Derm
telogen effluvium
-alopecia due to stress, childbearing, meds, weight loss
tinea pedis
-athletes foot -creamy stuff between toes with vesicles and bullae or dryness
lichen sclerosis et atrophicus
-autoimmue dx in postmenopausal women affecting genital and perianal areas
pemphigus vulgaris
-autoimmune issue in intraepidermal layer with spontaneous flaccid bullae -first appears on oral mucous membranes, rapidly erodes -positive nikolsky sign
cellulitis
-bacteria that enters skin and gets into deep dermis and subq -usu staph or strep -warm, red, edema
bullous pemphigoid
-benign autoimmune itchy disease in subepidermal layer -tense blisters in flexural aras with negative nikolsky sign
erythema nodosum
-bilateral erythema and painful red nodules on anterior shins -biopsy shows septal panniculitis -assoc with diseases
tinea capitis
-black dot sign of broken hairs
what causes non blanching
-blood extravasted -petechiae -purpura
what causes blanching
-blood w/in vessels -erythema -venous lake -varicosities
vitiligo
-checkered appearance sharpley defined -assoc with thyroid disease
impetigo
-common with staph -thick honey crusted scab
erythrasma
-dark discoloration in body folds, mostly inner thighs, crural, scrotum, to webs -caused by corynebacterium minutissimum
tinea mannum
-diffuse scaling of palm of one hand with accentuation in creases -can be single or bilateral
erysipelas
-edematous, circumscribed, hot red area with raised and advancing border -usu includes fever -due to beta hemolytic strep
erythema migrans
-from lime disease -skin lesion with central clearing
pediculosis (lice)
-gotten from direct contact -will see itching -small urticarial papules -brown = active, white = previous issue
hidradenitis suppurativa
-hallmark: blackhead with 2 openings -skin disease with recurrunt boils and wounds in armpit, groin, underboob
erythema mulitforme
-herpes associated -target lesions and urticarial plaques in symmetric patterns on dorsum of hands, feel, exterior surfaces of forearms and legs
onychocryptosis
-ingrown toenail -nail cuts into paronycihum or nail bed
tinea barbae
-invasion of hair shaft with intense inflammation and follicular pustules and abscesses
tinea cruris
-jock itch -usu seen in upper inner thighs
bulla
-large blister, above .5cm -goes with vesicle
hansens disease
-leprosy -due to mycobacterium -discolored patches of skin that may be numb and look faded. painless ulcers
nodule
-lump and above .5cm -fluid CAN be released from them
steven's johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis
-mucocultaneous drug induced or idiopathic rx -skin sloughing common after skin tenderness and erythema -raised bliseters on erythematous base -positive nikolsky sign high fever in TEN
auspitz sign
-only associated with psoriasis -removing crust reveals pinpoint bleeding
tinea faciei
-only on face -well circumscribed macule to plaque with elevated border and central regression
Rhus dermatitis
-poison ivy -LINEAR marks
vesicle
-primary lesion below .5cm -goes with bulla
papule
-raised and below .5cm -fluid CANNOT be released from them
tinea corporis
-ring worm -central clearance
cutaneous TB
-seen following tattoos, piercings, punctures
nikolsky sign
-seen in stevens johnson -light skin pressure causing skin sloughing
condyloma acuminata
-seen with HPV -discrete, smooth surfaced papilloma to large cauliflower lesions
Cutaneous candidiasis
-severe itching -superficial denuded, beefy red areas w or w/o satellite vesicopustules
brown recluse bite
-spider has violin marking -itchy -bullseye lesion surrounded by halo of pallor, sinking blue macule (red white and blue)
tinea versicolor
-sun spots -spaghetti and meatballs on KOH
black widow bite
-symptoms appear w/in 30 min -n/v, cramps esp in legs
lichen planus
-t cell mediated autoimmune disease 1. typical skin lesions 2. mucosal lesions 3. histopathological band like infiltration of lymphocytes in upper dermis
onychomycosis
-tinea unguium -fungal infection of nails -nails lusterless, brittle, hypertrophic
fissure
Narrow, slitlike opening
excoriation
Skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping
Perioral dermatitis
acne like eruption around mouth, nose, eyes
alopeica areata
autoimmune hair loss of of or more round bald patches appearing suddenly
melanonychia
band up and down nail caused by nevus or lentigo. beware of melanoma
comedo
blackhead; dilated hair follicle filled with bacteria; primary lesion in acne
subungal hematoma
blood under nail
rosacea
chronic rash of central face with neurovasc involvement of erythema and a glandular involvement of rhiophyma
annular shape
circular
bullous impetigo
deeper and with ulcers
ulceration
deeper erosion
digital myxoid pseudocyst
degeneration of CT causing semi translucent surface close to nail with jelly like sticky fluid inside
telangiesctasia
dilation of superficial blood vessels
fingertip eczema
dry, scaling, fissured finger tips where peeling reveals red and tender skin
pustule
elevation of skin containing pus, less than .5cm
skin scale
flaky skin
skin crust
flaky skin with fluid
patch
flat and above .5cm
macule
flat and less than .5cm
cyst
fluid filled sac greater than .5cm
androgen alopecia
genetically predisposed normal hair loss
Traction alopecia
hair loss due to continuous pulling of hair
trichotillomania
hair pulling disorder
eczematoid
inflammatory lesions with scales, vesicles and crusts with weeping
scabies
intense itching that's worse at night, burrows and pustules
secondary lesions
involve skin changes
stasis dermatitis
leg redness and swelling only on legs and associated with varicose veins, edema, CHF
crusted scabies
long standing scabies seen in nursing homes
tumor
lump of subcutaneous mass above .5cm
circinate shape
more curved c shape than arcuate
purpura
multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin, larger goes with petechiae
paronychia
nail infection usu due to staph
felon
painful abscess of deep tissue of palmar fingertip usu due to staph
acne
papular or pustular eruption located on face, chest, back
darier sign
plaque that if lightly stroked will form a wheal and intense erythema
plaque
raised and above .5cm
wheal
raised red skin lesion due to interstitial fluid
ocular rosacea
rosacea only in the eye
koilonychia
scooped out nails due to iron issues
petechiae
small, pinpoint hemorrhages, less than 2mm goes with purpura
folliculitis
superficial infection hair follicles usu due to staph seen frequently in areas of shaving itching and burning with pustule around hair follicle
skin atrophy
thining of skin
lichenification
tightly packed set of papules that thickens skin; caused by prolonged intense scratching
Beau's lines
transverse groove due to: injury, illness, cx, zinc issues
Koebner phenomenon
traumatic induction of psoriasis
blanching
turns white
verrucous lesion
wart-like lesion
erosion lesion
wearing away or loss of epidermis