Criminology Exam

Counting the Chief Justice and the Associate Justices, how many individuals make up the Supreme Court? 5 9 13 17

9

What is prison argot? Obtaining goods and services in prison A unique vocabulary used by prisoners A form of prison weapon A subculture that prisoners are introduced to

A unique vocabulary used by prisoners

All crimes are investigated by the police. True False

False

An example of police-community relations programs is Neighborhood Watch. True False

False

Anyone can be a police officer and handle the job. True False

False

Jails never hold more than 1,000 prisoners. True False

False

The percentage of parolees who complete their parole sentence successfully is about 85 percent. True False

False

What type of prison is one with high walls and gun towers surrounding the prison? Medium security prison Maximum security prison Minimum security prison Maximum security jail

Maximum security prison

What involves the agreement on the part of multiple corporations to charge a particular price for a good or service? Embezzlement Pilferage Price-fixing Restraint of trade

Price-fixing

The average caseload for a probation officer is about how many cases? 25 50 100 200

200

What percentage of Americans has tried an illegal drug at some point in their life? 10 percent 33 percent 46 percent 67 percent

46 percent

How many judges are there on state supreme courts? 2-4 5-9 13-15 20-22

5-9

A preliminary hearing takes place in front of whom? The defense lawyer A judge A jury The police

A judge

Why might someone experience a revocation of parole? Keeping curfew Not having a good attitude Committing another crime Showing good behavior in prison

Committing another crime

Having to serve meals to the homeless would be an example of which type of punishment? Parole Probation House arrest Community Service

Community Service

Neighborhood Watch is an example of what type of policing? Community policing Vigilantism policing Personal policing Due process policing

Community policing

Embezzlement is the theft of what? Company funds Stationary Equipment All of the above

Company funds

Where are prisoners convicted of misdemeanors who are serving sentences of a year or less typically held? Minimum security prisons County jails Maximum security prisons Prison hulks

County jails

The criminal justice system does NOT include which of the following? Police Courts Corrections Crime scholars

Crime scholars

What were prison hulks? Large prisoners Caves used to hold prisoners Decommissioned ships used to hold offenders Primitive cells in the middle of a town

Decommissioned ships used to hold offenders

What is the power by prosecutors to directly try juveniles in adult courts? Direct file The Juvenile Rule Miranda rule Age exclusion

Direct file

What type of employee is most likely to steal from their employer? Happy Fulfilled Aged Dissatisfied

Dissatisfied

What is the first stage in the criminal case process called? Pretrial Arrest Entry into the system Someone witnessing a crime

Entry into the system

In the sixteenth century, the idea of workhouses began to develop where? Africa North America Europe Asia

Europe

What prohibits the use of evidence in a criminal case that has been gathered illegally? Probable cause Specific deterrence Miranda warnings Exclusionary rule

Exclusionary rule

As the stages of the criminal case process continue, more and more cases are involved. True False

False

Juveniles are treated exactly the same as adults in the criminal case process. True False

False

Parole officers spend most of their time on administrative tasks. True False

False

Street crimes cost society more financially than corporate crimes. True False

False

The only way a person can be released from prison is to serve their entire sentence. True False

False

One of the most notorious cases of a company hiding a dangerous product involved which of the following? Tyco Tricycles Ford Pinto Herbco Vitamins Dynamo Drain Products

Ford Pinto

What is a panel of citizens who hear the prosecution's case in secret hearings and decide whether the individual should be formally charged? Preliminary panel Grand jury Defense jury Prosecution panel

Grand jury

Who oversees courts of limited jurisdiction? Associate Justices Chief Justices Justice of the Peace Court Justices

Justice of the Peace

What is the lending of money at interest rates higher than the legal limits called? Banking Loan sharking Price fixing Pilferage

Loan sharking

What is the most commonly used illegal drug in the United States? Crystal Meth Marijuana Heroin Cocaine

Marijuana

What is one reason why not all crimes enter the system? The police don't care Not all crimes are reported Only serious crimes like murder become a part of the system None of the above

Not all crimes are reported

What are crimes committed by an individual for personal gain and profit during the course of their occupation? Organizational crimes Organized crimes Occupational crimes Corporate crimes

Occupational crimes

If an attorney does not wish an individual to be on a jury, she might use what to exclude the person? Challenge for reason Peremptory challenge Bias challenge Challenge for jury

Peremptory challenge

During what period of time did organized crime in the United States gain power and become more coordinated? Civil War The Korean War Prohibition The Victorian Era

Prohibition

The due process model is concerned with doing what for individuals? Punishing them Protecting them Abusing them Arresting them

Protecting them

Which of the following is generally NOT required for someone to become a police officer? Background check Clean record Good physical condition Recommendations from teachers

Recommendations from teachers

What is the main aim of all prisons and jails? Security Happiness Conservation Peace

Security

An offender would be most likely to be given probation if they committed which of the following crimes? Armed robbery Rape Shoplifting Murder

Shoplifting

An example of alternative sanctions is? The death penalty Probation So-called "boot camps" Parole

So-called "boot camps"

When did prisons begin developing? 5,000 B.C. The Middle Ages The Roman Empire 1900

The Middle Ages

Who appoints individuals to the position of Chief Justice or Associate Justices in the Supreme Court? State governors They are elected by the people The President The former Chief Justice

The President

What is the most important factor in the decision to arrest someone? Their attitude The nature of the crime The time of day The evidence against the person

The evidence against the person

Antitrust laws make the restraint of trade illegal. True False

True

At the heart of the police subculture is the obligation of support and loyalty to other police officers. True False

True

In the United States, the cost of the correctional system is over $34 billion dollars each year. True False

True

Many states exclude certain crimes from being tried in the juvenile courts. True False

True

Most people who embezzle money act alone and do so without the knowledge of other people. True False

True

One of the hallmarks of occupational crime is its focus on the individual. True False

True

One of the reasons that organized crime has been around so long is that it provides goods and services that society wants. True False

True

Penitentiaries came to be known by this name because it was believed that the offenders were doing penitence for their criminal acts. True False

True

Studies show that an individual is more likely to be arrested if the victim is a stranger to the suspect and if the victim favors an arrest in the situation. True False

True

The process of selecting the jury is called voir dire. True False

True

What is a decision that a police officer makes? Whether a person should be convicted or not Whether a person should be sentenced or not Whether a person should be arrested or not Whether a person should be executed or not

Whether a person should be arrested or not

After a crime has been reported, what is one of the first decisions that the police have to make? Who is guilty Whether to arrest the suspect Whether to investigate the crime Whether to recommend the death penalty

Whether to investigate the crime

Upperworld crime is another term for which of the following? Street crime Organized crime Public order crimes White-collar crimes

White-collar crimes