Conservation EXAM 1

Most conservation biologist would place the estimate of the total number of eukaryotic species on Earth into which of the categories below?

2 billion to 100 billion

Many conservation biologists would agree that we are entering the ________ mass extinction event

6th

What is the current human population on Earth?

7.4 billion

3 big drivers w/ examples

Agriculture activities - cattling ranches Development - urban expansion frequently happens Extraction - Escondida Copper Mine, Chile

Which item(s) from the list below is an ecosystem services?

All of the above: Food Pollination Ecotourism Nutrient cycling

Define Indirect use value

Assigned to benefits provided by biodiversity that do not induced harvesting or destroying the resource. Provide current value

Define direct use values

Assigned to products harvested by people. Consumptive or productive or non-consumptive

Define Conservation

Con is when your trying to concerve the ecosystem or animals even if it has changes for survival

________ is the ecosystem service that best describes the nonmaterial benefits you would get from taking a walk at Rice Creek.

Cultural Services

4 economic values

Direct use value Indirect use value Option value Existence Value

List and define the 3 ethical worldviews

Eccentric is when its benefits only the ecosystem and not the humans Biocentric is when the species or ecosystem are taken to mind closely Anthropocentric is when it benefits the people as well as the animals ecosystem

which of the following ethical worldviews considers the integrity of ecological systems not just individual animals or species?

Ecocentric worldview

Explain the tragedy of the commons in terms of costs and benefits to the individual and to society

Even so, multiple individuals actingin their own self-interest can destroy a shared resource. The common was used as a metaphors for the Earth and its growing human population

A biocentric view point emphasizes the value of the entire functioning ecosystem

False

A species that persists in reduced numbers and minimally effects other species in the community is considered to be

Functionally extinct

The organization responsible for evaluating and classifying species according to their extinction risk is the

International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)

The co-founder for the society of conservation Biology was ________. They were also responsible for developing th 4 postulates of Conservation Biology

Michaek Soule

__________ is the primary chemical pollutants responsible for eutrophication

Nitrogen

Define option value

Prospect for possible future benefit for human society

Define Biodiversity and include the levels it is considered on

Refers to the variety of life on Earth at all its levels from enes to ecosystems and can encompass the evolutionary, ecological and cultural processes that sustain life.

Explain the difference between Intrinsic and Instrumental criteria for gauging values

Something w/ intrinsic value has value in and as itself for its own sake. Instrumental value is variable for being useful. Something with instrumental value is valued because it helps one to actualise some other goal or purpose whose value relative to the instrumental item is intrinsic.

Of the four ecosystem services which best describe the benefit, we receive from having a backyard compost pile?

Supporting services

Define Conservtaion Biology. List he 3 guiding principles of Conservtaion Biology.

Sustainable use and management of natural resources including wildlife, water, air and earth deposits

If extinction occurs naturally why are conservation biologists concerned?

That it is cause of humans interfering w/ the process that they are excellorating the extinction process

Globally where is is species richness highest? Why? Provide an example of a specific threat to parts of this region as discussed in class

That would be Brazil, The Amazon rainforest due to the vast number of species of animals/organisms and plant due to the climate of the rain, humidity for all these species to thrive

What geographic area is currently being deforested at the highest rate worldwide?

Tropics

Pets can have ecological "pawprints" that are equal to or larger than, a vehicle's "treadpints"

True

We can't protect what we don't know exists, i.e., accurate identification of species is vital for conserving biodiversity

True

Describe one thing that you learned from Anna-maria easley's guest ;ecture. How did/will the information she provides benefit you?

What she said benefits me b/c how she made the connections that she did so her career can fluroish. It benefits me that I too can make theses resources with the educators that have been provided to me already

The term 'sustainability' in ecological economics is used to describe __________.

amount of consumption maintained indefinitely w/out degrading capital stocks

A species that creates or significantly modifies habitats is called a

ecosystem engineer

Define Existence value

non-use values assigned to biodiversity (how much will people pay to prevent a species from going extinct)

The 3 characteristics that influence a species vulnerability to endangerment are

small population size geographic range population size

Which measure of biodiversity determines the number of species in an area

species richness

Define habitat degradation

suite of human activities that make the remaining habitat patches less conductive to life. Impacts that affect nearly all species; time scale for recovery is very long

Define Habitat Loss

the compete elimination of habitats along w/ biological communities and ecological function

Define Preservation

when they are trying to preserve so there is no human changes that needs to be required