Cultural Anthropology Midterm

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Koko and Washo were two primates who had learned

American Sign Language

Which mode of subsistence includes the search for edible things?

Foraging

"Owning" culture

Means controlling symbols that give meaning

Talking about sports as a battlefield is an example of

a metaphor

one of anthrpology's insights about the foreign mode of subsistence is that

foraging people have a cultural view of their environments as giving

a stoplight is a visual example of a

sign

James Ferguson, who is an anthropologist of development, argues that development exists

to expand state power

An anthropologist in a cultural insider's perspective on that insider's culture is seeking?

An emic perspective

Who was responsible for the theory of functionalism?

Bronislaw Malinowski

the process of promoting one culture over others, through formal policy or less form means is referred to as,

Cultural imperialism

Who was responsible for the theory of social evolutionism?

E.B Taylor

if you want to understand the norms of a society, you would be most likely to focus on

Everyday interactions

The research that anthropologist Karen Tranberg Hansen has done on second hand clothing in Zambia is interesting because it

Highlights how people impose local meanings on objects

The perspective that his to identify and understand cultures in their entirety is called?

Holism

The defining feature of historical particularism is

Individual societies develop particular cultural traits and undergo a unique process of change.

an important ethical concern for anthropologists is to

Protect their informants

The controversy between Native Americans and the NCAA schools mascots illustrates

The power of tradition

The idea that Ongee ancestors make tidal waves and earthquakes would be understood by an interpretive anthropologist as

a way of explaining how the world works

The most important goal of the Congolese saupeur is to

accumulate prestige

Development anthropologists often think of themselves as

advocates of the poor and marginalized people

A central technique involved in an informal, open ended interview is to

allow questions to emerge in the course of the interview.

a believer in cultural imperialism would explain that people who watch American television in remote places like a Walpiri camp in the Australian outback are

being subjected to alien culture influences

a quantitive approach to studying the archeological past would be most interested in

building and testing hypotheses, by collecting, measuring the remains of past cultures.

in evolutionary terms humans are distinct from other primates with respect to their ability to use language because we

can speak using our larnyx

Words that come from the same ancestral language and originated from the same words are

cognate words

A language of mixed origin that develop from a complex blending of two parent languages is called

creole

Foodways are subject to large industrial process, trade relationships, and trends, suggesting that they are

dynamic

anthropologist Sidney Mintz observed that most people around the world usually

eat a common patterned diet of core-legume-fringe foods

The process of learning culture from a very young age is called

enculturation

Which of the following is the defining methodology of the discipline of anthropology?

fieldwork

Which method would be best when doing a study on genetic propensity for cancer in a given population?

genealogical method

The people anthropologists gather data from are called

informants

A process that increases yields and includes prepping soil, technology, a large labor force, etc modification is

intensification

The application of the holistic perspective to understand changes in everyday practices, such as eating breakfast cereals, reveals the

interconnections between different domains

The US government's prohibition of Native American children speaking their indigenous language in Indian schools has contributed most profoundly to

language death

Culture is

learned and shared

If you studied sex workers in your city like Bourgois studied crack dealers in NYC, you might find

maintaining confidentiality is an ongoing challenge

If you studied speech patterns such as those analyzed in Robin Lakoff's study of gendered speech you might find the "talking like a lady"

marginalizes women's voices work contexts

Rapid increase in the scale and amount of communication

means that people in remote places can be in contact with people all over the world

How words fit together to create meaningful units is called

morphology

The study of grammatical categories, such as tense and wonder other are called

morphology

the human diet is

omnivorous

If a development anthropologist were to get involved in a project in your city that is revitalizing poor neighborhood she or he would probably emphasize the

overarching importance of listening to the priorities of the neighbors

This type of interaction may include playing basket ball, cooking, dining, or having coffee with informants

participant observation

Linguists refer to mixed languages with a simplified grammar that people rarely learn as a mother tongue as

pidgin language

According to anthropologist Sherry Ortner's analysis the American flag Is and example of a

summarizing symbol

a relatavistic perspective on the meanings of Coca Cola in Tzotzil Mexico communities would emphasize that

the Tzotzil are dominated by globalization

Even though anthropologists use parts of the scientific method, some don't see what they do as a science because

the complexity of social behavior prevents any completely objective analysis of human culture.

A nutritional anthropologist who studies the nutrition transition would probably would focus on the following except

the conditions of migrant workers

If Benjamin Whorf were trying to find further proof that grammar shapes the way individuals which of the following would not be a focus of his research?

the density of the population in the several communities

A key difference between anthropologists of development and development anthropologists is

the first are academics, the second work in applied fields

An evolutionary perspective would be most likely to explain colonialism as

the natural abilities of more civilized people to control less civilized people.

A key feature of financial globalization is

the reduction of elimination of tariffs to promote trade

A central feature of cultural convergence theories is that

they explain the apparent decline of cultural diversity

an anthropologist who promotes principles of agroecology would likely view horticulture as

useful to learn new principles about sustainable farming

why was symbolic anthropologists Mary Douglas so interested in Jewish dietary laws?

Because they were a way to communicate symbolic piety

Ethical issues facing ethnographers include all of the following except

Being open about their research

The American anthropologist responsible for the concept of historical particularism was named

Franz Boas

If Jakob Grimm, who developed what as come to be now as Grimm's Law were analyzing the historical relationships among the so-called dialects of Chinese, what data would he be looking for in his linguistic fieldwork?

How the speakers of each dialect pronounce different words with similar meanings in several dialects

there has been a reduction of maize varieties in Mexico. What is the primary reason for it?

Mexican agricultural policies favor cheap import from the US

The structuralist approach to culture theorizes which of the following?

People make sense of the world through binary oppositions (raw/cook)

The idea that embraces dynamic cultural process and the idea that the observer of cultural processes can never see culture completely objectively represents

Post structuralism

The purpose of fieldnotes is to

Provide written records of information that an anthropologist collects

The application of the comparative method in his research in Papua New Guinea led co author Robert Welsch to focus on

Published and unpublished accounts of mask collectors who visited different villages.

If you were a linguistic anthropologist interested in language changes in smaller American cities, building on William Labov's studies from the 1980's what method would you use?

Record how younger people, middle aged people, and senior citizens pronounce ordinary American words

Anthropologists overcome ethnocentrism by

Seeing matters from the point of view of another culture

If you wanted to have consistent responses hat kind go interview would you use?

Survey interview

anthropologists are interested in the nutrition transition because

it explains widespread changes in bodily forms

How would a critical relativist explain Native American criticism of cultural appropriation?

it is important to understand Native American claims from their view point though it doesn't necessarily mean we should accept them as the only way to view the issue.

One of the main reasons agricultural intensification interest anthropologists is that

it is the basis of industrial agriculture

What was the most important thing the that the core legume fringe dietary pattern indicates about how people eat?

the intersections between culture and biology

Promoters of globalization highlight which of the following?

the more open a country is to foreign trade, the better the economy will be


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