CPR Study Questions

You should take no longer than _____ second(s) to assess breathing.

10

When two or more BLS Providers attempt to resuscitate a child, use a compression-to-ventilation ratio of ______________________.

15 compressions to 2 rescue breaths

Cold application decreases bleeding, swelling, pain, and disability associated with bone, joint, and muscle injuries. Cooling is best accomplished with _________.

A plastic bag filled with a mixture of ice and water.

To open the airway with a jaw thrust, position yourself:

Above the patient's head.

You are the only BLS Provider responding to witnessed collapse of a 11-year-old child during a softball game. The scene is safe. You have taken standard precautions. The patient is unresponsive and gasping occasionally. You do not feel a carotid pulse. An AED is within sight. What should you do?

Activate EMS and/or your EAP and get the AED.

You are assisting a responsive, breathing worker who was caught between a backhoe and a concrete wall. The person has consented to first aid. The scene is safe. You have taken standard precautions. You have an AED and a first aid kit. You notice that the person is sweaty and cool. They have no difficulty breathing, but complain of abdominal pain, and of being cold and thirsty. What would you do?

Activate EMS and/or your EAP. Help the person lie down. Cover them to help maintain body temperature.

You are a designated first aid provider responding to a request for help for a guest complaining of a headache and dizziness in the main reception area. The scene is safe. You have taken standard precautions. The responsive, breathing person has consented to first aid by nodding agreeably. Another first aid provider is bringing the first aid kit, emergency oxygen, and an AED. The person is unable to describe the current problem other than repeating, "Headache. Dizzy." There is no medical identification jewelry. There is no face droop or arm drift. You ask the person to repeat the phrase, "The grass is green." Their words come out all jumbled. What would you do?

Activate EMS and/or your EAP. Stay with the person until EMS arrives.

You are a designated first aid provider responding to a worksite alert for a team member having a seizure. The scene is safe. You have taken standard precautions. As you arrive, an untrained coworker tells you that the seizure just ended. The person is unresponsive and breathing. There are no life-threatening injuries. A silicone medical ID bracelet states, "EDUARDO LEONARD. EPILEPSY. ON TEGRETOL. ICE 555-559-1883." As you prepare to place the person on their side in the recovery position, their body stiffens, and rhythmic jerking movements begin. What would you do?

Activate EMS and/or your EAP. Time the seizure.

You are a first aid provider responding to request for assistance over your two-way radio for a team member with trouble breathing in the break room. The scene is safe. You have taken standard precautions. The person is responsive, wheezing, and coughing. They are having some difficulty speaking. "I'm...having...an...an... asthma...flare...up." They consent to first aid by nodding. They do not have their inhaler. What would you do?

Activate EMS or you EAP and get the first aid kit and AED.

First Aid is the initial care provided for __________.

Acute illness and injury

You are a designated first aid provider responding to a call for help over your two-way radio for a tree trimmer stung by wasps. The scene is safe. You see a person sitting in a bucket truck. The person, speaking in a hoarse voice, says they were cutting a limb and disturbed a wasp nest. They got stung multiple times in the face and throat. The persons eyes, lips, and face are rapidly swelling. They are wheezing and coughing. EMS has been activated. You have disposable gloves and a first aid kit. They carry an Epipen, but don't remember how to use it. What would you do?

Administer an injection of epinephrine, using the auto-injector.

You are trained first aid provider responding to a wireless emergency alert for "an injured person." As you reach the scene, you see a machinist sitting on a workbench holding their hand over their bloody forearm. The person is responsive and consents to first aid. Blood flows continuously from a deep, irregular, and jagged tear in the forearm. You are wearing safety glasses and disposable gloves. You have a first aid kit with a 10 pack of sterile 4" x 4" gauze sponges, but no hemostatic dressings or a tourniquet. What would you do?

Apply the gauze sponges onto the wound. Push down hard.

You are a trained first aid provider responding to a call over your two-way radio to assist a grounds maintenance worker who is feeling ill after heavy physical work in extremely hot and humid weather. A coworker has sent the person to rest under a tree. The scene is safe. You have taken standard precautions. The person is unresponsive and breathing. Their body, arms, and legs are all jerking, and they have lost bladder control. Your EAP and EMS have been activated. You have a first aid kit and an AED. What would you do?

Begin immediate cooling with the resources available to you.

Fewer and shorter interruptions in chest compressions are associated with _______________.

Better outcomes

Teamwork in high-performance resuscitation requires the use of _____________________.

Clear and effective communication

You are assisting a responsive, breathing staff member. The person has a large deep slash across their abdomen from flying shrapnel following an explosion of combustive dust in the dust collection system. Their intestines are sticking out of the wounds. The responsive person has consented to first aid. The scene is safe. You have taken standard precautions. Your EAP has been activated. You have an AED, a first aid kit, and clean water. What would you do?

Cover the protruding organs with sterile gauze moistened with clean water.

You are a trained first aid provider responding to a First Aid Alert received on your smart phone for a person needing medical assistance. As you approach, a bystander directs you to a person who was struck by a forklift truck that was attempting to pass by. The scene is safe. You have taken standard precautions. EMS has been activated. You have a First aid kit. The person is responsive, breathing, and holding their misshapen leg in obvious pain. You ask, "May I help you?" The person angrily says, "No I'll be fine." What would you do?

Don't touch or give first aid to the person without consent.

You are responding to a request for first aid assistance in the lunchroom. As you approach, you find a panicky Assistant Manager attempting to calm a frightened staff member who is noticeably wheezing between frequent hard coughs. The Assistant Manager shouts, "He's choking on a hot dog! Please help him." The scene is safe. You have taken standard precautions. The facility's EAP has been activated. What would you do?

Encourage the person to continue coughing.

You are a responding to a text alert for an associate acting strangely. The scene is safe. You have taken standard precautions. The person is responsive and breathing. Your EAP has been activated. You have a first aid kit and an AED. You introduce yourself and ask if you can help. The person is sweating, confused, and saying that an evil spirit plans to harm them. As a designated first aid provider, your employer has previously disclosed to you that the person has type 2 diabetes and might require emergency treatment. What would you do?

Encourage the person to swallow about 1 1/4 U.S tablespoons (20 gm) oral glucose.

Too many rescue breaths too quickly or breaths that are too large is _______________________, which can be harmful.

Excessive ventilation

You are assisting a responsive, breathing apprentice technician who was sprayed in the face by caustic liquid while performing maintenance on the drain of a liquid chemical storage tank. The scene is safe. You have taken standard precautions. EMS has been activated. You have an AED and a first aid kit. The person says, "It's burning. Help me, I can't see!" What would you do?

Flood the face and eyes with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes.

You are helping a responsive, breathing coworker in the first aid room who has consented to first aid after tripping and falling. The person has minimal bleeding from scrapes to both elbows. First is embedded in both wounds. The scene is safe. You have taken standard precautions. There are no other obvious injuries. What would you do?

Flush the wounds with a large volume of warm or room temperature water.

Which of the following is the common AED pad placement for an infant?

Front-and-back placement, center of the chest

You are a trained first aid provider assisting a fellow utility crew person who is complaining of painfully numb fingers after working in cold, snowy weather for several hours in a rural area. The scene is safe. You have taken standard precautions. EMS has been activated. EMS response time is estimated at about 15 minutes. The person is responsive and breathing. They consent to first aid. Their fingers look frozen, white, and feel very hard. You have a first aid kit and an AED. What would you do?

Get them to a warmer place. Dry the skin. Remove constrictive jewelry.

You are assisting a responsive, breathing associate who fell from a ladder while performing routine maintenance. The person has consented to first aid. The scene is safe. You have taken standard precautions. EMS has been activated. You have an AED and a first aid kit. The person complains of back pain and a "stinging feeling" in the arms and legs. What would you do?

Have the person remain as still as possible.

You are a designated first aid provider responding to a call from the worksite emergency notification system for a person with trouble breathing in a ship center office. The scene is safe. You have taken standard precautions. The person is responsive, sweating, frightened, and breathing rapidly. They say "I feel faint. I think I'm having a heart attack." They consent to first aid. EMS has been activated. Another first aid provider is bringing an AED and a first aid kit. What would you do?

Help them loosen any restrictive clothing. Be prepared to provide CPR.

You are responding to a shout for help from Outpatient Services. As you approach, you find a distraught teen holding a pale, 2-month-old infant. "I was feeding him. He started choking. Oh please - please - help him." The scene is safe. You have taken standard precautions. The responsive infant is coughing weakly and making a whistling sound when inhaling. You have activated your facility's EAP. What should you do now?

Hold the infant facedown over your forearm and give 5 back slaps.

You are a first aid provider responding to a worksite emergency alert for a machine operator with chest pain in the packaging area. The scene is safe. You have taken standard precautions. The responsive, breathing person has consented to first aid. Your EAP has been activated. EMS is on the way. Another first aid provider has arrived with the first aid kit and an AED. The person complains of an achy feeling in the chest and both arms. They also say that they feel lightheaded but strongly reject the idea that they may be having a heart attack. What would you do?

If they have no aspirin allergy, encourage them to chew and swallow an aspirin tablet.

You are assisting a responsive, breathing fellow worker whose arm was amputated below the elbow after becoming caught in the conveyor belt drive sprocket. The person has consented to first aid. The scene is safe. You have taken standard precautions. Your EAP has activated EMS. You have an AED and a first aid kit with a manufactured tourniquet. Blood is gushing from the wound and pooling on the plant floor. What would you do?

Immediately control the bleeding using a manufactured tourniquet.

You are the only BLS Provider responding to "baby not breathing." A panic-stricken grandparent says they put the baby down for a regular nap and discovered her not breathing 3 hours later. The scene is safe. You have taken standard precautions. The infant is unresponsive. You have activated EMS and/or your EAP. Other providers are on the way with an AED. The infant is not breathing. There is no brachial pulse. The infant's lips are blue. The extremities are cool. What should you do?

Immediately start high-quality CPR, beginning with chest compressions.

You are a designated first aid provider who has been called to assist an injured marine researcher. The scene is safe. You have taken standard precautions. The person is responsive and breathing. They consent to first aid. They complain of severe pain after accidentally stepping on a stingray. A barb-like spine is stuck in the top of the person's foot. Some minor bleeding has stopped on its own. You have a first aid kit and an AED. What would you do?

Immerse the foot in water as hot as the person can tolerate for at least 30 minutes.

You are assisting a responsive, breathing main office receptionist who was stabbed in the chest by a disgruntled ex-employee. the person has consented to first aid. The scene is safe. You have taken standard precautions. You have an AED and a first aid kit. EMS is on the way. The frightened victim is complaining of shortness of breath and chest pain. You expose the wound. There is bloody bubbling around the world. The person is sweaty and cool. You have not been formally trained in the use of vented chest seals. What would you do?

Leave the chest wound exposed, without a dressing or seal.

You are a BLS provider assessing an unresponsive adult. The scene is safe, and you have taken standard precautions. When you assess for breathing and pulse, you definitely feel a pulse and see the person is breathing normally. You should:

Maintain an open airway.

Which of the following is true when opening an infant airway to provide rescue breaths?

Maintain the head in a neutral "sniffing" position when using the head tilt - chin lift.

Which of the following best describes the use of naloxone?

Naloxone is an opioid antagonist; it can reverse and block the effects of opioids.

Pale, gray/ashen, sweaty, cool skin, and/or blue-tinged nail beds and lips, are a result of _________.

Not enough circulating red blood cells.

You are a designated first aid provider responding to a call from your workplace emergency alert system for people passed out in the processing room. EMS has been activated. Upon your arrival, you can see several cleaning crew members lying on the floor, apparently unconscious, in the enclosed space. Two gasoline power washers are running unattended. What would you do?

Not enter the space, unless properly trained and equipped. Keep others away.

You are assisting a responsive, breathing mountain biker who has consented to first aid following a crash. The person has minor bleeding from their lips and in their mouth. A tooth has been knocked out. A bystander points to the dirty tooth lying in dusty, loose gravel. The scene is safe. You have taken standard precautions. There are no other obvious injuries. What would you do?

Pick up the tooth by the chewing surface, gently rinse it with water.

You are assisting a responsive, breathing associate who has consented to first aid for a spontaneous nosebleed. The scene is safe. You have taken standard precautions. There are no other obvious injuries. What would you do?

Pinch the soft portion of the nose with your thumb and index finger.

You are assisting a responsive, breathing coworker who has consented to first aid following a fall from the 2nd floor. The person has been impaled across (not through) the chest by a 36 in (91 cm) iron construction rod. The scene is safe. You have taken standard precautions. EMS has been activated. Another coworker is getting the AED and the first aid kit. There is slight external bleeding from around the rod. There are no other obvious injuries. What would you do?

Place sterile bulky dressings over the wound and around the object to stabilize it in place.

To locate the femoral pulse:

Place two or three fingers midway between the hip bone and pubic bone, just below the crease where the leg joins the torso.

You are a lone BLS Provider responding to a possible adult cardiac arrest. The scene is safe. You have taken standard precautions. The patient is unresponsive. You have activated EMS and/or your EAP. Other providers are on the way. You have an AED. The patient is occasionally gasping. You do not feel a carotid pulse. What should you do?

Power on the AED. Apply adult pads to the patient's bare chest.

The first link in the out-of-hospital pediatric chains of survival is:

Prevention of causes of cardiac arrest, respiratory failure, or respiratory arrest.

When two or more BLS providers attempt to resuscitate an infant:

Provider 1 delivers high-quality compressions while Provider 2 delivers effective breaths.

When the lower chambers of the heart beat too quickly or quiver, the heart cannot pump blood. These abnormal heart rhythms, or dysrhythmias, are known as ___________________ and _________________________.

Pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT), ventricular fibrillation (VF)

You have been asked to assist a coworker who seems disoriented, is untypically belligerent, and is saying bizarre and inappropriate things. As you reach the scene, the person crumples onto the office floor. The scene is safe. You have taken standard precautions. The person is unresponsive and breathing normally. EMS has been activated. Another first aid provider is bringing an AED and a first aid kit. What would you do?

Put the person on their side in the recovery position.

You are a trained first aid provider responding to a request for passenger assistance. Upon arrival at the airport security checkpoint, you are directed to an older adult who has been standing in a long security line. The scene is safe. You have taken standard precautions. The person is responsive and breathing and still standing. You have a first aid kit and an AED. You introduce yourself and ask if you can help. The person consents and says, "Sorry, I'm just feeling really dizzy." They appear hot, clammy, and sweaty. What would you do?

Quickly help them into a safe position.

Being able to assess and prioritize the need for first aid requires being able to __________.

Recognize life-threatening conditions.

You are assisting a responsive, breathing team member who was hit in the head by a falling piece of lumber from an upper landing on the worksite. The scene is safe. You have taken standard precautions. You have an AED and a first aid kit. The person has consented to first aid. The person looks dazed and is a little confused about what happened. They complain of a headache and "some blurriness." There are no open injuries. A supervisor wants to know if the person can return to work. What would you do?

Recommend the person be evaluated by a healthcare provider or EMS providers ASAP.

You are a lone BLS Provider responding to a possible cardiac arrest. The scene is safe. You have taken standard precautions. An untrained bystander heard the person collapse. You have activated EMS and/or your EAP. Other providers are on the way. An AED is located in the building, about 3 minutes away. The adult patient is unresponsive and making gurgling sounds. You do not feel a carotid pulse. You have a CPR mask with a one-way valve. What should you do?

Send the bystander to get the AED. Start high-quality CPR.

You are using a bag-mask device to ventilate a 16-year-old in cardiac arrest who collapsed suddenly during a soccer game. An endotracheal tube has been placed by an advanced life support provider on the resuscitation team. Proper ventilation technique in the situation requires that you:

Squeeze the bag to deliver 1 breath every 6 seconds.

You are assisting a responsive, breathing carpenter who has consented to first aid after being struck in the eye by a piece of a stainless-steel staple. The staple piece is embedded in the person's eye. The scene is safe. You have taken standard precautions. Your EAP has been activated. Another coworker is getting the first aid kit. The eye is red, watery, and swollen. There are no other obvious injuries. What would you do?

Stabilize the object to prevent additional injury.

You and another BLS Provider have responded to a call for a 5-month-old infant with trouble breathing. The scene is safe. You have taken standard precautions. The infant is unresponsive and gasping. You have activated EMS and/or activate your EAP. A weak brachial pulse at about 40 beats per minute is felt. Other BLS Providers are a few minutes away with an AED. What should you do?

Start high-quality CPR.

You are in the airway position of your BLS team providing bag-mask ventilation for a 6-year-old child pulled unresponsive from a swimming pool. A carotid pulse at about 100 beats per minute is definitely felt. Proper bag-mask ventilation requires that you:

Stop ventilating as soon as you see the chest rise.

Four BLS Providers have been performing CPR on an adult cardiac arrest patient for 18 minutes. The last switch in roles was only about a minute ago, but the compressor says, "I'm exhausted." What should they do?

Switch out the compressor.

This technique may be useful for larger infants or when the BLS Provider has difficulty compressing the appropriate depth.

The Heel of One Hand Technique

Do not apply child pads to patients 8 years of age and older because:

The energy level of the shock will be too low.

This BLS program is intended to:

Train BLS providers in resuscitation, in the context of your setting, and prepare you to recognize cardiac arrest in patients of all ages

Implied consent usually occurs when _________.

You are unable to communicate with the person.

When chest compressions stop, blood flow ______________________ significantly.

decreases