Connect Assignment: Chapter 1 Matter and Energy

select all the options that correctly display the relationship between 1 milligram and 1 gram

-1g / 10^3mg -10^-3g /1 mg

select all the options that correctly describe chemical properties

-a chemical property of a substance can be defined by what chemical changes it can undergo -a chemical property can be defined by the composition of the substance

match each new approach to scientific inquiry to the correct definition

-combinatorial chemistry: a series of related chemical compounds in systematically prepared and tested for effectiveness -green chemistry: the development of chemical processes that prevent pollution and reduce the amount of natural resources used to manufacture various consumer, research, and industrial products

match each section of the periodic table to the groups or types of elements found in that section

-main-group elements: groups 1,2, and 13-18 -transition elements: groups 3-12 -inner-transition elements: lanthanides and actinides

select all the statements that correctly describe matter

-matter can include both large objects and small objects -matter is anything that occupies spaces and has mass

select all the options that represent general properties of metals

-metals conduct heat -metals conduct electricity -metals are shiny

match each term describing mixtures to its definition

-mixture: a physical combination of two or more elements or compounds -homogeneous mixture: a mixture with a uniform composition throughout -heterogeneous mixture: a mixture that is not uniform throughout -solution: a type of homogeneous mixture that is typically composed of a substance in lesser amount dissolved in a substance in greater amount

select all the statements that correctly describe molecules

-molecules are made up of two or more atoms bound together in a discrete arrangement -some molecules are formed by the combination of atoms of only one element

list the steps concerning the development of scientific knowledge in the order in which they occur. the step that occurs first belongs at the top of the list

-obtain data from observation or experiments -recognize patters or trends -propose and test hypotheses -propose theory

match physical and chemical change to the correct definition

-physical change: a process that changes the physical properties of a substance without changing its chemical identity -chemical change: a process in which one or more substances are converted into one or more new substances

match the type of observation given with the correct description

-qualitative observation: an observation based on some quality of the matter -quantitative observation: an observation based on a numerical value

select all the options that represent chemical properties

-reactivity with water -flammability

select all the statements that correctly describe a physical state

-solids, liquids, and gases are examples of physical states of matter -the physical state of a substance depends on the identity of the substance and the external conditions applied

match each description for a temperature conversion to the appropriate equation needed

-solve for a temperature in kelvins given a temperature in degrees celsius: T celsius + 273.15 -solve for a temperature in degrees fahrenheit given a temperature in degrees celsius: 1.8(T celsius) + 32 -solve for a temperature in degrees celsius given a temperature in degrees fahrenheit: (T fahrenheit-32)/1.8

select all the statements that correctly describe facts about elements

-some elements have been synthesized by scientists -elements are building blocks of matter -some elements are isolated from natural sources of earth

select all the options that correctly describe physical properties

-taste -melting point -volume

mass is a measure of the _________ of matter

quantity

gas

takes the shape and the volume of its container, has particles that are widely separated and move independently of one another

liquid

takes the shape of the filled portion of its container, has its own volume, has particles that are randomly arranged and free to move about

select all the statements that correctly describe a chemical formula

-a chemical formula that does not contain subscript numbers consists of a one-to-one ratio of the elements that are present -a chemical formula describes the composition of a compound using the symbols for the elements that make up the compound -a chemical formula uses subscript numbers to show the relative proportions of the elements in the compound

select all the statements that correctly describe elements

-elements can be converted into more complex substances through a chemical reaction with other substances -an element is a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances -an element is a type of pure substance

select all the options that correctly describe density

-the density of an object is the ratio of its mass to its volume -the density of a substance changes with changing temperature

hypothesis

a tentative explanation for the properties or behavior of matter that accounts for a set of observations

scientific method

an approach to asking questions and seeking answers that employs a variety of tools, techniques, and strategies

a person pedals quickly on a spinning bike to light up a computer screen on the bike

mechanical energy is changing to electrical energy

a(n) _________ is a sample of matter that is a combination of two or more pure substances. this combination may vary in its __________

mixture, composition

a ________ consists of two or more ___________ and may vary in composition

mixture, pure substances

select all options that correctly state a metric conversion

-1ng/ 10^-9g -1kg/ 10^3g

select all the equations that represent chemical changes

-C(s) + 02(g) -> CO2(g) -2H2(g) + O2(g) -> 2H2O(g)

select all the statements that correctly describe a pure substance

-a pure substance cannot be separated into components by physical means -a pure substance has the same composition throughout

which of the following statements concerning density are correct

-a solid object with a greater density than a liquid substance will sink in the liquid -in general gases have very low densities because gas particles spread out and occupy large volumes -if the mass and density of a pure substance are known, the volume can be calculated for that substance

which of the following options are examples of homogeneous mixtures? select all that apply

-a well-mixed sample of sugar water -a red sports drink containing sugar, salt, and food coloring

match each term relevant to temperature scales to the correct definition

-boiling point: the temperature at which the liquid form of a substance changes to the gaseous form -melting point: the temperature at which the solid form of a substance changed to the liquid form -absolute zero: the lowest possible temperature in the universe

select all the statements that correctly describe the classification of elements

-elements are generally classified as metals or nonmetals -the difference between a metal and a nonmetal is based on appearance and properties -some elements have properties somewhere between metals and nonmetals

match each energy term to the correct definition

-energy: the capacity to do work or to transfer heat -kinetic energy: the energy of motion -potential energy: the energy possessed by an object because of its position or state

put the following quantities in order of increasing mass. the smallest mass belongs at the top of the list

1 ug 1 mg 1 dg 1 Mg 1 Gg

solve for the mass of 85.4 kg in units of pounds. 1 lb = 453.6 g

1.88 x 10^2 lb

the density of solid gold at room temperature is 19.3 g/ml. given a 45 mg sample of gold, what is the volume in mL

2.3 x 10^-3 mL

calculate the density in units of g/mL of a 4.5g cube with an edge length of 5.5cm

2.7 x 10^2 g/mL

list the following temperature values in order of increasing temperature. the coldest temperature belongs at the top of the list

48 K 48 F 48 C

solve for the volume of 2.5 gallons of juice in units of m^3. 1 gallon = 3.785L

9.5 x 10^-3 m^3

which of the following is the correct element symbol for cobalt

Co

a battery is used to make a toy car move

chemical energy is changing to mechanical energy

a substance composed of two or more elements combined is definite proportions is called a __________

compound

electricity is used to change water into hydrogen and oxygen gases

electrical energy is changing to chemical energy

electricity runs through a stove and heats it up

electrical energy is changing to heat energy

theory

explains why observations, hypotheses, or laws apply under many different circumstances

solid

has a fixed shape, has its own volume, has particles that are fixed in place

a beverage that is not uniform throughout such as tea with tea leaves present is and example of a ___________ mixture. a bereave that is uniform throughout such as a sugar dissolved in water is an example of a _________ mixture

heterogeneous, homogeneous

fill in the missing state symbols following each compound in the following statement. solid sodium chloride, NaCl(___), an be dissolved in a pure liquid water, H2O(___), to make an aqueous solution of sodium chloride, NaCl(___)

s, l, aq

select all the options that correctly describe how energy is involved in chemical reactions

-the conversation of energy from one type to another will occur in the process of a chemical reaction -some spontaneous chemical reactions release energy

describe the notation used for writing an element symbol. select all that apply

-the first letter of an element symbol is uppercase, and the second letter, if present, is lowercase -the element symbol consists of one or two letters of the element's name, which can be the english, latin, or the name in another language

select all the options that correctly describe volume

-volume is the amount of space a substance occupies -the volume of a cube is equal to length multiplied by width multiplied by height -volume is a three-dimensional quantity

select all the options that are examples of physical change(s)

-water evaporates slowly over time -a sample is heated and it melts -a mixture is separated into its components

which of the following correctly describes physical properties

characteristics that can be observed or measured without changing the composition of a substance

law

the behavior of matter that is so consistent that it appears to have universal validity