Diabetic Drugs Scherpath

A patient taking insulin has developed hypertension and has been prescribed a thiazide diuretic. Which statement made by the patient indicates a need for additional teaching about the interactions between the two medications?

"My insulin dose will need to be decreased."

A patient diagnosed with type 2 diabetic states, "I do not eat breakfast, but I will make sure to take my repaglinide." What is a correct response by the nurse?

"Skipping meals can cause your blood glucose to drop."

A nurse administering NPH insulin would expect peak effect to occur in what time frame?

6-12 hours

Which patient with diabetes should the nurse assess first?

A patient who reports palpitations and tachycardia

A type 2 diabetic patient who has been taking pioglitazone for 5 years has recently been diagnosed with heart failure. Which intervention can the nurse expect the health care provider to implement?

The current medication will be changed.

A newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetic patient asks the nurse, "Why do I need to rotate my injection sites?" Which nursing response is correct?

"Rotating injection sites in the abdomen promotes insulin absorption"

A patient with type 2 diabetes who has been admitted to the hospital for infection has been taking regular insulin for 10 years. Which statement made by the patient indicates a need for additional teaching?

"My insulin needs will be decreased."

A nurse is administering insulin glargine to a patient. What is the onset of action of this medication?

1-5 hours

The nurse observes Cates as she administers her insulin injection. The nurse will determine that teaching has been effective when Cates completes these steps in what order? Eliminate any bubbles in the syringe. Insert the needle and inject the insulin. Roll the vial between the palms of the hands. Select the site for the injection and cleanse it with an alcohol swab or soap and water. Invert the vial and remove the correct amount of insulin.

1. Roll the vial between the palms of the hands. 2. Invert the vial and remove the correct amount of insulin. 3. Eliminate any bubbles in the syringe. 4. Select the site for the injection and cleanse it with an alcohol swab or soap and water. 5. Insert the needle and inject the insulin.

The nurse should instruct Cates to immediately report which symptoms? Select all that apply. 1. Thirst 2. Vomiting 3. Constipation 4. Increased urine output 5. Sweet, fruity breath odor

1. Thirst 4. Increased urine output 5. Sweet, fruity breath odor

At what time of day would a nurse expect to administer a dose of exenatide subcutaneously?

60 minutes or less before the patient's meal

What instructions should the nurse provide to a patient about an insulin pump prior to discharge? Select all that apply. 1. Change the infusion set every 7 days. 2. Start the pump prior to eating a meal. 3. Change the infusion set every 1-3 days. 4. Use the same site for the catheter each time. 5. Move the catheter at least 1 inch away from the previous site.

3. Change the infusion set every 1-3 days. 5. Move the catheter at least 1 inch away from the previous site.

Which insulin can be administered intravenously? A. Regular insulin B. Insulin glargine C. Isophane insulin suspension NPH D. Insulin detemir

A. Regular insulin

What onset of action would a nurse expect when administering glyburide? A. Within 1 hour B. After 3 hours C. Between 4-6 hours D. Between 8-10 hours

A. Within 1 hour

Which type of insulin has an onset time of 15 minutes? A. Insulin zinc B. Insulin lispro C. Insulin detemir D. Insulin isophane

B. Insulin lispro

Which oral non-insulin drug is contraindicated in patients with renal impairment? A. Acarbose B. Metformin C. Pioglitazone D. Rosiglitazone maleate

B. Metformin

What nursing intervention is best practice prior to the administration of insulin? A. Obtaining of vital signs B. Weighing of the patient C. Verification of the patient's age D. Verification of the dosage by two nurses

D. Verification of the dosage by two nurses

A home health nurse is visiting a patient with type 2 diabetes to prefill insulin syringes. Where should the nurse store the prefilled insulin syringes? A. Freezer B. Window sill C. Refrigerator D. Kitchen Counter

C. Refrigerator

A nurse is providing patient education on repaglinide. Which statement is correct? A. "Take this medication 1 hour after eating." B. "Take this mediation with or without food." C. "Take this medication on an empty stomach." D. "Take this medication 30 minutes or less before eating."

D. "Take this medication 30 minutes or less before eating."

The nurse is providing patient education on how acarbose helps treat diabetes. Which statement is most appropriate? A. Decreases the release of insulin from the pancreas B. Stimulates the release of insulin from the pancreas C. Reduces insulin resistance and decreases glucose production D. Prevents starches from immediately breaking down to simple sugars

D. Prevents starches from immediately breaking down to simple sugars

Which non-insulin drug(s) should not be administered to a patient who is breastfeeding? A. Sitagliptin B. Repaglinide C. Pioglitazone D. Sulfonylureas

D. Sulfonylureas

The nurse is preparing a combination of insulins for a subcutaneous injection. Which insulin should the nurse draw up first? A. Insulin glargine B. The fast-acting insulin C. The long-acting insulin D. The short-acting insulin

D. The short-acting insulin

A nurse is treating an unconscious adult who is covered in sweat. The person has a history of diabetes. A blood glucose of 20 mg/dL is obtained. What should the nurse administer first?

Glucagon

A patient with type 2 diabetes has a blood glucose of 50 mg/dL and the patient's scheduled dose of insulin is due. What is the appropriate nursing intervention?

Hold scheduled dose and give orange juice

The nurse asks a patient to state the symptoms of hypoglycemia to assess understanding. Which symptom stated by the patient indicates a need for additional teaching?

Increased energy

What physiological response would the nurse expect in a patient after administration of insulin?

Increased glucose uptake

Four patients have been prescribed a non-insulin drug. Following administration of the drug, each patient has developed new symptoms. Which assessment data would indicate that the patient has a priority need for nursing intervention?

Itching and rash

What oral anti-diabetic drug should be withheld for 48 hours before and after tests that require intravenous contrast dye?

Metformin

Upon assessment, the nurse finds that a patient who has type 2 diabetes is alert, awake, pale, and complaining of weakness and nervousness. Which action should the nurse take first?

Obtain a blood glucose level

What class of medications is contraindicated for a patient with type 1 diabetes?

Sulfonylureas

A patient presents to the emergency department reporting heart palpitations. The patient is flushed, smells of alcohol, and is taking glipizide. What might the nurse suspect based on this clinical presentation?

The alcohol is reacting with the glipizide.