Digital Lit Chapter2

kilobyte

A _____ is approximately 1,000 bytes.

interface

A port, which is also known as a(n) _____, is an external plug-in socket on a computing device.

touchscreen

Smartphones and tablets use a(n) _____ as an input device.

voice input

Some operating systems provide basic software for _____ as part of their accessibility tools.

the system unit

The main part of a computer is called

American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII); Chinese

The main shortcoming of _____ as a coding scheme was that it could NOT handle languages with complex alphabets, such as _____.

The bus will be able to carry more data.

What is the benefit of having a larger bus width?

stylus

When you touch a _____ to a spot on the surface of a tablet, a circuit is completed and the computer receives a digital code that corresponds to the location of the circuit on the grid.

pipeline

Which of the following is not part of the core, or the essential processor components? a. control unit b. pipeline c. registers d. arithmetic logic unit (ALU)

cyan

A color laser printer uses four colors of toner: black, magenta, _____, and yellow.

memory

A computer's _____ stores data by holding a 1 and 0 value in each transistor and then reporting it when requested to do so.

audio input

. _____ includes speech, music, and sound effects that are entered into a computer.

multicore processor

A _____ enables a computer to process several instructions at once, as if the system physically contains more than one CPU.

universal serial bus (USB)

A _____ is a general-purpose port used by many different devices, including both input devices (such as keyboards and mice) and external storage devices.

bus; motherboard

A _____ is an electronic path along which data is transmitted, and it's typically embedded in the _____.

high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI) port

A _____ is the interface designed for connecting digital devices, such as home theater equipment.

pixel

A _____ is the smallest picture element that a monitor can display and is represented by one or more bits of binary data.

heats; vacuum

A thermal inkjet printer _____ the ink, creating a vapor bubble that forces the ink out of the cartridge, through a nozzle, and onto the paper. A(n) _____ is created inside the cartridge, causing more ink to be drawn into the nozzle.

heat

A thermal printer uses _____ to transfer an impression onto the paper.

alphanumeric

A traditional keyboard that includes both numbers and letters is classified as a(n) _____ keyboard.

as a type of monitor connector.

A video graphics adapter (VGA) port is commonly used

parallel port

A(n) _____ (also called an LPT port, which is short for line printer) is a 25-pin female D-sub connector on a PC that matches up with a 25-pin male connector on a cable.

expansion board; external devices

A(n) _____ adds some specific capability to the system, such as sound, networking, or extra ports for connecting _____.

Ethernet port

A(n) _____ closely resembles the port used for a telephone jack but is a little wider, but is used for connecting computers to networks.

3-D printer

A(n) _____ creates just about any object you can design in a three-dimensional modeling program on the computer.

gyroscope

A(n) _____ describes an object's orientation in space.

bitmap

A(n) _____ is a matrix of rows and columns of pixels.

encoding scheme

A(n) _____ is a system of binary codes that represent different letters, numbers, and symbols.

high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI) port

A(n) _____ is commonly used TODAY to connect a computing device to a TV so the TV can be used as a monitor.

expansion bus

A(n) _____ provides communication between the CPU and a peripheral device, such as a second monitor.

nonimpact

An inkjet printer belongs to which broad category of printers?

graphics tablet

Artists, engineers, and others who need precise control over input can use a _____ to simulate drawing on paper.

megapixels

Digital camera resolution is described in

fuser

During the final step in laser printing, the paper passes through a _____, which causes the image to stick to the paper.

memory address

Each location in random-access memory (RAM) has an individual _____ that the operating system can work with directly, rather than having to search from beginning to end.

rewrite

Electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) allows you to _____ certain ROM chips on your own.

EEPROM

Flash memory is a type of _____ that's used primarily for storage—not as a substitute for RAM.

flat documents

Flat-bed scanners are commonly used for

virtual keyboard

If you don't have a physical keyboard available, you can enter information by selecting keys with a mouse using a(n)

charge-coupled device (CCD).

In a scanner, the sensor that records light strength is called a(n)

Step 6

In which step of the scanning process is the scanned document sent to a computer program? (See Picture)

fractions of a second

Memory access time is usually stated in

a sound card

Nearly all PCs today have sound support that's either built in or provided by an add-on circuit board called

bar code

Nearly every product today is marked with a(n) _____, which is a set of black bars of varying widths and spacing.

megabyte

One million bytes is a

pages per minute

Print speed is measured in ppm, which stands for

can't be updated easily

ROM has the advantage of being very quick to read from, but it

portable

Repair and service technicians who travel to remote sites use _____ printers to generate invoices and receipts for customers.

digital video camera

Some digital cameras capture both video and still images, but a _____ is designed primarily for capturing video.

power supply

The _____ converts alternating current (AC) from your wall outlet to the lower-voltage direct current (DC) that's required by computer components.

keyboard

The _____ is the most common input device for computers.

It directs and coordinates the CPU's overall operation.

The control unit serves what purpose in a CPU?

thermal wax transfer

The images produced by a _____ printer are printed as dots and must be dithered; as a result, they are lower in quality than the images produced by a modern inkjet or laser printer.

central processing unit (CPU)

The term microprocessor is sometimes used to refer to the _____, the most essential and busiest component in a computer system.

static RAM (SRAM)

This type of RAM isn't used as the main memory in PCs because it's expensive, but it's faster than dynamic RAM (DRAM) and doesn't lose its data when the power goes off.

dynamic RAM (DRAM)

This type of RAM requires a constant supply of electricity to keep its contents intact and is sometimes called volatile RAM because of the possibility of losing data.

True

True or False: A QWERTY keyboard is named for the first six letters in the top row of letters on the keyboard.

True

True or False: A byte is an eight-digit binary number between 00000000 and 11111111.

True

True or False: Most RAM is synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM), which means its operations are synchronized with memory access time.

True

True or False: Printers are categorized into two broad groups based on how they affix or attach the print to the medium: nonimpact and impact.

True

True or False: The most commonly used semiconductor material in CPUs is silicon, which is a type of purified glass.

postage

Using a _____ printer requires having a prepaid postage account; each time you print postage, the amount is subtracted from your account balance.

storage bays

What computer components are represented in this image? (See Second Picture)

It's a small, circular hole with a 3.5-millimeter connector plugged into it.

What does an audio port usually look like?

a unique bar code assigned to a product by the manufacturer

What is a UPC code?

an input device that moves an onscreen pointer

What is a pointing device?

mouse

What is the most common type of pointing device?

arithmetic logic unit (ALU)

What part of the CPU carries out the instructions and performs arithmetic and logical operations on the data?

Unicode

Which coding system replaced American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII)?

L1

Which level of cache is closest to the CPU?

d. It enables two or more processors in the same computer to work on different threads simultaneously.

Which of the following best describes parallel processing? a. It enables one CPU to perform multiple instructions at once. b. It enables the operating system to send instructions to multiple components inside the CPU during a single clock cycle. c. It enables the operating system to address two or more virtual cores in a single-core CPU and share the workload between them. d. It enables two or more processors in the same computer to work on different threads simultaneously.

b. It forms characters and images without actually striking the output medium.

Which of the following describes how a nonimpact printer works? a. It forms characters and images by physically drawing them with ink. b. It forms characters and images without actually striking the output medium. c. It heats the ink to about 4,000 degrees Fahrenheit and then applies it by dragging a pen tip across the paper. d. It forms characters and images by physically striking an inked ribbon against the output medium.

d. It operates via a vacuum created inside the cartridge, which draws more ink into the nozzle.

Which of the following does not describe a piezoelectric inkjet printer? a. It moves the ink with electricity. b. It produce better output, because the ink used is less prone to smearing. c. It doesn't require heating the ink, which means less wear. d. It operates via a vacuum created inside the cartridge, which draws more ink into the nozzle.

d. tablet

Which of the following is not likely included in a multifunction device (MFD)? a. scanner b. fax machine c. copier d. tablet

gigabyte

Which of the following is the largest? a. kilobyte b. gigabyte c. byte d. megabyte

c. hardware that allows you to enter data into a computer

Which of the following phrases best describes an input device? a. software that enables you to perform one or more input operations b. a keyboard or other device that allows you to type data into a computer c. hardware that allows you to enter data into a computer d. any component that enables a computer to process input

a. a plotter

Which of the following should you use to create architectural drawings and other large, high-quality, precision documents? a. a plotter b. a thermal printer c. a portable printer d. a dye sublimation printer

digitalized information

With a scanner, the strength of the captured light is converted and sent to the computer as _____ for recording.

notebook

With which type of computer or device is a touchpad most commonly used?

Random-access memory (RAM)

_____ is the type of memory people typically mean when they refer to computer "memory."