Cumulative Test

A section of DNA with a sequence of AATCGCTTG undergoes replication. The complimentary bases that form will be

TTAGCGAAC

Which of the following is NOT true of proteins?

Some appear to be molecular carriers of the coded hereditary information.

Sweat glands can also be called __________ glands.

Sudoriferous

The cell membrane is

a bilayer of phospholipids that regulates movement of material into and out of the cell

The type of bond that forms between molecules of water is

a hydrophilic bond

Gastric enzymes secreted by the stomach are highly acidic. This means

a low pH with many H+ ions

The "scientific method" involves all of the following except

all of the above are part of the scientific method

Which of the following does NOT contain fatty acid?

all of the above contain fatty acids

Goose bumps in the skin are caused by contraction of the __________ in response to cold or emotions

arrector pili muscles

An example of a catabolic process in the human body is

atrophy of muscles in a bedridden patient

Which statement about skin cancer is most correct?

basal cell carcinoma is often seen as a shallow ulceration in sun exposed skin Keratin may be produced in excess in a growth of squamous cell carcinoma

The skin turns red when a far-skinned person blushes because

blood flow to the skin increases

All of the following describe characteristics of a living organisms EXCEPT

breathing

A hydrophobic substance

can mix more easily with fats

Of all the connective tissues, which one contains the fewest blood vessels?

cartilage

Which connective tissue type is composed of cells called chondrocytes and may be surrounded by a covering called perichondrium?

cartilage

The genetic material in the nucleus of a cell in interphase is called

chromatin

Which statement does NOT accurately describe the correct anatomic position?

palms are pressed lightly against the thighs

All of the following are types of serous membranes except

perichondrium

If organelles can proliferate in response to increased demand, then one could expect to find far more ______in the liver cells of an alcoholic than in a nondrinker.

peroxisomes and smooth ER

Aerobic Respiration in the cell

requires oxygen to produce ATP/energy

Lanolin, refined from the lipid secretions of sheep skin, is often used to augment humans holocrine skin secretion called?

sebum

Which type of membrane is found around the abdominal organs, lines moving joints and secretes fluids that reduce friction?

serous

Which of the following is not a function of the integument?

stores calcium in the dermis

In which layers of the epidermis would you find mitotically active cells?

strata basale and spinosum

Which epidermal layer is found in thick skin only?

stratum lucidum

Anatomy is the study of ________ and physiology is the study of ________

structure, function

Which of the following pairings is incorrect?

supporting connective tissue, blood

A red blood cell placed in a hypotonic solution would

swell and lyse

Transcription and translation result in

synthesis of a peptide

Homeostasis refers to:

the body systems maintaining a stable internal environment

The function of a protein molecule depends upon

the shape of the molecule

The most plausible explanation for the "smoker's cough" that develops when the tracheal epithelium changes from pseudostratified columnar to stratified squamous is that

the stratified squamous epithelium has no cilia to remove accumulating mucus

By the process of mitosis in a human cell, __________ daughter cells are produced, each of which has __________ chromosomes.

2, 46

Sweat glands are components of which system?

Integumentart

From the organ systems listed below, select the correct sequence of organs found in each of the systems.

Integumentary

Skin cancer most likely arises from which type cells?

Melanocytes

The mitochondria of certain cells are part of which level of organization?

None of the above , organelle

Which of the following is/are used to classify epithelia?

Number of cell layers Morphology of the cells comprising the apical layer

Which statement describes sperm cells produced from the gametes/sex cells?

They contain an haploid number of chromosomes

Which skin color abnormalities result from alterations in blood contents rather than blood flow?

cyanosis and jaundice

A defective gene on chromosome 15 causes Marfan syndrome. This defect results in abnormal collagen and elastin fibers being produced. A person with Marfan's Syndrome could display the following EXCEPT

dense, compression resistant bones

Fingerprints are the result of

dermal papilli patterns

The connective tissue component of the cutaneous membrane is otherwise known as the

dermis

Skin color differences among both individuals and races are mostly the result of

different levels of melanocyte activity different colors of melanin

Which of the following events occurs during the M (mitosis) phase of the cell life cycle?

division of the chromosomes

The four principal types of tissues are

epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous

Given these characteristics of a transport process: - moves with the concentration gradient - does not require energy - requires protein carrier molecules Which of these following processes is described?

facilitated diffusion

What is the predominant cell type in areolar connective tissue?

fibroblast

The last step in the healing process after an injury to connective tissue is

fibrosis

Some limited exposure to ultraviolet radiation can be useful because it

helps epidermal cells convert a steroid to vitamin D3

The most common elements found in the human body are

hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen

The human genetic code

if damaged, can lead to mutations

If you stepped on a nail, the second epidermal layer it would penetrate is the stratum

lucidum

The above DNA section is now being used for protein synthesis. Transcription of the strand results in the following sequence

mRNA UUAGCGAAC

Which epidermal pigment protects nuclear DNA by absorbing potentially damaging ultraviolet radiation?

melanin

As result of exercise, there is an increase in the number of __________ in muscle cells.

mitochondria

The process of nuclear division is called __________ and cytoplasmic division is called __________.

mitosis, cytokinesis

What type of membrane lines the cavities and tubes that lead to the outside of the body?

mucous membrane

The building blocks of carbohydrates are __? __ and the building blocks of DNA are __?__

none of the above

Transcription takes place in the ________________ of the cell.

nucleus

The interactions between atoms in bond forming

occurs between its outermost electrons

Cyanosis usually is the result of a reduction in ___________

oxygen levels

A tissue section cotaining successive layers of smooth muscle, connective tissue, and transitional epithelium could be from the

urinary bladder

An 18yo male training for a 20k marathon one hot July day just outside the Mohave Dessert has been hydrating regularly. During 3 hours of running the young man drank approximately 9 liters of water. Why did this athlete lose consciousness?

water moved by osmosis into the brain tissue causing swelling