Conception and Fetal Development

A primigravid client attending parenthood classes tells the nurse that there is a history of twins in her family. What should the nurse tell the client?

Monozygotic twins occur by chance regardless of race or heredity.

Which instructions should the nurse include in the teaching plan for a 30-year-old multiparous client who will be using an intrauterine device (IUD) for family planning?

Severe cramping may occur when the IUD is inserted

According to the antenatal record, a newborn is 12 days post-mature. A nurse completes the initial assessment of the newborn and notes increased amounts of vernix. The mother asks why the nurse seems concerned about the presence of the vernix. Which of the following statements by the nurse is most appropriate?

The vernix indicates a different gestational age than expected."

A primigravida at 8 weeks' gestation tells the nurse that she wants an amniocentesis because there is a history of hemophilia A in her family. The nurse informs the client that she will need to wait until she is at 15 weeks' gestation for the amniocentesis. Which is the most appropriate rationale for the nurse's statement regarding amniocentesis at 15 weeks' gestation?

The volume of amniotic fluid needed for testing will be available by 15 weeks

A nulliparous client says that she and her husband plan to use a diaphragm with spermicide to prevent conception. Which should the nurse include as the action of spermicides when teaching the client?

destruction of spermatozoa before they enter the cervix

When developing a series of parent classes on fetal development, the nurse should include which feature as being developed by the end of the third month (9 to 12 weeks)?

external genitalia

A dilatation and curettage (D&C) is scheduled for a primigravid client admitted to the hospital at 10 weeks' gestation with abdominal cramping, bright red vaginal spotting, and passage of some of the products of conception. The nurse should assess the client further for the expression of which feeling?

guilt

When teaching a group of pregnant adolescent clients about reproduction and conception, the nurse is correct when stating that fertilization occurs:

in the first third of the fallopian tube.

A client in the first trimester of pregnancy joins a childbirth education class. During this trimester, the class is most likely to cover which physiologic aspect of pregnancy?

warning signs of complications

A client has undergone a vasectomy. The nurse instructs the client that he can begin having unprotected intercourse at what time following the surgery?

when the sperm count reflects sterilization

A nurse is providing care for a pregnant 16-year-old. The client says that she is concerned she may gain too much weight and wants to start dieting. The nurse should respond by saying:

"Nutrition is important because depriving your baby of nutrients can cause developmental and growth problems."

After conducting a class for female adolescents about human reproduction, which student statement indicates that the school nurse's teaching has been effective?

"Under ideal conditions, sperm can reach the ovum in 15 to 30 minutes, resulting in pregnancy.

A 20-year-old primigravid client tells the nurse that her mother had a friend who died from hemorrhage about 10 years ago during a vaginal birth. Which response would be most helpful?

"What is it that concerns you about pregnancy, labor, or childbirth?"

A nurse is teaching a female client, who is positive for human immunodeficiency virus, about pregnancy. The nurse should know more teaching is necessary when the client says:

"I'll need to have a cesarean birth if I become pregnant and have a baby."

A nurse is doing an assessment of a pregnant client who states that she smokes one pack of cigarettes each day. The nurse should:

inform the client of the risks to the fetus and ask if she'd like a referral to a smoking cessation support group.

A client who's 12 weeks pregnant attends a class on fetal development as part of a childbirth education program. The nurse anticipates that at 16 weeks' gestation, the client's fetus will:

have audible heart sounds

During routine preconception counseling, a client asks how early a pregnancy can be diagnosed. What is the nurse's best response?

"8 days after conception.

Which statements made by a pregnant woman in the first trimester are consistent with this stage of pregnancy? Select all that apply.

"My husband told his friends we'll have to give up the convertible for a minivan." "Oh my, how did this happen? I don't need this now." "I wonder how it will feel to buy maternity clothes and be fat."

During an annual checkup, a client tells the nurse that she and her partner have decided to start a family. Ideally, when should the nurse plan for childbirth education to begin and end?

It should begin before conception and end 3 months after childbirth.

The nurse is assessing a 16-year-old nulligravida, who asks for information on natural family planning methods of contraception and reports that her menstrual cycle occurs every 28 days. Which information would be important to include in the teaching plan for this client?

Ovulation usually occurs on day 14, plus or minus 2 days, before the onset of the next menstrual cycle