Cultural Anthropology Midterm
Koko and Washo were two primates who had learned
American Sign Language
Which mode of subsistence includes the search for edible things?
Foraging
"Owning" culture
Means controlling symbols that give meaning
Talking about sports as a battlefield is an example of
a metaphor
one of anthrpology's insights about the foreign mode of subsistence is that
foraging people have a cultural view of their environments as giving
a stoplight is a visual example of a
sign
James Ferguson, who is an anthropologist of development, argues that development exists
to expand state power
An anthropologist in a cultural insider's perspective on that insider's culture is seeking?
An emic perspective
Who was responsible for the theory of functionalism?
Bronislaw Malinowski
the process of promoting one culture over others, through formal policy or less form means is referred to as,
Cultural imperialism
Who was responsible for the theory of social evolutionism?
E.B Taylor
if you want to understand the norms of a society, you would be most likely to focus on
Everyday interactions
The research that anthropologist Karen Tranberg Hansen has done on second hand clothing in Zambia is interesting because it
Highlights how people impose local meanings on objects
The perspective that his to identify and understand cultures in their entirety is called?
Holism
The defining feature of historical particularism is
Individual societies develop particular cultural traits and undergo a unique process of change.
an important ethical concern for anthropologists is to
Protect their informants
The controversy between Native Americans and the NCAA schools mascots illustrates
The power of tradition
The idea that Ongee ancestors make tidal waves and earthquakes would be understood by an interpretive anthropologist as
a way of explaining how the world works
The most important goal of the Congolese saupeur is to
accumulate prestige
Development anthropologists often think of themselves as
advocates of the poor and marginalized people
A central technique involved in an informal, open ended interview is to
allow questions to emerge in the course of the interview.
a believer in cultural imperialism would explain that people who watch American television in remote places like a Walpiri camp in the Australian outback are
being subjected to alien culture influences
a quantitive approach to studying the archeological past would be most interested in
building and testing hypotheses, by collecting, measuring the remains of past cultures.
in evolutionary terms humans are distinct from other primates with respect to their ability to use language because we
can speak using our larnyx
Words that come from the same ancestral language and originated from the same words are
cognate words
A language of mixed origin that develop from a complex blending of two parent languages is called
creole
Foodways are subject to large industrial process, trade relationships, and trends, suggesting that they are
dynamic
anthropologist Sidney Mintz observed that most people around the world usually
eat a common patterned diet of core-legume-fringe foods
The process of learning culture from a very young age is called
enculturation
Which of the following is the defining methodology of the discipline of anthropology?
fieldwork
Which method would be best when doing a study on genetic propensity for cancer in a given population?
genealogical method
The people anthropologists gather data from are called
informants
A process that increases yields and includes prepping soil, technology, a large labor force, etc modification is
intensification
The application of the holistic perspective to understand changes in everyday practices, such as eating breakfast cereals, reveals the
interconnections between different domains
The US government's prohibition of Native American children speaking their indigenous language in Indian schools has contributed most profoundly to
language death
Culture is
learned and shared
If you studied sex workers in your city like Bourgois studied crack dealers in NYC, you might find
maintaining confidentiality is an ongoing challenge
If you studied speech patterns such as those analyzed in Robin Lakoff's study of gendered speech you might find the "talking like a lady"
marginalizes women's voices work contexts
Rapid increase in the scale and amount of communication
means that people in remote places can be in contact with people all over the world
How words fit together to create meaningful units is called
morphology
The study of grammatical categories, such as tense and wonder other are called
morphology
the human diet is
omnivorous
If a development anthropologist were to get involved in a project in your city that is revitalizing poor neighborhood she or he would probably emphasize the
overarching importance of listening to the priorities of the neighbors
This type of interaction may include playing basket ball, cooking, dining, or having coffee with informants
participant observation
Linguists refer to mixed languages with a simplified grammar that people rarely learn as a mother tongue as
pidgin language
According to anthropologist Sherry Ortner's analysis the American flag Is and example of a
summarizing symbol
a relatavistic perspective on the meanings of Coca Cola in Tzotzil Mexico communities would emphasize that
the Tzotzil are dominated by globalization
Even though anthropologists use parts of the scientific method, some don't see what they do as a science because
the complexity of social behavior prevents any completely objective analysis of human culture.
A nutritional anthropologist who studies the nutrition transition would probably would focus on the following except
the conditions of migrant workers
If Benjamin Whorf were trying to find further proof that grammar shapes the way individuals which of the following would not be a focus of his research?
the density of the population in the several communities
A key difference between anthropologists of development and development anthropologists is
the first are academics, the second work in applied fields
An evolutionary perspective would be most likely to explain colonialism as
the natural abilities of more civilized people to control less civilized people.
A key feature of financial globalization is
the reduction of elimination of tariffs to promote trade
A central feature of cultural convergence theories is that
they explain the apparent decline of cultural diversity
an anthropologist who promotes principles of agroecology would likely view horticulture as
useful to learn new principles about sustainable farming
why was symbolic anthropologists Mary Douglas so interested in Jewish dietary laws?
Because they were a way to communicate symbolic piety
Ethical issues facing ethnographers include all of the following except
Being open about their research
The American anthropologist responsible for the concept of historical particularism was named
Franz Boas
If Jakob Grimm, who developed what as come to be now as Grimm's Law were analyzing the historical relationships among the so-called dialects of Chinese, what data would he be looking for in his linguistic fieldwork?
How the speakers of each dialect pronounce different words with similar meanings in several dialects
there has been a reduction of maize varieties in Mexico. What is the primary reason for it?
Mexican agricultural policies favor cheap import from the US
The structuralist approach to culture theorizes which of the following?
People make sense of the world through binary oppositions (raw/cook)
The idea that embraces dynamic cultural process and the idea that the observer of cultural processes can never see culture completely objectively represents
Post structuralism
The purpose of fieldnotes is to
Provide written records of information that an anthropologist collects
The application of the comparative method in his research in Papua New Guinea led co author Robert Welsch to focus on
Published and unpublished accounts of mask collectors who visited different villages.
If you were a linguistic anthropologist interested in language changes in smaller American cities, building on William Labov's studies from the 1980's what method would you use?
Record how younger people, middle aged people, and senior citizens pronounce ordinary American words
Anthropologists overcome ethnocentrism by
Seeing matters from the point of view of another culture
If you wanted to have consistent responses hat kind go interview would you use?
Survey interview
anthropologists are interested in the nutrition transition because
it explains widespread changes in bodily forms
How would a critical relativist explain Native American criticism of cultural appropriation?
it is important to understand Native American claims from their view point though it doesn't necessarily mean we should accept them as the only way to view the issue.
One of the main reasons agricultural intensification interest anthropologists is that
it is the basis of industrial agriculture
What was the most important thing the that the core legume fringe dietary pattern indicates about how people eat?
the intersections between culture and biology
Promoters of globalization highlight which of the following?
the more open a country is to foreign trade, the better the economy will be