Critical Reading + Writing Written Assignment

What is a direct quotation?

Material quoted directly from your source should be separated from your words with commas, quotations, and other punctuation.

Is plagiarism always intentional?

No. Sometimes writers forget to copy down their sources in their notes. Nevertheless, accidental plagiarism may result in serious trouble.

What is an example of ethos?

Personal experience, personal credentials, good moral character, appeal to experts, identification with readers, admission of limitations, expression of good will, use of "insider" language.

What is a empirical source?

Personal experiences, archives, field observations, interviews, surveys, case studies and experiments.

What is an example of pathos?

Promise of gain, promise of enjoyment, fear of loss, fear of pain, expressions of anger or disgust.

What is the REAL problem with plagiarism?

The real problem with plagiarism is that you are cheating yourself. You're probably paying thousands of dollars for your education. Cheating robs you of the chance to strengthen your communication skill and prepare for advanced courses and your career.

A paraphrase handles only a PORTION of the original text, while a summary often covers its entire content. True or false?

True.

What is the purpose of quoting?

When quoting an author or speaker, you are importing their exact words into your document. To signal that these words are not yours, always place quotation marks around them and include a parenthetical citation.

What is the most obvious form of plagiarism (academic dishonesty)?

When someone hands in work that is not his or her own.

What is a citation?

A citation directs readers to the original source's location, identifiying the exact pages or Web site.

What is a Literary Analysis?

A literary analysis poses an interpretive question about a literary text and then uses that question to explain the text, its author, or the historical context in which the work was written.

What is a signal phrase?

A signal phrase indicates where the source material comes from. The words "as" and "in" are often at the heart of a signal phrase.

What does it mean to summarize sources?

Allows you to condense a source down to just its major ideas and points.

What does it mean to quote sources?

Allows you to use keywords phrases or passages directly taken from the works of others

What does it mean to cite sources?

Gives credit to authors while demonstrating you have done your research properly.

How can you tell if evidence is reliable or not?

If you collect similar evidence from all three kinds of sources in "The Research Triangle", the evidence you found is probably reliable.

How do you use phrases when you are quoting?

If you want to use a whole phrase from a source, you need to put quotation marks around it. Then weave the quote into a sentence, making sure it flows with the rest of your writing.

What can plagiarism result in at work?

In the workplace, plagiarism is a form of copyright infringement in which one person illegally takes the ideas or words of someone else without that person's permission.

What can plagiarism result in at school?

It can lead to a failing grade on an assignment or even for the class.

What is patchwriting? How does it happen?

It happens when someone cuts and pastes one or more paragraphs from a Web page or another source and then alters words and sentences to make them look like his or her own.

What is the objective of a Rhetorical Analysis?

It is to show why a specific argument was effective or persuasive.

What is a mistaken belief about critical reading?

That the purpose is to discover the so-called "hidden" or "real" meaning of the text. In reality, a text's meaning is rarely hidden, but it's not always obvious.

What is a good trick to target your search on the internet?

Use exact wording.

How do you use sentences when you are quoting?

You can bring entire sentences from another source into your document. Use a signal phrase or a colon to indicate that you are quoting a whole sentence.

What happens if you use ideas, words, phrases, or sentences without attribution?

You could be charged with academic dishonesty or copyright infringement.

What is an example of logos?

"If...then", "Either...or", Cause and effect, Costs and Benefits, Better and worse, examples, facts and data, anecdotes

How does the Council of Writing Program Administrators define plagiarism?

"In an an instructional setting, plagiarism occurs when a writer deliberately uses someone else's language, ideas, or other original (not common-knowledge) material without acknowledging its source."

What are the four methods for incorporating sources into your writing?

1. Citing sources 2. Quoting sources 3. Paraphrasing sources 4. Summarizing sources

How do you incorporate a really long quote into your paper?

A quote longer than three lines should be formatted as a block quote. No quotation marks are used, and the citation appears at the end of the quote, outside the final punctuation.

What do you need to do when you use ideas, words, phrases, or sentences from a source?

Correctly quote and cite that source. You must place those words inside quotation marks (or block quote) and provide a citation that tells your ready precisely where you got those words.

What can copyright infringement lead to?

Costly lawsuits and the firing of any employee who commits it.

What is ethos?

Credibility. Using the reputation, experience, and values of the author or an expert to support claims.

What are the three types of sources in "The Research Triangle"?

Electronic and online sources, print sources, empirical sources

What is pathos?

Emotion. Using feelings desires, or fears to influence readers. (Think pathetic)

How many main differences exist between a paraphrase and a summary?

Four.

What does it mean to paraphrase sources?

Helps you explain a source's specific ideas or describe its major points using your own words and sentence structures.

How do you use words when you are quoting?

If an author uses a word in a unique way, you can put quotes around it in your own text. After you tell your reader where the word comes from, you don't need to continue putting it inside quotation marks.

What is the major benefit of doing your OWN work?

It will help you improve and strengthen your mind and abilities.

What is the ironic thing about taking part in academic dishonesty?

People who buy, download, or copy papers often spend more time and energy finding the paper and worrying about the consequences of getting caught than they would if they just wrote the paper in the first place.

What is a primary source?

They are the actual records or artifacts, such as letters, photographs, videos, memoirs, books, or personal papers, that were created by the people involved in the issues and events you are researching.

What is a secondary source?

They are the writings of scholars, experts, and other knowledgeable people who have studied your topic.

When students get caught for academic dishonesty, what happens?

They receive a failing grade for the class, which looks bad on their transcripts and is difficult to explain to future employers or graduate school admissions committees.

What is the best way of avoiding the problem of using only one source (which can present limited or inaccurate information)?

Triangulate your research by looking for evidence from three types of sources. "The Research Triangle"

A paraphrase is usually about the same length or a little shorter than the original text being paraphrased, while a summary is significantly shorter than the original text. True or false?

True.

When summarizing a source, you are capturing its principal idea or ideas in a condensed form. True or false?

True.

A paraphrase looks through the text to convey what the author is saying, but summaries can also look at the text to explore an author's strategies, style, reasoning, and other choices. True or false?

True.

What is logos?

Reasoning. Appealing to readers' common sense, beliefs, or values.

A paraphrase usually follows the organization of the original source, while a summer reorganizes the content to highlight the major points. True or False?

True.

When do you NOT need to cite a source?

When you're stating "common knowledge" which is information that is available in multiple sources and that your readers would consider accurate and indisputable.

What is a parenthetical citation and why do we use it?

Whenever you integrate the ides, findings, and arguments of others into your own writing you need to give them credit by citing them with a parenthetical citation.