Create Imagine Play FINAL
The child has basic skills for presenting their own ideas and experiments of reality/experiences in symbolic form around ages
1-2
Pseudo-Naturalistic Stage, Age of Reasoning
11-14, Critically aware of own shortcomings in art; closer to correct proportions; cartooning popular; facial expressions vary for meaning
Developing Peace
14 Cows for America by Carmen Agra Deedy with Wilson Kimeli Naiyomah
scribbling stage
2-4, Starts out as being done for purely kinesthetic pleasure; relates marks to things they know; images are assigned meaning, but the meaning may change over time.
approximately what percent of your brain is visual processing?
25
how much of the time when we are awake do we daydream?
25%
According to the study: Arts Foster Scientific Success: Avocations of Nobel, National Academy, Royal Society, and Sigma Xi Members Science Nobel Laureates are how many times as likely to have arts and crafts avocations as general scientists or the public?
3
Preschematic Stage
4-7, Emerging human form; Head and torso with arms attached; images placed haphazardly in space; colors of choice (not realistic), one symbol may represent many ideas
At what age does the "meaning making" art process begin?
7-9
schematic stage
7-9, Form of the concept/person is repeated; establishment of a baseline; very little or no overlapping for depth; X-ray drawings.
Gang Stage: Dawning Realism
9-12, Disappearance of a baseline; objects overlap for depth; less exaggerated disproportion of the human form; greater awareness of clothing details; self-conscious of own drawings.
Who said this about how to define abstraction? "...the possibility of considering as object or group of objects under one viewpoint while disregarding all other properties of the object. The essence of abstraction consists of singling out one feature, which, in contrast to other properties, is considered to be particularly important." (Root-Bernstein & Root-Bernstein (1999). Sparks of genius, pp. 72-73)
A physicist
This Japanese origamist has been credited for helping to popularize it in the 20th century, developing a picture-based set of instructions that served as a universal language, fostering collaborations between artists and scientists.
Akira Yoshizawa
Gender and Families
And Tango Makes Three by Peter Parnell and Justin Richardson
According to Beverly Gerber in your reading from Reaching and Teaching Students with Special Need through Art, the trouble shooting process in adapting lessons for special needs students includes all EXCEPT:
Anticipating "Murphy's Law."
contextualism
Art is a social communication system, looking at the aspects of the world in which it was created.
Some of the characteristics of children who draw as "Meaning Makers" include (mark all that apply).
Because of their cognitive advances, children are able to write and tell more elaborate stories based on their drawings., Children begin to use emergent writing., The work can include drawing, scribbling, creating letter-forms, or creating random strings of letters, all used—sometimes even simultaneously—in the child's attempt to communicate an idea.
6th grade
Begin to study global connections
Some of the characteristics of children who draw as "Meaning Makers" include (mark all that apply).
Children begin to use emergent writing., The work can include drawing, scribbling, creating letter-forms, or creating random strings of letters, all used—sometimes even simultaneously—in the child's attempt to communicate an idea,. Because of their cognitive advances, children are able to write and tell more elaborate stories based on their drawings.
ages 5-12
Complex play-acting of social roles or characters. Re-enactment of stories heard or read in books
One of the main points in the article, "You Can Hide, But You Can't Run: Interdisciplinary and Culturally Sensitive Approaches to Mask Making," by Ballengee-Morris & Taylor is that "Learning how to make connections and not see subjects or people in isolated, unrelated ways is a lifelong skill that is vitally important for our students to learn." One example of how they facilitated this process for the students is to
Discuss students' ideas about themes, Issues and interests
According to Clarie Golomb in the reading, "Child art in context: A Cultural and Comparative Perspective," the following are the main sources of the differences seen in children's art between cultures and geography include: (mark all that apply).
Emphasis on types of art forms in the culture, Visual culture, Approach to art pedagogy
1st-2nd grade
Explore self and their relationship with and to family.
4th grade
Exploring their state
ages 7-12
For some children, the invention of imaginary worlds takes place in the context of private play or play shared with a few others.
Reasoning about art.
Improvement of reasoning about scientific images and concepts
Drawing
Improvements in content, elaboration and organization of writing.
Instruction in art
Increased development of reading readiness (and computer readiness)
Visualization Training
Increased sophistication of reading skills/interpretation of text.
Empathy is an underlying factor for the 21st Century _______________
Learning & Innovation Skills
Anchor Standard 8: Interpret intent and meaning in artistic work. Enduring Understanding: People gain insights into meanings of artworks by engaging in the process of art criticism. Essential Question(s): How can the viewer "read" a work of art as text? 3rd Benchmark: Interpret art by analyzing use of media to create subject matter, characteristics of form, & mood.
Literacy. RL. (Grade 3).7 Explain how specific aspects of a text's illustrations contribute to what is conveyed by the words in a story (e.g., create mood, emphasize aspects of character or setting).
Although there are some positive reasons to allow children to borrow or copy art images there are several reasons copying may impede art development. Which is NOT one of the reasons copying may impede art development?
Mastery of conventional ways of drawing
Understanding of Other Cultures
My Painted House, My Friendly Chicken, and Me by Maya Angelou and Margaret Courtney-Clark
5th grade
National histories and culture
"...the creation of new thoughts or ideas are not determined 'by encounters with the environment, but are constructed within the individual himself... the essential thing is that in order for a child to understand something, he must construct it himself, he must reinvent it.'" Which theorist said this?
Piaget
What does P.L. 94-142 (now IDEA) mandate?
Placement of children with disabilities in the least restrictive learning environment
VISUAL ARTS - Creating Anchor Standard 1: Generate and conceptualize artistic ideas and work. Enduring Understanding: Creativity and innovative thinking are essential life skills that can be developed. 3rd Grade Benchmark: Elaborate on an imaginative idea.
Reading & Writing Standards for Literature K-5. Benchmark Grade 3: W.3.3 Write narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective details, and clear event sequences.
Visual Arts Responding Anchor Standard 7: Perceive and analyze artistic work. Enduring Understanding: Visual imagery influences understanding of and responses to the world. 3rd Grade Benchmark: Determine messages communicated by an image.
Reading Standards for Literature K-5, Example from Grade 3: RL.3.4 Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, distinguishing literal from nonliteral language.
K. Danko-McGhee & R. Slutsky (2007) discuss children as "Meaning Makers" and indicate this is usually seen at which stage of development?
Schematic Stage (ages 7-9)
ages 2-6
Simple substitution of one object for another. Animation of inanimate things.
"That doesn't look like any person I've ever seen!" At what stage of cognitive development in Aesthetic Experience is this individual?
Stage 2 - Beauty and Realism - Age 10
In the lecture on collaborative art and social issues, which of the following is an example of a collaborative project we looked at that helped students understand and engage in the interconnectedness of community
Students grouped in a heart-shaped formation on a football field
3rd grade
Study community
formalism
Study of art by analyzing the way objects are made and their purely visual aspects and emphasizes compositional elements.
A simple animation device that is a two-sided disk with images the "fit" together when the disk is flipped rapidly.
Thaumatrope
Environmental Awareness
The Great Kapok Tree: A Tale of the Amazon Rain Forest by Lynne Cherry
Acceptance of Others/Individuality
The Sneetches and other Stories by Dr. Seuss
Which of the concepts in Ten Lessons the Arts Teach, Elliott Eisner (2002) and highlighted in the lecture, is something to keep in mind, especially when working with student who are very young or have learning differences/disabilities?
The arts help children learn to say what cannot be said.
normative
The basis of this reality is the exploration of roles and good and evil in the eyes of the child. You may see a conflict or resolution between a "right" side and a "wrong" side. This based on a reality of standards concerning the implicit and explicit rules by which an individual or a society behaves.
archeological
The reality of the self, explores questions like Who am I? What am I? What will I be?
prophetic
The reality that portrays images of future selves & actions, inventions and created worlds.
common
The reality that refers to the familiar and everyday perceptions and experiences of objects (a drawing of a vase of flowers or other things in the environment) and events that humans share.
In the reading on Art and Social Justice, according to Donahue, Stuart, Elkin, and Mistry (2010), artists have raised a number of issues and questions related to social justice. They have made visible and helped define people's identities (observe & express), particularly those on the margins of power. And, they have named and documented injustice (reflect). What is the third main issue/question related to social justice that some artists address through their work?
They have provided alternative perspectives
What 3 basic questions do we ask when looking at art? Mark the correct 3 answers.
What is it?, what does it mean?, what is its value?
Referring to the article, "You Can Hide, But You Can't Run: Interdisciplinary and Culturally Sensitive Approaches to Mask Making," when do forms of cultural re-representation become especially problematic and conflictive?
When images and objects have significant, sacred, or spiritual meaning for the social group from which they are appropriated, When the original, cultural intent of an object is disregarded or over simplified, When images/ objects are used in a fashion that misrepresents or maligns the original social group, (ALL THE ABOVE)
Kindness to Others
Zen Shorts by Jon J. Muth
This tool, called _____________________, has a hardened steel point used to punch sewing holes through book board and layers of paper.
a awl awl an awl
In the lecture, "Art Appreciation and Art Museum," which of the following is NOT a benefit of visiting and art museum?
a glimpse of past, present, future; inspiration for creative work, experience of a variety of cultures and diversity
Children who are gifted in art typically exhibit the following behavior
a rage to master
The type of paint was used in making prints during Week 2 Studio. This polymer based paint the can be used for painting and printmaking. It is relatively permanent and will stain clothing.
acrylic paint
When does imagination typically start to emerge?
age 2
Although this U-shaped decline in creativity can occur at any point, generally it occurs around the ages of
ages 8-11
According to Polster ("Artful Teaching") who are the art makers?
all of us
The spontaneous perception of connections and meaningfulness of unrelated phenomena (such as conspiracy theories, magic tricks) is called
apophenia
In art, this term refers to creating art without conscious thought, accessing material from the unconscious mind as part of the creative process.
automatism
According to experts from the Tate Gallery, the term abstraction can be applied to art that is It is also applied to art that uses forms, such as geometric shapes or gestural marks, which have no source at all in an external visual reality. Some artists of this 'pure' abstraction have preferred terms such as concrete art or non-objective art,
based an object, figure or landscape, where forms have been simplified, "pure abstraction" called concrete art, based an object, figure or landscape, where forms have been schematized, art that uses forms, such as geometric shapes or gestural marks, which have no source at all in an external visual reality
contradiction
beyond different narratives, the words and pictures seem to assert the opposite of each other
A hand-tool used in printing and printmaking to spread ink or paint on the plate.
brayer
Art education and 21st Century Student Outcomes go hand-in-hand, especially with regard to the 4C's of Learning and Innovation Skills. Three of these are creativity, communication and critical thinking. What is the fourth C?
collaboration
According to Heck (2001) in the second chapter from Artful Teaching, what is required when creating an environment where multicultural identities and social justice are explored? (Select all that apply.)
collaboration, risk-taking, intrapersonal dialogue, problem solving, criticism and judgement, interpersonal dialogue
The best time to seek feedback on your assignments is
during work time in class or office hours
enhancement
each extends the meaning of the other
complementary
each provides imformation
During childhood play and drawing, a child experiments with self-images and images of otherness. Psychologists call this the
ego-ideal
According to the chapter on Art and Literacy, there are certain design principles/concepts that are important not only to art but writing as well. These include (mark all that apply)
emphasis, dominance, point of view
According to Clements, R. D., Wachowiak, F. (2010) in the chapter on Art and Literacy, observation, critical thinking and communication skills are mainly developed through learning to drawing and make art, not through discussion of art.
false
According to G.W. Paget (in "Child Art in Context," by Golomb, 2002), there are some visual differences across cultures, as well as differences in the structural characteristics of children's art development as well.
false
According to the reading on Troubleshooting an Art Lesson from Reaching and Teaching (Gerber & Guy, 2006),the right kind of motivation will overcome a learning deficit.
false
Andreasen mentions several studies in this chapter that point to the realization that by age 25 it is too late to continue training the brain once it is past the critical periods of childhood and young adulthood development.
false
Based on the work of Anna Mary Robertson Moses (Grandma Moses), art development stops by the time that an individual is in their early 20's
false
Children's invented human forms are directly taught to the next generation.
false
Cultural assimilation does not influence a child's drawing content or process.
false
Engagement with nonviolent virtual games, books, movies, board games, and virtual simulations are the best ways to help develop a child's creativity and imagination. These often lead to the invention of a child's own world.
false
Lowenfeld's stages of art development are absolutes and cannot be skipped or reversed.
false
The best approach to mask making and learning about other cultures is to do a project about making an African mask.
false
There is a direct connection between childhood Worldplay and adult creativity.
false
Traditional coloring books offer only passive activity or stress-relieving processes. "Anti-coloring books" provide opportunities for creative and artistic development because they have blank pages to fill in.
false
Visual thinking benefits people in only certain professions (such as art and engineering).
false
prophetic reality themes are only a part of children's artwork, adult artists "outgrow" this theme
false
visual symbolism starts after a child learns to communicate with words and numbers
false
A sharp, tapered-blade tool used for cutting and trimming clay or other materials. Used in bookmaking to cut paper. This tool is called a
fettling tool fettling knife
The creativity theory developed by Csikszentmihalyi (1988) describes the phenomenon of optimal experience as being a state in which (during and activity) the individual loses track of time, there is a good match between challenge and ability/skills, the activity is enjoyable for its own sake, and there is a sense of control over the outcome of the activity. What is the term for this theory?
flow
A ______________ tool is used to make creases and folds in paper, cardstock, and other fold-able media
folding bone bone tool bone
Which of the following have been designed with an important component of origami?
heart stent, telescope, solar panel, air bags, self-functioning robots
The "Thinking Tool" discussed in the Root-Bernstein article, "What Mr. Spock Can Teach Us..." and described as: The ability to recreate sensory impressions and feelings in our minds in the absence of extrinsic or direct physical stimulation from our eyes, ears, nose, tongue, hands or body.
imaging
In Lowenfeld's stages, which of the following in NOT a sub-stage of the scribbling stage?
imitation
When it comes to TV, movies, video games and other projected, passive media in general, children often have a difficult time separating reality from make-believe-- especially in the case of media violence. Grossman & DeGaetano (2014) identify the effects of media violence. Mark all that apply.
increased aggression, desensitization to real-life and screen violence, increased fear, increased appetite for violence
How is empathy defined by Root-Bernsteins as one of the The Thirteen Creative Thinking Tools?
integrating i and it
Which of the following is NOT one of the outcomes of asking children questions about their drawings (in "Why Children Draw," by Wilson and Wilson)?
it causes the child to become self-conscious
elements
line, shape, color, form, space, value, texture
"So observing is a form of thinking and thinking is a form of observing. In consequence, the purpose in practicing observation is to link sensory experience and [ what? ] as closely as possible." (Root-Bernstein, 1999)
mental awareness
Yani, a precocious and highly motivated young Chinese artist, showed the influence of Chinese art style and traditions in her paintings that have a theme of
monkeys
A type of printmaking that uses a flat surface (such as a mirror, plexiglass or gel plate), upon which paint or ink is applied and a unique image is designed using various techniques. The exact image can only be made once, unlike most printmaking which allows for multiple originals.
monoprint
principle
movement, rhythm, pattern, balance, contrast, emphasis, unity
At what stage has a child's thinking changes from pure kinesthetic thinking in terms of motion to an imaginative thinking in terms of pictures?
named scibbling
In examining the development of creativity in young people, educational psychologists have documented a "U-shaped decline" in creativity. Although can occur at any point, generally it occurs around the ages of 8-11 (3-6 grades). What is NOT one of the main reasons given for this slump?
none
There are several child-centered social justice themes mention by Sarah Ryder in her article, "Teaching Ideas of Social Justice Using Children's Literature?" Which of the following is NOT an example?
none
which of the following does not have a direct influence on art development
none of the answers
another term for worldplay
paracosm
This term is associated with the psychological phenomenon involving a stimulus (an image or a sound) wherein the mind perceives a familiar pattern of something where none actually exists
pareidolia
What behaviors are associated with creative potential (creative giftedness as an adult)? Mark all that apply.
participating in play/theatre, having an imaginary friend, engaging in worldplay
Positive After-images happen when an image quickly moves out of field of vision, but an afterimage briefly remains behind. Negative After-images happen when you look at a bright pattern, then look at a white/blank background and continue to briefly see that pattern of a "complementary color to the original." Both these phenomena are related to how we "see" the illusion of animation and are part of what is know as
persistence of vision
According to Andreasen (2005) in "Building a Better Brain," the human brain is responsive, adaptive and eternally changing. We are literally remaking our brains every second of our lives in response to the demands and pressure of our environment. It is the ability to retain and store specific memories. What is the term neuroscientists use for this concept?
plasticity
The psychological term for an individual who has mastery (is an expert) in more than one domain is
polymath
Which of the following are considered attributes, behaviors and/or traits associated with creativity? Mark all that apply.
preference for asymmetry, overactive physically and mentally, sarcastic or cynical, tolerance for ambiguity, curiosity, openness to sub-conscious material
After ink/paint has been applied to the plate and designs have been created, a paper is pressed over the plate and then carefully taken off to reveal the image.
pull a print
adaptive creativity
scientists, mathematicians
In the video, "Learning in a Visual Age - Why Art Education Matters", by the National Art Education Association, which of the following are identified as the visual literacy skills developed through art education/ art integration? Mark all that apply.
sensitivity, recognition, perception
lowenfield's scribbling stage is most closely aligned with piagets
sensorimotor stage
A group of pages is known as a __________________. Typically these can include 4, 8, 16, or 32 pages (sometimes more). In commercial printing, these are often designed out of a single large sheet.
signature
Clements and Wachowiak include the following in advocating for arts education, except
small differences can have large effects
Clements and Wachowiak's use 5 metaphors to talk about the factors or intrapersonal aspects that influence or guide the art learning process. Which one of these is not a factor/metaphor they used?
soul
the definition of the term "schema" is
stereotypical images that sometimes inhibit original thinking, organized pattern of though or behavior, latin for universal shape, figure, form, or outlines, (ALL OF THE ABOVE)
In her book, Unselfie, Michelle Borba (2016) discusses how empathy can be developed in children and others. Which of the following are displayed by empathetic individuals? (Mark all that apply).
stick their necks out, have a moral imagination, think us not them, can recognize feelings
Researchers have identified many side-effects of trying to "multi-task." Which of the following were cited as examples?
suppresses flow states, making more mistakes, cognitive impairment of short term memory
When a child experiments with self-images and self-possibilities but substitutes another image (i.e., an animal or object) for themselves this is called a
surrogate self
The Bouba Kiki Effect is a study that investigated
synesthesia
According to Studio Habits of Mind and Elliot Eisner's Ten Lesson, which of the following is encouraged through art education and promote a creative growth mindset? Mark all that apply.
take risks and look for the unexpected, stretch and explore, persist, engage
If you stare at a spot of color for a minute, you will start to see an after-image of
the compliment of the color
according to lowenfield, the Gang or Dawning Realism Stage is also known as
the golden age child art
According to Piaget in Chapter 14 of "Cognitive and Psychological Factors in Children's Learning and Creative Development," his theory of constructivism refers to
the self-constructed nature of knowledge
You can generally identify a student who has gifted potential in the arts or other areas
through early childhood drawings
When a child experiments with self-images and self-possibilities but substitutes another image (i.e., an animal or object) for themselves, they use this process
to safely experiment with sometimes adverse feelings and ways of being so the possibilities can be considered.
Art processes and creative thinking tools can be of service to other domains. In other words, practicing a think tool in one domain can compliment work in another domain.
true
From the reading on Cultural Influences in Children's Drawings (Paget cited in Golomb, 2002), children in each culture naturally invent drawings that represent human forms.
true
From the reading on Cultural Influences in Children's Drawings (Paget cited in Golomb, 2002), young children's drawing styles and meaning-making strategies develop independently from adult image models.
true
Some types of visual thinkers can bring up an image with their eyes open and superimpose that image onto what they are looking at.
true
This term is associated with the psychological phenomenon involving a stimulus (an image or a sound) wherein the mind perceives a familiar pattern of something where none actually exists.
true
Typically, development of imagination, especially Worldplay, diminishes or fades out around puberty.
true
Using geometry-based origami can be an open-ended art lesson.
true
Visual symbols from TV, Internet, films, drawings, paintings require reading just as much as word symbols.
true
Well-known creative adults who invented imaginary worlds as children include: (mark all that apply)
true
children develop a graphic vocabulary
true
reading an artwork can be used to help develop a moral imagination
true
when observing and analyzing the realities portrayed in children's drawings, more than one reality can often be seen
true
you can put stop motion animation software on your phone
true
art is valuable for its own sake
true, it makes us human
Synesthesia is about connections between
two or more of the senses
children begin to understand visual symbols
very early, just after birth
both adaptive and expressive creativity
video game designers
Which of the following have an open-symbol system as their domain language? Mark all that apply.
visual art, creative writing
expressive creativity
visual artists, creative writers
According to Clements, R. D., Wachowiak, F. (2010) in the chapter on Art and Literacy, even after we learn to write, drawing is essential because
we formulate meaning through representation
symmetry
words and pictures are on equal footing
counterpoint
words and pictures tell different stories
This is a complex and elaborate form of make-believe that is more persistent behavior that last for weeks, months, even years--- and is revisited over and again.
worldplay
Art can help students understand and engage in the interconnectedness of community and helps develop 21st Century Skills. Examples of collaborative art learning processes that promote this understanding include: (mark all the apply)
worldplay, stop motion animation, creating a tableau, playing tag the art game, puppetry
