Digestion Final Exam

Pataasin ang iyong marka sa homework at exams ngayon gamit ang Quizwiz!

What are the three regions of the small intestine?

1. Duodenum 2. Jejunum 3. Ileum

What is the difference between a bolus and chyme?

Bolus: food that has been chewed in the mouth, mixed with saliva and swallowed. Chyme: Bolus that has been churned with HCL in the stomach and is released into the small intestine.

What is the purpose of bicarbonate ions?

Neutralize acidic chyme coming from stomach

What organ secretes digestive enzymes into the small intestine?

Pancreas

How is the pancreas connected the small intestine?

Pancreatic duct unites with commonbile duct before entering duodenum

What is the function of gall bladder?

Stores & concentrates bile.

How does the gall bladder connected to the small intestine

The liver cells secrete the bile into small canals that lead to the common bile duct. Another duct branches off and leads to the gallbladder. The common bile duct ends at the small intestine. The bile produced by the liver flows directly into the small intestine.

Why are the pancreas, liver, and gallbladder considered part of the digestive system?

The liver digests food by producing bile to break down fats. The pancreas produces enzymes to help break down proteins, fats and carbohydrates. The gall bladder stores the bile that is produced by the liver.

What is intrinsic factor

a component that aids in absorption of vitamin b12

What makes the stomach secrete gastric juice?

acetylcholine is released from smelling food this stimulates stomach cells to release the hormone, gastrin that increases secretion

What is the "tube" called in which food moves?

alimentary canal

What is the purpose of proteases?

break down proteins into amino acids

What is the purpose of nuclease?

breaks down nucleic acids into nucleotides

What is the purpose of pancreatic lipase?

breaks down triglycerides into glycogen and fatty acids

What are the functions of the liver?

carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, protein metabolism, storage, blood filtering, detoxification, secretion

what is digested in the small intestine

carbohydrates, proteins, and fats

What are the two sphincters of the stomach?

cardiac sphincter and pyloric sphincter

What are the parts of the large intestine or colon?

cecum, appendix, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon

What does chemical digestion mean?

change in molecular structure through the use of enzymes

What does the term "mechanical digestion" mean?

change in physical form (big to small)

What is the purpose of pancreatic amylase?

complete carbohydrate digestion

What are the two functions of the small intestine

digestion and absorption

Bile helps the small intestine to digest/absorb what molecule?

fatty acids

What are the regions of the stomach?

fundus, body, pylorus

How are the liver and gallbladder related?

gallbladder stores and releases bile. liver produces bile that helps digest fats in the food you eat.

What is the purpose of gastric pits in the stomach

gastric pits communicate with stomach and transport gastric cell secretion

When someone has heartburn or acid reflux, what is happening?

inflammation of the esophageal mucosa due to reflux of gastric juice back in esophagus.

What is saliva's role in digestion?

lubricates food and allows food to glide through alimentary canal

What is the peritoneum?

membrane that lines the inside of abdominal cavity

where and what digests lipids

mouth, bile

how does food move through the digestion system?

mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, anus

composition of saliva

mucus, serous, amylase

How does the function of the pancreas relate to the function of the small intestine?

pancreatic cells produce pancreatic juice which passes nito the duodenum, via the pancreatic duct.

What is the function of mucus in the digestive system?

protects mucosal lining of stomach

What is the function of mucus of the large intestine?

protects the intestinal wall from acid

The liver filters blood that comes from the small intestine, for what purpose?

removes bacteria and damaged red blood cells. parts of damaged blood cells are become part of bile

What is the function of rugae?

ridges to increase surface area of the stomach

What liver function helps aid digestion

secretion of bile

Where and what digests carbohydrates

small intestine, amylase

What is an ulcer?

sore that exposes underlying tissue in stomach caused by bacteria

Where and what digests proteins

stomach, pepsin

What is mesentery?

thin tissue that supports the internal organs

Describe the role the uvula, tongue, and epiglottis have in swallowing.

tongue initiates swallowing, uvula helps close off nasal cavity from oral cavity, epiglottis closes off trachea.

What is the main function of the large intestine?

water absorption

What is peristalsis?

wave-like muscle contractions


Kaugnay na mga set ng pag-aaral

PN Pharmacology Online Practice 2020A

View Set

Biology 101: Cells /Chapters 5, 6a/ Pearson Mastering Biology

View Set

PSYC&100 General Psychology: Chapter 6

View Set

NURSING LEADERSHIP & MANAGEMENT REVIEW

View Set

Certify Teacher EC-6 (391) Visual Arts

View Set

Introduction to Network Fundamentals FINAL EXAM

View Set

Chapter 10-ENTR-202-Small Business Promotion: Capturing the Eye of Your Market

View Set