Developmental Psychology Final

A teenager in the identity foreclosure status would most likely say,

"I believe what my parents have taught me and have no reason to doubt that they are right."

The overriding factor for children in positive adjustment after divorce is ________.

effective parenting

Shawn is responsible for dividing the extra candy from the end-of-year soccer party. Shawn makes sure each player has the same number of pieces. This demonstrates the concept of ______ in distributive justice.

equity

Ron pours a glass of milk for his daughter. She wants more so he pours the milk from a short, fat glass into a tall, thin one. Not amused, his daughter asks for a bigger glass and states "the milk is higher in this glass, but the glass is thinner." Her answer demonstrates the mental operation of

Compensation

Kelly is 8 years old and has begun to bug her mother to buy her basketball trading cards. Kelly has amassed quite a collection and spends several hours a week sorting the cards by team, player position, and jersey number. Kelly's behavior shows she has accomplished.

Hierarchical classification

Your 7-year-old nephew is having problems with bedwetting at night. If his parents ask you to suggest an effective treatment, you will let them know that _________ is the most effective way of dealing with this problem.

Urine Alarm

Sara was early to physically mature, research says she is at greater risk of:

1) Early sexual activity 2) Being ostracized by her same age peers 3) Using alcohol and drugs

Which of the following statements about the production of hormones at puberty is false?

At puberty, the body begins to produce several hormones, which have not been present in the body up until this time.

The idealism of adolescents often leads them to become

More critical of parent and siblings.

Sarah, a third grade teacher, is preparing a lesson on the use of a balance. She separates the students into groups of three or four (all of whom know very little about the subject) and gives each group a balance and set of washers for weights. She then allows the groups to experiment and explore using the items, with limited intervention. This approach to education is best associated with the theoretical perspective of:

Piaget.

During adolescence, teenagers deidealize their parents. This contributes to

a rise in parent-child conflict.

Julianna is obese. She is likely to experience puberty

a) earlier than other girls.

Which of the following current average-weight children is most likely to become an obese adolescent & adult?

Steward, who is from a low-income family and is a heavy TV viewer

The observation that children today grow faster, and when mature are taller and weigh more than their parents and grandparents is known as:

The Secular Trend of Physical Growth

School-age children report which of the following after eating junk foods?

They feel sluggish.

Adolescents are most likely to conform more to their parents than their peers on which of the following questions?

Would I make a good nurse?

The majority of parent-adolescent disagreements focus on

a) everyday matters such as driving and curfews.

As children enter school and receive more feedback about how well they perform compared to their peers, self-esteem usually ________.

adjusts to a more realistic level

Mitch organizes a party for about 20 of his classmates who are all interested in theater, and they all watch a tape of the musical The Phantom of the Opera. This group of teenagers, who don't always hang out together, but share common interests, would most appropriately be labeled:

a crowd

In regards to planning ahead, younger adolescents:

are better than middle childhood kids but lack the thoroughness of older adolescents

John's arms are growing faster than his legs and his feet are disproportionate to the rest of his body. The awkwardness John is experiencing may be attributed to puberty's:

asynchronicity in growth

Which parenting style is predictive of stable, favorable self-esteem for adolescents?

authoritative

Daniele who is 9, when asked what is 2x2, quickly responds with 4. This compared to a year earlier when he would count on his fingers to get the answer. This increase in efficiency of processing is most likely due to:

automation of processing

_________________lead(s) adolescents to think more about themselves.

b) The ability to reflect on their thoughts, combined with physical and psychological changes,

Which of the following child-rearing styles is associated with superior school performance in adolescence?

b) authoritative

Bryan hears the following statement: "Either the train is moving or it is not moving. "If Bryan is in the formal operational stage, he will say that

b) the statement is true.

The first sign of puberty in girls is generally:

budding of the breasts

Connie's teenage daughter follows a strict diet during the day, exercises strenuously, binge eats in the evening, and often takes laxatives. Connie should be concerned that her daughter has

c) bulimia nervosa.

The boy's testes release large quantities of__________, which leads to muscle growth, body and facial hair, and other male sex characteristics.

c) the androgen testosterone

Aili is aware that she should attend closely to her teacher's directions, group items when memorizing, and reread a complicated paragraph to make sure she understands it. But she does not always engage in these activities. Aili is not yet good at

cognitive self-regulation.

Eight-year-old Daniel focuses on several aspects of a problem and relates them, rather than centering on just one. Daniel is capable of

decentration.

Nora's teacher thinks she has a behavior problem. As a result, Nora starts to believe that she is a troublemaker and begins to act out in the classroom. This is an example of a(n)

educational self-fulfilling prophecy.

Scaffolding refers to the

educing the quantity of social/educational support over the course of a teaching session.

In contemporary society, many young people are sent off to summer camps, boarding schools, or colleges. An analogous practice in traditional societies is known as:

extrusion

In her high school environmental science class Tina had to determine which of two fertilizers was the best for growing African violets. She tested not just the type of fertilizers but also for its concentration and frequency of use. Tina used:

hypothetico-deductive reasoning.

The belief that others are as interested in you as you are in them is best explained by the concept of the:

imaginary audience

Research confirms that an effective way to reduce prejudice is through ________.

intergroup contact in racially and ethnically diverse cooperative learning groups

Contemporary research shows that the storm-and-stress notion of adolescence ________.

is exaggerated

The _______ grow(s) the fastest in middle childhood.

lower body

Schools can help reduce obesity by

providing additional recess time.

Which of these is a secondary sexual characteristic?

pubic hair

On a measure of peer acceptance, Jud gets many negative votes from his classmates and no positive ones. Jud is a ________ child.

rejected

Adam and Philip occasionally wrestle, roll, hit, and run after one another, alternating roles while smiling and laughing. Adam and Philip are engaged in __________ play.

rough-and-tumble

In Canada and Western Europe, where community- and school-based clinics offer adolescents contraceptives and where universal health insurance helps pay for them, ________ than in the United States.

teenage pregnancy, childbirth, and abortion rates are much lower

Andrew, who has just turned 16, wants to get his driver's license. Prior to approaching his parents about the issue he prepares a list of reasons why having his license will make their life easier and ways he can help pay for things like insurance. Much to his parents' dismay, Andrew addresses nearly every concern they raise. This type of anticipation is due to Andrew's ability to:

think about possibilities

Mrs. Markie, a first-grade teacher, believes that, from the beginning, children should be exposed to text in its complete form so that they can appreciate the communicative function of written language. Mrs. Markie takes a ___________ approach to teaching reading.

whole-language