Derm

telogen effluvium

-alopecia due to stress, childbearing, meds, weight loss

tinea pedis

-athletes foot -creamy stuff between toes with vesicles and bullae or dryness

lichen sclerosis et atrophicus

-autoimmue dx in postmenopausal women affecting genital and perianal areas

pemphigus vulgaris

-autoimmune issue in intraepidermal layer with spontaneous flaccid bullae -first appears on oral mucous membranes, rapidly erodes -positive nikolsky sign

cellulitis

-bacteria that enters skin and gets into deep dermis and subq -usu staph or strep -warm, red, edema

bullous pemphigoid

-benign autoimmune itchy disease in subepidermal layer -tense blisters in flexural aras with negative nikolsky sign

erythema nodosum

-bilateral erythema and painful red nodules on anterior shins -biopsy shows septal panniculitis -assoc with diseases

tinea capitis

-black dot sign of broken hairs

what causes non blanching

-blood extravasted -petechiae -purpura

what causes blanching

-blood w/in vessels -erythema -venous lake -varicosities

vitiligo

-checkered appearance sharpley defined -assoc with thyroid disease

impetigo

-common with staph -thick honey crusted scab

erythrasma

-dark discoloration in body folds, mostly inner thighs, crural, scrotum, to webs -caused by corynebacterium minutissimum

tinea mannum

-diffuse scaling of palm of one hand with accentuation in creases -can be single or bilateral

erysipelas

-edematous, circumscribed, hot red area with raised and advancing border -usu includes fever -due to beta hemolytic strep

erythema migrans

-from lime disease -skin lesion with central clearing

pediculosis (lice)

-gotten from direct contact -will see itching -small urticarial papules -brown = active, white = previous issue

hidradenitis suppurativa

-hallmark: blackhead with 2 openings -skin disease with recurrunt boils and wounds in armpit, groin, underboob

erythema mulitforme

-herpes associated -target lesions and urticarial plaques in symmetric patterns on dorsum of hands, feel, exterior surfaces of forearms and legs

onychocryptosis

-ingrown toenail -nail cuts into paronycihum or nail bed

tinea barbae

-invasion of hair shaft with intense inflammation and follicular pustules and abscesses

tinea cruris

-jock itch -usu seen in upper inner thighs

bulla

-large blister, above .5cm -goes with vesicle

hansens disease

-leprosy -due to mycobacterium -discolored patches of skin that may be numb and look faded. painless ulcers

nodule

-lump and above .5cm -fluid CAN be released from them

steven's johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis

-mucocultaneous drug induced or idiopathic rx -skin sloughing common after skin tenderness and erythema -raised bliseters on erythematous base -positive nikolsky sign high fever in TEN

auspitz sign

-only associated with psoriasis -removing crust reveals pinpoint bleeding

tinea faciei

-only on face -well circumscribed macule to plaque with elevated border and central regression

Rhus dermatitis

-poison ivy -LINEAR marks

vesicle

-primary lesion below .5cm -goes with bulla

papule

-raised and below .5cm -fluid CANNOT be released from them

tinea corporis

-ring worm -central clearance

cutaneous TB

-seen following tattoos, piercings, punctures

nikolsky sign

-seen in stevens johnson -light skin pressure causing skin sloughing

condyloma acuminata

-seen with HPV -discrete, smooth surfaced papilloma to large cauliflower lesions

Cutaneous candidiasis

-severe itching -superficial denuded, beefy red areas w or w/o satellite vesicopustules

brown recluse bite

-spider has violin marking -itchy -bullseye lesion surrounded by halo of pallor, sinking blue macule (red white and blue)

tinea versicolor

-sun spots -spaghetti and meatballs on KOH

black widow bite

-symptoms appear w/in 30 min -n/v, cramps esp in legs

lichen planus

-t cell mediated autoimmune disease 1. typical skin lesions 2. mucosal lesions 3. histopathological band like infiltration of lymphocytes in upper dermis

onychomycosis

-tinea unguium -fungal infection of nails -nails lusterless, brittle, hypertrophic

fissure

Narrow, slitlike opening

excoriation

Skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping

Perioral dermatitis

acne like eruption around mouth, nose, eyes

alopeica areata

autoimmune hair loss of of or more round bald patches appearing suddenly

melanonychia

band up and down nail caused by nevus or lentigo. beware of melanoma

comedo

blackhead; dilated hair follicle filled with bacteria; primary lesion in acne

subungal hematoma

blood under nail

rosacea

chronic rash of central face with neurovasc involvement of erythema and a glandular involvement of rhiophyma

annular shape

circular

bullous impetigo

deeper and with ulcers

ulceration

deeper erosion

digital myxoid pseudocyst

degeneration of CT causing semi translucent surface close to nail with jelly like sticky fluid inside

telangiesctasia

dilation of superficial blood vessels

fingertip eczema

dry, scaling, fissured finger tips where peeling reveals red and tender skin

pustule

elevation of skin containing pus, less than .5cm

skin scale

flaky skin

skin crust

flaky skin with fluid

patch

flat and above .5cm

macule

flat and less than .5cm

cyst

fluid filled sac greater than .5cm

androgen alopecia

genetically predisposed normal hair loss

Traction alopecia

hair loss due to continuous pulling of hair

trichotillomania

hair pulling disorder

eczematoid

inflammatory lesions with scales, vesicles and crusts with weeping

scabies

intense itching that's worse at night, burrows and pustules

secondary lesions

involve skin changes

stasis dermatitis

leg redness and swelling only on legs and associated with varicose veins, edema, CHF

crusted scabies

long standing scabies seen in nursing homes

tumor

lump of subcutaneous mass above .5cm

circinate shape

more curved c shape than arcuate

purpura

multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin, larger goes with petechiae

paronychia

nail infection usu due to staph

felon

painful abscess of deep tissue of palmar fingertip usu due to staph

acne

papular or pustular eruption located on face, chest, back

darier sign

plaque that if lightly stroked will form a wheal and intense erythema

plaque

raised and above .5cm

wheal

raised red skin lesion due to interstitial fluid

ocular rosacea

rosacea only in the eye

koilonychia

scooped out nails due to iron issues

petechiae

small, pinpoint hemorrhages, less than 2mm goes with purpura

folliculitis

superficial infection hair follicles usu due to staph seen frequently in areas of shaving itching and burning with pustule around hair follicle

skin atrophy

thining of skin

lichenification

tightly packed set of papules that thickens skin; caused by prolonged intense scratching

Beau's lines

transverse groove due to: injury, illness, cx, zinc issues

Koebner phenomenon

traumatic induction of psoriasis

blanching

turns white

verrucous lesion

wart-like lesion

erosion lesion

wearing away or loss of epidermis