diasaster

During this phase, the disaster is considered over, and everyone is attempting to resume back to normal functioning. Which of the following phases is the correct choice? A. Recovery B.Re-assessment C. Re-evaluation D. Response

A

Which assessment is implemented during the START process? A. 30-60 sec RPM B. 30minute RPM C. 30-60sec full Head to Toe Assessment D. All of the above

A

Several clients are admitted to an adult medical unit. The nurse would ensure airborne precautions for a client with which of the following medical conditions? A diagnosis of AIDS and cytomegalovirus A positive PPD with an abnormal chest x-ray A tentative diagnosis of viral pneumonia Advanced carcinoma of the lung

A positive PPD with an abnormal chest x-ray

A new nurse is going through disaster orientation at the hospital. She knows an example of an internal disaster would be:  A hurricane that does not affect the hospital Flooding of a street 2 blocks away from the hospital A tree falls through the roof knocking out power on the unit A tornado that occurred in the neighboring community

A tree falls through the roof knocking out power on the unit

Responsibility for securing the scene, preserving life and treating the wounded is the responsibility of: A. First responders  B. Mental health professionals  C. Social workers who specialize in crisis management  D. All citizens

A. First responders

You are caring for a patient diagnosed with SARS. Droplet precautions have been implemented so you must: Wear a respirator Protect your eyes Use an air filter Wear shoe covers

Protect your eyes

A nurse arrives at a disaster area and the Humanitarian Charter Standards need to be implemented. The nurse will help set up which of the following? Water Supply Triage Transportation needs Medical Supply Count

Water Supply

. Disease Prevention and Health Promotion must focus on which of the following? Select all that apply. A. Immediate removal of the hazard from the environment. B. Decontamination of exposed individuals. C. The restoration of services to meet the immediate psychosocial needs of the affected people. D. Prevention of further illness or injury, from an exposure to the hazard

abd

4) What are the three principles of the public health nursing in disaster response? Select all that apply. a.Assessment b.Assuring c.Diagnosis d.Policy development

abd

5. What are the common psychosocial effects seen following a major disaster? Select all that apply A. separation anxiety B. PTSD C. joyfulness D. Engagement in high risk behaviors

abd

. Which of the following are considered acute onset natural disasters? Select all that apply. a.Blizzard b.Deforestation c.Tornado d.Drought e. Wildfire

ace

4. Which of the following types of disaster does the American red cross respond to? Select all that apply ? A. hurricanes B. acts of terrorism C. earthquakes D. tornadoes

all of the above

An example of an external disaster is a: tornado hurricane plane crash into a hospital parking lot all of the above

all of the above

Which of the following are among the top six preventable major causes of death in the world's children? a. Pneumonia b. Gastroenteritis c. Malaria d. Measles e. HIV

all of the above

4. In the field of a disaster, there are different triage zones that are classified. Which of the following is considered a hot zone?A. A distance of 300ft from outer perimeter of the hot zone. Rapid triage takes place. Only minimal amount of treatment is rendered to provide essential stabilization. B. An area immediately adjacent to the incident, minimal triage and medical care in this area and all staff must be in protective gear C. Adjacent to warm zone, decontaminated patients enter, secondary triage is performed.

b

5. A nurse is preparing to care for a client who has suspected exposure to unknown chemical. Which of the following sets of PPEs is required by OSHA for unknown exposures?  A. Gloves and gown B. Chemical-resistant suits that guard splash exposures and positive-pressure full-faced respirators. C. Mask and gloves D. Shoe covers, gloves, and hard hat

b

A medicine student arrives at the emergency unit due to a burn injury that occurred inside the laboratory and an inhalation injury is suspected. Which of the following is the appropriate oxygen therapy for the client? a. Oxygen via nasal cannula at 5 L/min b. Oxygen via a tight fitting, non-rebreather face mask at 100% concentration. c. Oxygen via nasal cannula at 10 L/min. d. Oxygen via Venturi mask at 30% Fi02

b

A nurse takes the time to read and understand the community's disaster plans and participates in mock disaster drills as a leader of the triage team. The nurse obtained disaster management training through the local Red Cross chapter and registered with the state as a disaster management nurse. The best description of the nurse's activities is: a) American Red Cross disaster training b) Community preparedness c) Personal preparedness d) Professional preparedness

b

Around what percentage of public schools have a plan for the prevention of a terrorist or mass casualty incident, according to 2006 survey? a.25% b.50% c.75% d.100%

b

How many Americans are killed each year as a result from being struck by lightening? a.25-50 b.75-100 c.100-125 d.Less than 25

b

III. The goal for mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery for preparing for an emergency are set to meet? a.Natural disasters b.All hazard c.Chemical events d.Terrorism events

b

An incoming patient has been minimally exposed to cyanide poisoning. What symptoms should the nurse expect the patient to have? (Select all that apply): Shortness of breath Sweating Coma Bradycardia Vomiting

Shortness of breath Sweating Vomiting

3. All of the following are examples of natural disaster except? A. flood B. bobming C. hurricane D. tornado

B

A nursing student is studying about disasters and emergency preparedness. Which of the following statements by the nursing student depicts a correct understanding of the difference between a disaster and an emergency? "Disasters are man-made only." "An emergency is an unforeseen combination of circumstances calling for immediate action for a range of victims." "Man-made disasters are intentional only." "Emergencies are caused by acts of nature or emerging diseases

"An emergency is an unforeseen combination of circumstances calling for immediate action for a range of victims."

15 year old male arrives at the emergency department. He is conscious, coherent and ambulatory, but his shirt is covered with blood. He and his hysterical friends are yelling trying to explain that they were goofing around and he got poked in the abdomen with a stick. Which of the following comments should be given first consideration?  "He's a diabetic, so he needs attention right away" "There was a lot of blood and we used 3 bandages" "The stick was really dirty and covered with mud" *"He pulled the stick out, just now, because it was hurting him"

*"He pulled the stick out, just now, because it was hurting him"

A nurse has just been informed that the hospital is currently under a bomb threat. She is instructed to continue her regular care and wait for instructions. What phase of the internal disaster response plan is this? Alert Phase Response Phase Expanded Phase Command Phase

Alert phase

Which is the correct Order of Transport A. Black, Green, Red, Yellow B. Red, Yellow, Green, Black C. Yellow, Red, Green, Black D. None of the Above

B

Which of the following personnel would be responsible for the interagency communication? A. Public Information Officer B. Liaison Officer C. Safety Officer D. Chief Operating Officer

B

1. Which is not a type of reaction that disaster relief workers experience? A. denial B. Fatigue C. Happiness D. memory problems

C

Which of the following is the nurse's priority in treating a patient who has been exposed to a chemical agent? Restrict fluids Obtain CBC Establish airway Initiate IV line

Establish airway

A Hurricane creates a disaster area and clients lose their home. As they find shelter, they have crossed national borders. The governmental protection that applies to them is: Their home nation's government The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) International Protective Service Agency (IPSA)

The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

2. A patient arrives in the emergency department after exposure to radioactive dust. Which action should the nurse take first? a. Place the patient in a shower. b. apply wet sheets and a fan to the patient. c. Assist with intubation of the patient.

a

An 18 year old is brought to the ED with multiple lacerations and tissue avulsion of the right hand. When asked about tetanus immunization, the patient denies having any previous vaccinations. The nurse will anticipate administrations of ____________________. a. TIG and Tdap b. Pain medication c. Lidocaine shots to the hand d. Influenza Vaccine

a

How long should a chemical burn to the eye be irrigated? a. 15 minutes b. 20 minutes c. 5 minutes d. 1 minute

a

Nurse Ejay is assigned to a telephone triage. A client called who was stung by a honeybee and is asking for help. The client reports of pain and localized swelling but has no respiratory distress or other symptoms of anaphylactic shock. What is the appropriate initial action that the nurse should direct the client to perform? a.Removing the stinger by scraping it. b.Applying a cold compress. c.Taking an oral antihistamine. d.Calling the 911

a

In _____ phase patients are reassessed, and a more thorough history is obtained. A. Primary B. Secondary C. Tertiary

b

What is most crucial element in disaster management? A. Tell everyone that everything will be okay B. Plan ahead (do not wait until disaster happens) C. Wait until a disaster happens and then plan according to the disaster D. Utilize the same plan for every possible disaster

b

Which of the following route should the nurse expect the pain medication to be given to a client who was admitted with extensive burns? a.Oral b.Intravenous c.Intramuscular d.Subcutaneous

b

While Health care institution serves the community, what is the goal of the emergency managers? a.Serve only individual b.Assist large number of people with available resources c. Provide care to women and child only d. Assist employers with patient care

b

a nurse is leaving the hospital after a terrorist attack and is confronted by a mass of media for information on victims. She should be prepared to... a.Make a statement b.Give the name of the hospital liaison c.Run and hide from the crowd d.Say hello to her family and friends

b

Which of the following are the three types of disaster planning in disaster management? A. Defined, disaster, and emergency planning B. Community-based, organizational, and aftermath planning C. Strategic, contingency, and forward planning D. All-hazardous, air pollutants, and chemical planning

c

5) Planning for disaster in primary and secondary schools includes all. Except: a.Obtain necessary equipment and supplies b.Create maps and facilities information c.Provide accountability and student release procedures d. Call the parents of students before doing any further procedures

d

Infants and children can potentially inhale a higher dosage or amount of toxic substances than adults? true or false

true

When do most victims of a disaster arrive at the hospital? 2-3 hours after the event Within the first 24 hours Within the first hour 4-6 hours after the event

within the first hour

Which best describes the meaning of the word "triage"? A. Assembling B. Dispersing C. Labeling D. Sorting

d

. A member of the command system that supports commands and operations in their use of personnel, supplies and equipment is known as? a.Incident commander b.Liaison officer c. Branch director d.Operations officer

b

There are three different categories in terms of which is most dangerous, category A is... a.An emerging agent b.Most deadliest c.Second highest priority d.None of the above

b

A nurse is working with community members in order to aid them in preparation for any disaster. She helps the clients compile a personal list of basic supplies needed in case of a disaster. Which of the following should the nurse instruct the clients to include? (Select All That Apply) A. Three quarts of water per person B. Clean clothing C. Personal identification D. Matches E. Prescription medications

bcde

1) During a radiological event, what would the PHN do first? a.Help get patients to safety. b.Don appropriate level of PPE. c.Protect themselves. d.Brief the near by hospitals on what to expect

c

An example of an internal disaster would be: a. tornado that does not affect the hospital b.flooding of a street near the hospital c.a tree falling onto a patient unit d. a hurricane in the next town

c

As the primary nurse in response to a local disaster in your community, what is the first thing you would do as a first responder? A. Detect any changes in the environment B. Re-establish the sanitary barriers that protect communities from environmental hazards C. Assess the affected community for the presence or absence of the fundamentals for health such as clean water, safe food, sanitation, and shelter D. Plan for continuous maintenance and monitoring the facilities for adequate needs

c

Category A agents include all of the following except a.Anthrax b.Small pox c.West Nile virus d. Plague

c

In the work setting, what is the primary responsibility of the nurse in preparation for disaster management, that includes natural disasters and bioterrorism incidents? a.Being aware of the signs and symptoms of potential agents of bioterrorism. b.Making ethical decisions regarding exposing self to potentially lethal substances. c.Being aware of the agency's emergency response plan. d.Being aware of what and how to report to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

c

Mr. Smith walk in the hospital emergency department complaining of chest pain and headache. The client was in the car accident early during the day. He does not have health insurance. What is the priority nursing action for this client? a. Tell the patient that he needs health insurance b.Report to the supervisor c. Provide appropriate care without questioning about health insurance d. Send the patient home

c

Responsibility for securing the scene, preserving life and treating the wounded is the responsibility of: a. First responders b.Mental health professionals c.Social workers who specialize in crisis management d.All citizens

c

The nurse is administering fluids intravenously as ordered to a client who acquired full-thickness burn injury on the abdomen. To determine the sufficiency of fluid resuscitation, the nurse would monitor which of the following that would provide the most reliable parameter for determining the adequacy? a.Level of Consciousness. b.Peripheral pulses c.Urine output d.Vital signs

c

When planning the response to the potential use of the smallpox as an agent of terrorism, the ED nurse manager will plan to obtain sufficient amounts of ___________. a.IV fluids b.Portable shower pods c.Vaccines d.Masks and gowns

c

Ambulatory care nurses are often among the first health care workers to encounter victims from bioterrorist attack. In what order would you take do actions of the staff for the ED in the event of a biochemical incident. A. Don personal protective equipment. B. Report to the public health department or CDC per protocol. C. protect the environment for safety of personnel and non-affected patients. D. Decontaminate the victims in a separate area. Triage according to protocol.

cadb

2. There has been a bioterrorist attack, the community is waiting for help. Which of the following is the first to respond? A. State government B. Federal government C. Police and Fire Department D. Local Government

d

3) Which of the following is not one of the things that the vulnerable population should keep readily available? a.Driver's license b.Medication c.Special dietary need d.House keys

d

A nurse wishes to become actively involved in disaster management and is extremely interested in providing first aid and delivering aggregate health promotion, disease prevention, and emotional support. It would be ideal for the nurse to train and volunteer as which of the following? a) Community emergency response team member b) disaster medical assistance team member c) Member of the Medical Reserve Corps d) Red Cross shelter manager

d

A patient arrives in the ED after exposure to radioactive dust. Which action should the nurse take first? a. Wipe down with Wet wipes b. Move the patient to a isolation room c. Strip the patient of all their clothing d. Place the patient in the shower

d

A patient who has experienced blunt trauma from a blast is complaining of increasing abdominal pain. The nurse will plan to teach the patient about the purpose of __________________. a.Pain management b.Deep breathing c.Guided imagery d. Ultrasonography

d

All cases of... illnesses botulism should be treated as public health emergency a. Infantile b. Wound c. Intestinal d. Foodborne

d

. Which of the following are involved with the process of disaster management? Select all the apply. A. The Plan B. Recovery C. Preparedness D. Mitigation E. Triage

ACD

The following are classifications of disasters except for? A. Combined Disaster B. External Disaster C. Internal Disaster D. Postdisaster

D

The following are the major riot control agents used? (Select all that apply): Chloroacetophenone Nitrogen Mustard Chlorobenzylidenemalononitrile Diphenylaminerarsine Arsine

Chloroacetophenone Chlorobenzylidenemalononitrile Diphenylaminerarsine

2. What kind of disaster results in mass causalities due to war or political conflict ? A. health disaster B. environmental disaster C. natural disaster D. man made disaster

D

What is the priority treatment option for a patient exposed to blistering agents? Antibiotic ointment Sterile Dressing Decontamination using soap & water Ophthalmic ointment

Decontamination using soap & water

The nurse knows that during the impact phase of the disaster nursing timeline, she would perform which of the following? Revise original disaster plan Participate in the community risk assessment Monitor mental health of survivors Establish safe shelter and delivery of food and water

Establish safe shelter and delivery of food and water

While reviewing disaster planning, a nurse needed a refresher on an external disaster. Which of the following would be external disasters? Select all that apply. Hurricane Water loss in the hospital Tornado Patient violence to a nurse

HURRICANE, TORNADO

Which of the following is the FIRST priority in preventing infections when providing care for a client? Hand washing Wearing gloves Using a barrier between client's furniture and nurse's bag Wearing gowns and goggles

Hand washing

Contact precautions would be mandated for a hospitalized adult patient diagnosed with Hepatitis B Measles Meningitis Infectious Diarrhea

Infectious Diarrhea

. An emergency room nurse is working when there is a bioterrorism attack in the city. Which of the following statements is a correct with regard to injuries or symptoms associated with a bioterrorism attack? A. The main purpose of biological weapon use is contained devastation. B. It is not uncommon for the results of a biological attack to be made known several hours or days after the attack. C. Biological attacks are usually known right away D. Detection is easy as clients go to a number of different health care facilities.

b

. Consent from an individual to obtain health information is required for which of the following: A. Disclosure directly to the individual B. Disclosure to the person responsible for the estate of the individual C. Disclosure to the individual's family member or representative D. Disclosure to appropriate federal agencies or authorities pursuant to federal law

b

1. What is the ability to exhibit positive outcomes in the face of serious threats? a.Cosequences b.Resilience c. Factors d.Bonding

b

2) Who should brief the hospitals to prepare them for walk in patients? a.PHN b.PHN manager c.FEMA manager d.CDC

b

A nurse is assessing a patient infected with anthrax, the nurse notes that the patients symptoms have significantly progressed when... occurs A. Chest pain B. Sore throat C. Respiratory failure D. Abdominal pain

c

A nurse is reviewing the disaster and nursing plans for the hospital before updating them. What characteristics need to be addressed as it is not helpful in a disaster preparedness plan? A. The plan is broad in scope and able to address multiple types of disasters B. The plan is comprehensive and contains plans for advancing preparation, disaster management and post disaster evaluation C. The plan stresses autonomy and independence from nearby organizations D. The plan includes information about long-term management of the after effects of the disaster

c

A nurse is assigned to provide community outreach to a small town that was partially destroyed by a tornado 3 years earlier and has been rebuilt. The first client is a family who lost their home and their best friend in the tornado. The best intervention would include: a) Assessment of the family's home environment to rule out safety issues  b) Avoidance of discussion of the disaster of 3 years ago c) Consideration that the family will have worked through the emotional aftermath by now d) Support of the family in preparing a personal disaster response plan

d

Treatment for small includes which of the following? a. Doxycycline b. Ciprofloxacin c. Penicillin d. None of the above

d

2. The first reaction of a disaster is often a combination of shock and __________. Excitement Denial Confidence Asthma

denial

Which of the following injuries would be considered Immediate/ Red? A. Open fracture B. 1st degree burn C. Eye wound D. Unresponsive

a

Which of the following is not one of the key elements to build trust in case of a disaster? A. Fear B. Competence C. Honesty D. Commitment

a

. Michael works as a triage nurse and four clients arrive at the emergency department at the same time. List the order in which the will assess these clients from first to last  1. A 50 year old female with moderate abdominal pain and occasional vomiting 2. A 35 year old jogger with a twisted ankle having a pedal pulse and no deformity 3. An ambulatory dazed male with a bandaged head wound 4. An irritable infant with a fever, petechiae, and nuchal rigidity A.1,2,3,4 B.2,1,3,4 C.*4,3,1,2 D.3,4,2,1

C

Standard precautions mandate Rinsing gloves that become visibly soiled during use Using antimicrobial soap for routine hand washing Disinfecting hands immediately after when removing gloves Keeping gloves on when touching environmental surface

Disinfecting hands immediately after when removing gloves

___________________ are liquids at room temperature that are capable of producing vapors that can absorb into the skin, lungs, and GI tract. Classified in two groups agents G and V. Nerve Agents Riot Control Agents Blood Agents Choking Agents

Nerve agents

A newly graduated nurse is learning about the nurse's role in disaster relief as part of an orientation to the hospital. Which of the following concepts is accurate? Learning about the prevention and mitigation of disasters is nice to know, but not essential Nurses take a passive role in helping others to save lives and fulfill an important obligation. Applying advanced skills can be very helpful until help arrives. Nurses may have to assume expanded roles in making decisions for the most appropriate treatment of casualties

Nurses may have to assume expanded roles in making decisions for the most appropriate treatment of casualties

. People with _______ may experience flashbacks to the storms, pnic attacks, and exhibit extreme startle reflexes after a natural disaster Insomnia *PTSD Confidence Asthma

PTSD

What serves as consent to treat children who arrive in the emergency department if no parent is present to give consent? a. EMTALA-Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor b. Act c. Committee on Environmental Health d. American Academy of Pediatricians e. Pediatric Emergency Preparedness Program

a

. Three students are admitted into the ED presenting with a fever and shortness of breath. What is most likely the possible cause? A. Mold B. Chemical Spill C. Oil Spill D. Pesticide Poisoning

a

3. A nurse is discussing with nursing staff the nurses' responsibility in preplanning for decontamination after a disaster. Which of the following should be included in the discussion? A. Identify community medical services that will be available B. Evaluate the impact of a disaster on the community C. Assess survivors of a disaster for levels of psychological stress D. Link victims with support agencies to help with food, clothing, shelter, and counseling needs

a

5. At the disaster site the wounded are sorted into categories according to the medical need and medial utility. In what order are they treated: A. Major injuries, Not in immediate danger, Minor injuries, Treatment not effective B. Not in immediate danger, Major injuries, Minor injuries, Treatment not effective C. Minor injuries, Major injuries, Not in immediate danger, Treatment not effective D. Treatment not effective, Major injuries, Not in immediate danger, Minor injuries

a

A family in the emergency department is overwhelmed at the loss of several family members due to a shooting incident in the community. Which intervention should the nurse complete first? a. Provide a calm location for the family to cope and discuss needs. b. Call the hospital chaplain to stay with the family and pray for the deceased. c. Do not allow visiting of the victims until the bodies are prepared. d. Provide privacy for law enforcement to interview the family

a

A group of people arrived at the emergency unit by a private car with complaints of periorbital swelling, cough, and tightness in the throat. There is a strong odor emanating from their clothes. They report exposure to a "gas bomb" that was set off in the house. What is the priority action? a.Direct the clients to the decontamination area. b.Direct the clients to the cold or clean zone for immediate treatment. c.Measure vital signs and auscultate lung sounds. d.Immediately remove other clients and visitors from the area. e.Instruct personnel to don personal protective equipment

a

A natural disaster can be defined as which of the following: a. major adverse event resulting from natural processes of the Earth. b. an unexpected change in the natural landscape of the earth. c. something that occurs as a result of the change in the atmosphere. d. a terrible event in natural that can never be predicted.

a

A nurse is working with an interdisciplinary committee in the development of a community-wide emergency response plan in the event of a disaster. The nurse should assure that the community's emergency communication plan for a non-biological or chemical incident includes which of the following agencies to be notified immediately following the call to 911? A. Office of Emergency Management B. The Federal Emergency Management Agency C. American Red Cross D. U.S. Department of Homeland Security

a

A supervisor in a healthcare facilities was discussing with the nurses about the four phases of emergency planning. Which phase will the nurses recognize as an immediate action to save lives and protect an environmental property? a.The response phase b.Mitigation Measures c.Preparedness Efforts d.Recovery function

a

The ED triage nurse is assessing four victims of a blast. Which patient has the highest priority treatment? a.A patient with a sucking chest wound b.A patient with facial fractures and lacerations c.A patient with a compound fracture of the femur d.A patient with pelvic fractures and dislocated hips

a

What is a good estimation tool to use for burn size estimation? a.Rule of Nine b.Rule of Ten c.Rule of one d. Rule of Eight

a

Psychological changes resulting from a disaster are related to children's: a. Cognitive level b. Family's reaction to the disaster c. Culture d. Family size

ab

3. Nursing Responsibilities in disaster: (Select all that apply) A. Know the evacuation procedures and routes in your facilities B. Develop your knowledge of most likely and most dangerous biological weapons C. Monitor for unusual disease patterns D. Save yourself and get to safety as soon as possible E. Call a state of emergency

abc

5. What can a drought cause? Select all that apply. a.Diseases b.Hunger c.Thirst d.Economic problems

abcd

The highest priority for a nurse who is among the first responders to a disaster is:  a) Arranging for shelter for disaster providers.  b) Beginning community assessment as soon as possible to ensure a rapid recovery c) Beginning surveillance and planning needed health education for disaster survivors d) Immediately developing plans for effective triage and client management

d

Which Amendment of the Clean Air Act of 1960 requires companies that use certain flammable and toxic substances to develop a plan to prevent chemical spills? A. Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasures (SPCC) B. EPCRA of 1986 C. Risk Management Program Rule D. Toxic Releases Inventory

c

What is the appropriate response when a nurse is asked what action to take when a winter storm warning is in action? a."People should be aware some snow might fall and cause traffic delays." b."This is just a basic warning, you don't need to do anything different." c."The severe weather may affect your area." d."It is critical to activate emergency plans as a large winter storm is coming."

d

A nurse is discussing emergency response with a newly licensed nurse. The nurse should identify which of the following is a triage officer during the time of a disaster? A. Members of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) B. Responding law enforcement officers C Representatives from the American Red Cross D. Nurses and other emergency medical personnel

d

Disasters frequently result in all of the following EXCEPT. a.Damage to the ecological environment b.Displacement of populations c.Destruction of a population's homeland d.Sustained public attention during the recovery phase

d

The emergency support functions of the National Response Framework (NRF) and the National Incident Management System (NIMS) provide: a) Authority to step in and take control of state, local, and voluntary organizations during disasters.  b) Command and control for American Red Cross and Disaster Medical Assistance teams.  c) Oversight of federal and state response operations, with minimal interaction with other organizations. d) Written approach, protocol, and common language for responders from federal agencies and other voluntary organizations

d

The following are emergency risk communication principle except................ A. Acknowledge there is a process in place B. Express wishes C. Give people things to do D. Over reassure the people

d