CSC 121 Quiz/Exam Qs (For Final)

Consider the spread of a disease: On day 0, a single person has the disease. On day 1, they infect 2 other people (resulting in 3 people now having the disease). On day 2, the 2 people infected the day before infect 2 other people (resulting in 7 people now having the disease). This process continues on subsequent days, that is: on day N, each person who was infected on day (N-1) infects 2 new people. How many days would it take before 200 people have been infected?

10 days

What decimal value is represented by the binary number 11012.

13

Consider Algorithm 1 for finding the oldest person in a room (which lines up the people and asks each person their birthday in order). If it takes 20 seconds to ask and write down a person's name and age, how long would it take to find the oldest person in a room of 10 people?

200 seconds

A grayscale image is one in which each pixel can be white, or black, or various shades of gray in between. Assuming that there are 256 discernible shades of gray, how many bits would a bitmap require to represent a single pixel in a grayscale image?

8

Consider Algorithm 2 for finding the oldest person in a room (which repeatedly has the people pair up, compare ages, and have the younger sit down). If it takes 20 seconds for a round (simultaneous pair comparisons), how long would it take to find the oldest person in a room of 10 people?

80

Characters have no natural correspondence to binary numbers so computer scientists devised an arbitrary system for representing characters as bit patterns. Which of the following is not an example of such a system? A. ASCII B. Unicode C. Javascript

B

Which of the following is NOT an analog representation of a sound recording? A. phonograph record B. audio cassette C. CD

C

Which of the following would NOT provide evidence that information on the Web was reliable. A. the article has been edited or reviewed by other parties B. the author is well-known and respected in his/her field C. the authors is funded by the industry that the article supports D. information cited in the article is relevant and timely

C

Suppose a text span with ID creditSpan contains a number. Which of the following JavaScript statements would increase the number in the span by 20? A. creditSpan.innerHTML = creditSpan.innerHTML + 20; B. creditSpan.innerHTML = Number(creditSpan.innerHTML) + 20; C. creditSpan = creditSpan + 20; D. creditSpan.innerHTML = creditSpan + 20; E. creditSpan.innerHTML = 20;

D

Which of the following best describes the software tool BLAST? A. It is used by computer engineers to manage large software projects. B. It is used by archaeologists to prepare excavation sites. C. It is used by biologists to model population growth over long periods D. It is used by scientists to compare genetic sequences (e.g., DNA samples).

D

Which of the following is NOT one of the key characteristics in computational thinking (as discussed in class)? A. Formalizing the problem solution in the form of an algorithm. B. Abstracting away irrelevant details and focusing on those essential to solving the problem. C. Recognizing how solutions to similar problems can be applied to new problem D. Breaking a complex problem into more smaller, more manageable problems. E. Incorporating experimental data to justify theoretical hypotheses.

E

T/F A microprocessor is a special-purpose computer that is used to control scientific machinery.

False

T/F A sequence of instructions for assembling a bookcase does not qualify as an "algorithm," as the instructions are not written in formal, mathematical notation.

False

T/F ASCII code is a program written to convert binary numbers to their decimal equivalents.

False

T/F Commercial software systems are thoroughly tested so that all programming errors are identified and fixed before the system is marketed

False

T/F For a precise, clearly stated problem, there can be only one algorithm that provides a solution.

False

T/F In contrast to digital signals, analog signals use only a discrete (finite) set of values for storing data

False

T/F In contrast to digital signals, analog signals use only a discrete (finite) set of values for storing data.

False

T/F In most Web browsers, cookies are used to save local copies of downloaded pages and files in order to save time when they are accessed again.

False

T/F Lossless compression formats (e.g., GIF, PNG) tend to produce smaller files than lossy formats (e.g., JPEG).

False

T/F Microsoft Word and Adobe Photoshop are examples of operating systems.

False

T/F Moore's Law dictates that integrated circuitry must be manufactured out of silicon, as opposed to other semiconductors such as germanium.

False

T/F The Law of Large Numbers states that large numbers (e.g., 100000) require more bits to represent them on a computer than smaller numbers (e.g., 100).

False

T/F The World Wide Web was developed in the early 1970s, shortly after the development of the Internet.

False

T/F The binary value 11012 represents the decimal number 27.

False

T/F The steps of the scientific method are Decomposition, Pattern Recognition, Abstraction, and Algorithms.

False

T/F When using a cryptocurrency such as Bitcoin to purchase goods, a person is required to clearly identify themselves so that the seller will know who is making the purchase

False

What is the role of a domain name server?

It stores and distributes the IP addresses corresponding to domain names (e.g., www.creighton.edu).

What is the role of a Web crawler, or spider?

They traverse the Web, cataloging Web pages for use by Web searches engines

A kilobyte of storage is 210 = 1,024 bytes, where a byte is a collection of 8 bits.

True

T/F A bit is a unit of data that corresponds to one of two potential values (commonly written as 0 and 1).

True

T/F A semiconductor is a metal that can be manipulated to be either a good or a bad conductor of electricity.

True

T/F Ada Lovelace is generally acknowledged as the world's first programmer, because of her work on Babbage's Analytical Engine.

True

T/F Binary search is an example of an O(log N) algorithm, where the number of items in the list to be searched is N.

True

T/F In a centralized computer network, the failure of a single machine or connection can isolate large portions of the network.

True

T/F Moore's Law states that the number of transistors that can be manufactured on a computer chip doubles every 1 to 2 years.

True

T/F Phishing is the act of obtaining sensitive information (e.g., credit card numbers, usernames, or passwords) by masquerading as a trusted entity in an email.

True

T/F Public-key encryption algorithms require both the sender and recipient of a message to have both private and public keys for encoding and decoding the message.

True

T/F Suppose you have been given a sorted list of 100 names and need to find a particular name in that list. Using sequential search, it is possible that you might have to look at every location in the list before finding the desired name.

True

T/F System Modeling can help us in understand natural laws.

True

T/F The ARPANET, the precursor to today's Internet, was funded primarily by the U.S. Department of Defense

True

T/F The Turing Test was proposed by Alan Turing as a means of determining whether an artificially intelligent machine has been constructed.

True

T/F The field of bioinformatics is concerned with the application of computer science techniques to the representation and processing of biological data.

True

T/F The protocol that defines how Web browsers and server communicate with each other is the HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP).

True

T/F The three components that make up the von Neumann architecture are the CPU, memory, and input/output devices

True

T/F The three recurring themes that define the discipline of computer science are hardware, software, and theory

True

T/F There are currently more devices connected to the Internet (of Things) than there are people in the world.

True

T/F To produce the incredibly small and precise circuitry on microchips, hardware manufacturers use light-sensitive chemicals to etch circuitry into layers of semiconductor materials.

True

T/F Using public-key encryption, the sender and recipient of a message do NOT need to agree on a shared secret key before initiating secure communications

True

T/F Vacuum tubes, as they have no moving parts, enable the switching of electrical signals at speeds far exceeding those of relays

True

T/F Web browsers such as Google Chrome and Mozilla Firefox contain JavaScript interpreters, which execute JavaScript statements that are embedded within HTML documents.

True

T/F When rendered in a Web browser, the text in the following paragraph would appear in a red font: <p style="color:red">This is a paragraph.</p>

True

The history of computers can be divided into generations based on advances in technology. List the technologies that defined generations 0 through 4 in chronological order?

electromagnetic relays --> vacuum tubes --> transistors --> integrated circuits --> microprocessors

Greek natural philosophy

often referred to as "pre-scientific", since it relied on contemplation or observation, but not experimentation.

language designers, programmers, and systems analysts are all examples of careers in computer science related to what theme of computer science?

software

Steganography

the practice of concealing a secret message in another message or object

Digital sampling

the process of converting an analog sound wave into digital values.