Connect Assignment: Chapter 1 Matter and Energy
select all the options that correctly display the relationship between 1 milligram and 1 gram
-1g / 10^3mg -10^-3g /1 mg
select all the options that correctly describe chemical properties
-a chemical property of a substance can be defined by what chemical changes it can undergo -a chemical property can be defined by the composition of the substance
match each new approach to scientific inquiry to the correct definition
-combinatorial chemistry: a series of related chemical compounds in systematically prepared and tested for effectiveness -green chemistry: the development of chemical processes that prevent pollution and reduce the amount of natural resources used to manufacture various consumer, research, and industrial products
match each section of the periodic table to the groups or types of elements found in that section
-main-group elements: groups 1,2, and 13-18 -transition elements: groups 3-12 -inner-transition elements: lanthanides and actinides
select all the statements that correctly describe matter
-matter can include both large objects and small objects -matter is anything that occupies spaces and has mass
select all the options that represent general properties of metals
-metals conduct heat -metals conduct electricity -metals are shiny
match each term describing mixtures to its definition
-mixture: a physical combination of two or more elements or compounds -homogeneous mixture: a mixture with a uniform composition throughout -heterogeneous mixture: a mixture that is not uniform throughout -solution: a type of homogeneous mixture that is typically composed of a substance in lesser amount dissolved in a substance in greater amount
select all the statements that correctly describe molecules
-molecules are made up of two or more atoms bound together in a discrete arrangement -some molecules are formed by the combination of atoms of only one element
list the steps concerning the development of scientific knowledge in the order in which they occur. the step that occurs first belongs at the top of the list
-obtain data from observation or experiments -recognize patters or trends -propose and test hypotheses -propose theory
match physical and chemical change to the correct definition
-physical change: a process that changes the physical properties of a substance without changing its chemical identity -chemical change: a process in which one or more substances are converted into one or more new substances
match the type of observation given with the correct description
-qualitative observation: an observation based on some quality of the matter -quantitative observation: an observation based on a numerical value
select all the options that represent chemical properties
-reactivity with water -flammability
select all the statements that correctly describe a physical state
-solids, liquids, and gases are examples of physical states of matter -the physical state of a substance depends on the identity of the substance and the external conditions applied
match each description for a temperature conversion to the appropriate equation needed
-solve for a temperature in kelvins given a temperature in degrees celsius: T celsius + 273.15 -solve for a temperature in degrees fahrenheit given a temperature in degrees celsius: 1.8(T celsius) + 32 -solve for a temperature in degrees celsius given a temperature in degrees fahrenheit: (T fahrenheit-32)/1.8
select all the statements that correctly describe facts about elements
-some elements have been synthesized by scientists -elements are building blocks of matter -some elements are isolated from natural sources of earth
select all the options that correctly describe physical properties
-taste -melting point -volume
mass is a measure of the _________ of matter
quantity
gas
takes the shape and the volume of its container, has particles that are widely separated and move independently of one another
liquid
takes the shape of the filled portion of its container, has its own volume, has particles that are randomly arranged and free to move about
select all the statements that correctly describe a chemical formula
-a chemical formula that does not contain subscript numbers consists of a one-to-one ratio of the elements that are present -a chemical formula describes the composition of a compound using the symbols for the elements that make up the compound -a chemical formula uses subscript numbers to show the relative proportions of the elements in the compound
select all the statements that correctly describe elements
-elements can be converted into more complex substances through a chemical reaction with other substances -an element is a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances -an element is a type of pure substance
select all the options that correctly describe density
-the density of an object is the ratio of its mass to its volume -the density of a substance changes with changing temperature
hypothesis
a tentative explanation for the properties or behavior of matter that accounts for a set of observations
scientific method
an approach to asking questions and seeking answers that employs a variety of tools, techniques, and strategies
a person pedals quickly on a spinning bike to light up a computer screen on the bike
mechanical energy is changing to electrical energy
a(n) _________ is a sample of matter that is a combination of two or more pure substances. this combination may vary in its __________
mixture, composition
a ________ consists of two or more ___________ and may vary in composition
mixture, pure substances
select all options that correctly state a metric conversion
-1ng/ 10^-9g -1kg/ 10^3g
select all the equations that represent chemical changes
-C(s) + 02(g) -> CO2(g) -2H2(g) + O2(g) -> 2H2O(g)
select all the statements that correctly describe a pure substance
-a pure substance cannot be separated into components by physical means -a pure substance has the same composition throughout
which of the following statements concerning density are correct
-a solid object with a greater density than a liquid substance will sink in the liquid -in general gases have very low densities because gas particles spread out and occupy large volumes -if the mass and density of a pure substance are known, the volume can be calculated for that substance
which of the following options are examples of homogeneous mixtures? select all that apply
-a well-mixed sample of sugar water -a red sports drink containing sugar, salt, and food coloring
match each term relevant to temperature scales to the correct definition
-boiling point: the temperature at which the liquid form of a substance changes to the gaseous form -melting point: the temperature at which the solid form of a substance changed to the liquid form -absolute zero: the lowest possible temperature in the universe
select all the statements that correctly describe the classification of elements
-elements are generally classified as metals or nonmetals -the difference between a metal and a nonmetal is based on appearance and properties -some elements have properties somewhere between metals and nonmetals
match each energy term to the correct definition
-energy: the capacity to do work or to transfer heat -kinetic energy: the energy of motion -potential energy: the energy possessed by an object because of its position or state
put the following quantities in order of increasing mass. the smallest mass belongs at the top of the list
1 ug 1 mg 1 dg 1 Mg 1 Gg
solve for the mass of 85.4 kg in units of pounds. 1 lb = 453.6 g
1.88 x 10^2 lb
the density of solid gold at room temperature is 19.3 g/ml. given a 45 mg sample of gold, what is the volume in mL
2.3 x 10^-3 mL
calculate the density in units of g/mL of a 4.5g cube with an edge length of 5.5cm
2.7 x 10^2 g/mL
list the following temperature values in order of increasing temperature. the coldest temperature belongs at the top of the list
48 K 48 F 48 C
solve for the volume of 2.5 gallons of juice in units of m^3. 1 gallon = 3.785L
9.5 x 10^-3 m^3
which of the following is the correct element symbol for cobalt
Co
a battery is used to make a toy car move
chemical energy is changing to mechanical energy
a substance composed of two or more elements combined is definite proportions is called a __________
compound
electricity is used to change water into hydrogen and oxygen gases
electrical energy is changing to chemical energy
electricity runs through a stove and heats it up
electrical energy is changing to heat energy
theory
explains why observations, hypotheses, or laws apply under many different circumstances
solid
has a fixed shape, has its own volume, has particles that are fixed in place
a beverage that is not uniform throughout such as tea with tea leaves present is and example of a ___________ mixture. a bereave that is uniform throughout such as a sugar dissolved in water is an example of a _________ mixture
heterogeneous, homogeneous
fill in the missing state symbols following each compound in the following statement. solid sodium chloride, NaCl(___), an be dissolved in a pure liquid water, H2O(___), to make an aqueous solution of sodium chloride, NaCl(___)
s, l, aq
select all the options that correctly describe how energy is involved in chemical reactions
-the conversation of energy from one type to another will occur in the process of a chemical reaction -some spontaneous chemical reactions release energy
describe the notation used for writing an element symbol. select all that apply
-the first letter of an element symbol is uppercase, and the second letter, if present, is lowercase -the element symbol consists of one or two letters of the element's name, which can be the english, latin, or the name in another language
select all the options that correctly describe volume
-volume is the amount of space a substance occupies -the volume of a cube is equal to length multiplied by width multiplied by height -volume is a three-dimensional quantity
select all the options that are examples of physical change(s)
-water evaporates slowly over time -a sample is heated and it melts -a mixture is separated into its components
which of the following correctly describes physical properties
characteristics that can be observed or measured without changing the composition of a substance
law
the behavior of matter that is so consistent that it appears to have universal validity