descriptive statistics

What is the standard score?

have the same reference point and the same standard deviation; indicates how many standard deviations an observation is above or below the mean

What is inferential statistics?

help make decisions (null and research hypothesis, generalizing from sample to population)

*statistics that help you make decisions about how data relate to hypotheses and issues of generalizability

inferential statistics

What is descriptive statistics?

basic measures that explain distribution characteristics (avg scores on a variable)

*Measure of the mean, median, and mode

central tendency

*initial look at raw data, what does it look like?

jig saw puzzle

What is variability?

degree of spread and dispersion in a set of scores

*statistics that explain characteristics of a distribution

descriptive statistics

What is comparing distribution of scores?

descriptive statistics

What is range?

difference between highest and lowest score

What can z scores be used for?

predict percentage of scores above and below a particular score, and probability that a particular score will occur in distribution

*measure of variability, which is the square of the standard deviation

variance

T/F: mode is the number of times the most frequent scores occurs.

False

What is mean?

arithmetic average

What is standard deviation?

average difference of each score from mean

what are characteristics of a bell shaped curve?

mean = median = mode, symmetrical about midpoint, tails approach axis but do not touch

what is variance?

measure of variability, square of the standard deviation

what is mean, median, and mode?

measures of central tendency

what is median?

midpoint in a distribution

what is mode?

most frequent score

*average amount each score varies from the mean

standard deviation

What are measures of variability?

standard deviation, range, variance

*have same reference point and same standard deviation

standard scores

what is a z score?

subtracting the group mean from an individual score and dividing that result by the group standard deviation