If Katrina is up all night worrying about the number of chairs in the room she is using to present in she should probably conduct a?

situational analysis

Want presented a persuasive speech entitled, "How to Best Vacation in Ibiza. " Which demographic trait did she likely overlook when preparing her speech?

socioeconomic status

physical noise

sounds in an environment that interfere with a source's ability to hear

feedback

th message a receiver sends back to the sender

psychological information

the beliefs, attitudes, and values that your audience members embrace

demographic information

the genre, age range, marital starts, race, and ethnicity of the people in your audience

receiver

the person who decodes a communication message

audience analysis

the process of gathering information about the people in your audience so that you can understand their needs, expectations, beliefs, values, attitudes, and likely opinions

source

the sender of a message

frame of referenc

the unique set of perspectives, experience, knowledge, and values belonging to very ndividual

credibility

thee perception that the speaker is honest, knowledgeable, and rightly motiivated

channel

thee way in which a message is communicated

A little nervousness will actually help you to give a better speech

true

As a speaker you must try to assess the audience's understanding or comprehension of your message.

true

Ethical public speakers consider the diversity of their audiences and use appropriate channels to communicate with as many of them as possible

true

One way to analyze your audience is by observing them

true

Your challenge as a public speaker is to recognize how your listeners offer from one another and to understand, respect, and adapt to the diversity as you develop and deliver your speeches.

true

a survey or interview should be kept short

true

If Elizabeth persuades an audience that adopting from an animal shelter is the only moral choice, she has influenced her listeners'

values

Which audience characteristic would not be available through a demographic analysis of your audience?

values

encoding

what a source does when "crating a message, adapting it to the receiver and transmitting it across some source-selectd channel" (Wrench, McCrosky & Richmond, 2008)