descriptive statistics
What is the standard score?
have the same reference point and the same standard deviation; indicates how many standard deviations an observation is above or below the mean
What is inferential statistics?
help make decisions (null and research hypothesis, generalizing from sample to population)
*statistics that help you make decisions about how data relate to hypotheses and issues of generalizability
inferential statistics
What is descriptive statistics?
basic measures that explain distribution characteristics (avg scores on a variable)
*Measure of the mean, median, and mode
central tendency
*initial look at raw data, what does it look like?
jig saw puzzle
What is variability?
degree of spread and dispersion in a set of scores
*statistics that explain characteristics of a distribution
descriptive statistics
What is comparing distribution of scores?
descriptive statistics
What is range?
difference between highest and lowest score
What can z scores be used for?
predict percentage of scores above and below a particular score, and probability that a particular score will occur in distribution
*measure of variability, which is the square of the standard deviation
variance
T/F: mode is the number of times the most frequent scores occurs.
False
What is mean?
arithmetic average
What is standard deviation?
average difference of each score from mean
what are characteristics of a bell shaped curve?
mean = median = mode, symmetrical about midpoint, tails approach axis but do not touch
what is variance?
measure of variability, square of the standard deviation
what is mean, median, and mode?
measures of central tendency
what is median?
midpoint in a distribution
what is mode?
most frequent score
*average amount each score varies from the mean
standard deviation
What are measures of variability?
standard deviation, range, variance
*have same reference point and same standard deviation
standard scores
what is a z score?
subtracting the group mean from an individual score and dividing that result by the group standard deviation