Div 1 EXAM 1
Pain originating from the lumbar facets _________. a. does not radiate b. typically radiates down the leg to the foot c. may radiate into the buttocks and thighs d. frequently causes sciatica
c. may radiate into the buttocks and thighs
When an intervertebral disc weakens/degenerates, part of the disc can tear allowing discal material to escape the normal boundaries of the disc. What part of the disc herniates through the outer layer ? Choose the best answer (anatomical name). a. central pulposis b. circumferential fibrosis c. nucleus pulosis d. annulus fibrosis
c. nucleus pulosis
The adjustment occurs in the ___________. a. mobilization zone b. neutral zone c. paraphysiological space d. plastic zone
c. paraphysiological space
How should the right ilium move during right sacroiliac flexion? a. anterior-inferior b. posterior-superior c. posterior-inferior d. anterior-superior
c. posterior-inferior
Most patients that present with disc herniation(s) are ________ years old. a. 30-50 b. over 50 c. 50-70 d. 40-60
a. 30-50
Which of the following patient presentations demonstrate an antalgic gait? a. A patient with left sciatica leans to the right when walking to decrease pain/sciatica symptoms b. A patient with left sciatica leans to the right to stretch the lumbar musculature on the left. c. A patient with left sciatica leans to the left when walking to decrease pain/sciatica symptoms d. A patient with left sciatica leans to the left to stretch the lumbar musculature on the left.
a. A patient with left sciatica leans to the right when walking to decrease pain/sciatica symptoms
Mrs. Covidia presents to your office complaining of "left hip pain" that has been constant for the past few days. When asked to point to the pain, she places her hand over her left sacroiliac joint. Upon visual inspection/static palpation, you notice that the right leg is long compared to the left leg and the left PSIS is tender and more prominent than the right. Motion palpation reveals a left sacroiliac extension restriction with a hard end-feel when motioning the left ilium P-A. Which of the following is the most likely listing for these findings? a. AGR L-Ilium b. AGR R-Ilium c. R-SB-P d. L-SB-P
a. AGR L-Ilium
Mrs. Covidia presents to your office complaining of "right hip pain" that has been constant for the past few days. When asked to point to the pain, she places her hand over her right sacroiliac joint. Upon visual inspection/static palpation, you notice that the left leg is long compared to the right leg and the right PSIS is tender and more prominent than the left. Motion palpation reveals a right sacroiliac extension restriction with a hard end-feel when motioning the right ilium P-A. Which of the following is the most likely listing for these findings? a. AGR R-Ilium b. L-SB-P c. AGR L-Ilium d. R-SB-P
a. AGR R-Ilium
Mrs. Smith arrives at your office with an exacerbation of right sacro-iliac pain. During motion palpation you detect a hard end-feel when palpating P-A on the right PSIS as compared to the left. Which of the following is the correct motion restriction listing? Choose the best answer. a. AGR R-Ilium b. PGR R-Ilium c. R-AS Ilium d. CRRLOA
a. AGR R-Ilium
Mrs. Smith arrives at your office with an exacerbation of right sacro-iliac pain. During motion palpation you detect a hard end-feel when palpating P-A on the right PSIS as compared to the left. Which of the following is the correct motion restriction listing? Choose the best answer. a. AGR R-Ilium b. R-AS Ilium c. PGR R-Ilium d. CRRLOA
a. AGR R-Ilium
Which of the following conditions require referral to a vascular surgeon? a. Aneurysm b. Osteopenia c. Tumors d. Space occupying lesions
a. Aneurysm
When setting up on a patient for a lumbar rotation side posture adjustment, it is important to position your patient _________. a. Approximately 3 inches from the front edge of the table b. Approximately 3 inches from the back edge of the table c. In the middle of the table with their feet hanging off of the caudal end of the table. d. Approximately 6 inches from the front edge of the table
a. Approximately 3 inches from the front edge of the table
When adjusting a P-I Ilium in side posture, the tissue pull should be mostly ______. a. I-S b. M-L c. L-M d. S-I
a. I-S
Upon examination/palpation of your patient's sacrum, you detect an RRROA. What is the correct contact point for the correction of this restriction using the side posture set up taught in lab? a. L-SB b. R-SA c. L-pisiform/hypothenar d. R-SB e. R-pisiform/hypothenar
a. L-SB
You detected a LRR of L3 while motion palpating your patient. What is the appropriate CP/SCP, in other words you should use your _______ on the (patient's) _______? a. L-pisiform/hypothenar on the R-mammillary process of L3 b. L-pisiform/hypothenar on the L-mammillary process of L3 c. R-pisiform/hypothenar on the R-mammillary process of L3 d. R-pisiform/hypothenar on the L-mammillary process of L3
a. L-pisiform/hypothenar on the R-mammillary process of L3
The knee flexors are a group of muscles stimulated by a single spinal nerve, ____. a. L5 b. L4 c. S1 d. L3
a. L5
You have detected an RRR-L3, which of the following is the correct SCP, as taught in Diversifed 1? a. Left mammillary of L3 b. Right aspect of the spinous process c. Left aspect of the spinous process d. Right mammillary of L3
a. Left mammillary of L3
Give directions starting from the spinous process of the involved segment to the mammillary process. ISS=interspinous space SP= spinous process a. One ISS superior and lateral 1/2" b. One SP inferior and lateral 1/2" c. One ISS inferior and lateral 3/4" d. One SP superior and lateral 3/4"
a. One ISS superior and lateral 1/2"
If a patient presents to your office with LBP and a history of successful removal of a malignant melanoma 6 months ago, which of the following is the most appropriate action? a. Order imaging before adjusting to assess for a malignant neoplasm of the spine. b. After completing the physical exam, perform soft tissue work on the patient to see if they have a decrease in pain following the treatment as this is an indication that the LBP is probably mechanical in nature. c. Refer the patient to a dermatologist, as they may be having referred pain from other melanomas d. After completing the physical exam, adjust the patient to see if they have a decrease in pain following the adjustment as this is an indication that the LBP is probably mechanical in nature.
a. Order imaging before adjusting to assess for a malignant neoplasm of the spine.
A new patient presents to your office reporting bilateral LBP L1-L2 which began one week ago immediately after he fell off of a step ladder (from two feet off the ground) while replacing a light bulb. He describes landing on his feet as if he had jumped off the ladder. He immediately felt a sharp pain in his low back which has been getting worse since it began. He cannot find any positions which afford him any comfort. The patient is a well nourished 48 year old male with a history of diabetes and prostate cancer. He reports that he was given a cancer-free diagnosis following the removal of his prostate 5 years ago. Which of the following is the most appropriate action following examination, given this patients history? a. Order imaging to assess for a malignant neoplasm. b. Adjust the patient as you suspect a lumbar sprain/strain injury. c. Order imaging to assess for an osteoporotic compression fracture. d. Order imaging to assess bone and soft tissue as you suspect spinal stenosis.
a. Order imaging to assess for a malignant neoplasm.
Forceful manipulation is contraindicated in patients with ________. a. Osteoporosis b. Sacroiliac syndrome c. Clotting disorders d. Facet syndrome
a. Osteoporosis c. Clotting disorders
Which of the following types of cancer are the 3 most likely to metastasize to the spine? MACA (there are 3 correct answers) a. Prostate cancer b. Breast cancer c. Skin Cancer d. Lung cancer
a. Prostate cancer b. Breast cancer d. Lung cancer
When palpating/springing left to right on the spinous process of L4, you perceive a "hard end-feel". When palpating/springing right to left on the spinous process of L4, you perceive a "springy end-feel". What SCP should you contact to correct this restriction with a side posture set up as learned in Diversified lab? a. R-mammillary process of L4 b. L-mammillary process of L4 c. L-mammillary process of L5 d. R-mammillary process of L5
a. R-mammillary process of L4
When you set up to adjust a RRR-L3, the patient should be in _____. a. RSP b. LSP
a. RSP
Mrs. Jones, an otherwise healthy 32 year old female, returns to your office 6 weeks after delivering a healthy baby boy. She explains that she had a c-section procedure to deliver the baby after 18 hours of difficult labor. She reports mid line back pain at the thoracolumbar junction which began a few hours after giving birth and has been getting worse since it began. Her pain is currently 7/10 on a pain scale. She also reports that she thinks she may have a sinus infection since she has been running a low grade fever for the past few weeks. Upon examination, you detect severe muscle spasm and tenderness from T8 to L5 bilaterally. Given this patient's history, which of the following is the most appropriate diagnosis? a. Spinal infection b. Fractured coccyx c. Lumbar sprain/strain d. Spinal stenosis
a. Spinal infection
In patients with spinal/disc degeneration, osteophytes may form at the superior and inferior endplates. a. True b. False
a. True
Regarding informed consent: Prior to any evaluation or treatment, a doctor must always inform patients of potential complications and any risk of significant harm from said evaluation or treatment. a. True b. False
a. True
When a patient has contraindications to HVLA adjusting/manipulation, you may still be able to mobilize the joint. a. True b. False
a. True
Mrs. Covidia is a well nourished 58 year old female who presents to your office complaining of low back pain. You notice that her gait is very unsteady as she walks in your office. When you ask the patient how long she has been feeling unsteady, she explains that it began with the onset of low back pain when she was leaning forward pick up her bag off of the front floor board of her car a few days ago. Which of the following is the most appropriate action? a. Unsteady gait is a red flag for LBP. Proceed with caution being careful not to aggravate the patient's condition during the physical exam. b. Explain to the patient that unsteady gait is a typical finding in patient's with cancer and refer to an oncologist. c. Explain to the patient that unsteady gait is a typical finding in patient's with compression fractures and refer out for orthopedic consultation. d. Explain to the patient that she should feel more steady after the adjustment and removal of nerve interference.
a. Unsteady gait is a red flag for LBP. Proceed with caution being careful not to aggravate the patient's condition during the physical exam.
A new patient, Mr. Jones, presents with bilateral LBP from L3-L5 and tenderness over the SI joints bilaterally. Upon examination/palpation of the sacrum, you detect a RRLOA. How might you have detected this motion restriction? a. While palpating P-A on the right sacral base b. While palpating P-A on the right sacral apex c. While palpating P-A on the left sacral base d. While palpating P-A on the left sacral apex
a. While palpating P-A on the right sacral base
When setting the pelvis for a lumbar rotation restriction, which of the following is true? a. You should let the patients' leg slide across your thigh as you rotate their pelvis anteriorly preventing abduction and adduction of the patient's hip. b. You should adduct the patient's hip as you rotate the pelvis anteriorly to create maximum tension. c. You should pull the patient's hip that is contacting the table posteriorly as you set the pelvis. d. You should abduct the patient's hip as you rotate the pelvis to prevent the patient's leg from being pressed into the side of the table.
a. You should let the patients' leg slide across your thigh as you rotate their pelvis anteriorly preventing abduction and adduction of the patient's hip.
Regarding coefficients of friction of synovial joints, the kinetic coefficient of friction is _______ the static coefficient of friction. a. much lower than b. equal to c. slightly higher than d. much higher
a. much lower than
You have detected a "hard end-feel" when springing a lumbar spinous process right to left and a "springy end-feel" when springing left to right on the same spinous process. Which of the following is the correct patient position? a. right side-lying position b. left side-lying position
a. right side-lying position
The most common symptom of disc herniation is _____. a. sciatica b. local burning pain c. bowel and/or bladder disturbances d. muscle weakness
a. sciatica
Lumbar radiculopathy is typically ______. a. unilateral b. caused by leg pain c. bilateral d. accompanied by bowel/bladder incontinence
a. unilateral
Which of the following describes a transient episode of an increase in a patients symptoms that later resolve spontaneously? a. Relative Contraindication b. Reaction c. Absolute Contraindication d. Complication
b. Reaction
We can use the orthogonal system to describe lumbar motion. For example, right lumbar rotation could also be described as ________. a. -θZ b. -θY c. +θY d. +θZ
b. -θY
According to the 2017 Clinical Practice Guidelines from the American College of Physicians (found at the end of the disc PowerPoint), physicians are recommended to advise patients of alternative treatments such as chiropractic for which of the following conditions? Choose the best answer. a. Acute LBP b. Acute, Subacute, and Chronic LBP c. Acute and Subacute LBP d. Chronic LBP
b. Acute, Subacute, and Chronic LBP
When should you pull your patient off of their shoulder (the one contacting the table)? a. At the beginning of the set up, before you flex their top leg (the one closest to the ceiling) b. After you set the pelvis c. Before you set the pelvis d. After you go "pocket to pocket"
b. After you set the pelvis
Which of the following are red flags for cancer? MACA a. Pain that is relieved when recumbent b. Age over 50 years old c. Pain at night while trying to sleep d. Weight loss after beginning a regular exercise program e. Pain that lasts longer than 30 days
b. Age over 50 years old c. Pain at night while trying to sleep e. Pain that lasts longer than 30 days
Since it is safe to adjust a healthy joint, once you have correctly identified a subluxation/motion restriction, it is safe to adjust that subluxation/motion restriction. a. True b. False
b. False
One of the main differences between "acceptable" and "exceeding reactions" is that exceeding reactions _____. a. Do not resolve spontaneously b. Interfere with work/ADL's c. Have a shorter duration d. Have a more rapid onset
b. Interfere with work/ADL's
When palpating/springing right to left on the spinous process of L4, you perceive a "hard end-feel". When palpating/springing left to right on the spinous process of L4, you perceive a "springy end-feel". What SCP should you contact to correct this restriction as learned in Diversified lab? a. R-mammillary process of L5 b. L-mammillary process of L4 c. L-mammillary process of L5 d. R-mammillary process of L4
b. L-mammillary process of L4
Upon examination of your patient's sacrum, you detect a RRLOA. What is the correct contact point for the side posture set up taught in lab? a. L-calcaneal b. L-pisiform/hypothenar c. R-calcaneal d. R-pisiform/hypothenar
b. L-pisiform/hypothenar
LBP can be caused by which of the following conditions? Choose the best answer. a. Systemic conditions b. LBP can be caused by musculoskeletal, visceral, and systemic conditions. c. Visceral conditions d. Musculoskeletal conditions
b. LBP can be caused by musculoskeletal, visceral, and systemic conditions.
A new patient arrives at your office complaining of local LBP which began one week ago after carrying 12 pieces of plywood up the attic stairs to deck his attic. When asked to point to the location of pain, he covers his low back bilaterally with both hands and explains that he only gets relief when he lays down. Patient examination reveals lumbar hypolordosis, and taut and tender fibers bilaterally L1-L5 with bilateral erector spinae spasm in the lumbar region. Based on this information, you are thinking this patient may have a ______. a. Spinal infection b. Lumbar sprain strain injury c. Lumbar malignant neoplasm d. spinal stenosis
b. Lumbar sprain strain injury
Which of the following are potential complications from manipulating a patient with late stage osteoarthritis according to table 4-1 from the textbook? a. Wallenberg syndrome b. Neurological compromise c. Vertebral artery dissection d. Unresponsiveness to pain e. Hemorrhage
b. Neurological compromise
A test with high sensitivity means that __________. a. Patients who test negative for a condition are less likely not to have the condition. b. Patients who test negative for a condition are more likely not to have the condition. c. Patients who test positive for a condition are more likely to have the condition. d. Patients who test positive for a condition are less likely to have the condition
b. Patients who test negative for a condition are more likely not to have the condition.
Conditions that have the potential to contraindicate manual adjusting depending on the severity/stage of the condition are called _______. a. Actual contraindications b. Relative contraindications c. Real contraindications d. Absolute contraindications
b. Relative contraindications
When setting up for a side posture adjustment on a lumbar left rotation restriction, your patient complains that their right thigh is being "smashed into the edge of the table". Which of the following choices is the most likely cause of the patients discomfort? a. The patient's shoulders were NOT stacked at the beginning of the set up. b. You adducted the patient's hip as you were setting the pelvis. c. The patient's hips were NOT stacked at the beginning of the set up. d. You positioned your patient too close to the edge of the table. e. You abducted the patient's hip as you were setting the pelvis.
b. You adducted the patient's hip as you were setting the pelvis.
A 30 year old female, a new patient, arrives at your office complaining of sharp bilateral local LBP which began approximately two weeks ago. The pain is intermittent bothering her several times per day. While taking a patient history, you discover that your patient does not drink water... ever. She says she just doesn't like water and she drinks tea and sodas instead. When you ask about constitutional symptoms giving specific examples, you discover that your patient has also been experiencing painful urination. Thinking about the "big picture" and based on the patient history above, it is important to consider that your patient's low back pain may be _____. a. caused by a disc herniation. b. a referred pain from the kidneys. c. a referred pain from the prostate. d. referred pain from an abdominal aneurysm.
b. a referred pain from the kidneys.
You have detected a "hard end-feel" when springing a lumbar spinous process left to right and a "springy end-feel" when springing right to left on the same spinous process. Which of the following is the correct patient position? a. right side-lying position b. left side-lying position
b. left side-lying position
When performing an HVLA adjustment, you must breech the ________. a. elastic and anatomic barriers b. physiologic and elastic barriers c. plastic zone d. physiologic barrier only
b. physiologic and elastic barriers
When your patient is in RSP, they are laying on their ______. a. back b. right side c. left side
b. right side
When you find a RRR L3, you would expect to feel more joint restriction when palpating ________ on the spinous process. a. left to right b. right to left
b. right to left
Which of the following types of disc pathology are the most severe/degenerative? a. prolapse b. sequestration c. extrusion d. dehydration
b. sequestration
Antalgic posture is frequently observed in patients with which type of disc herniation? a. central or midline b. medial or posteromedial c. lateral or posterolateral d. none of the above
c. lateral or posterolateral
Spinal stenosis can result from hypertrophic degenerative changes of the _____. Choose the best answer. a. IVD's, facets, and TVP's b. IVD and facets c. IVD's, facets and ligamentum flavum d. IVD's, spinous process, and TVP's
c. IVD's, facets and ligamentum flavum
When using orthogonals to describe lumbar lateral flexion, left lateral flexion is ________. a. +θZ b. +θY c. -θZ d. -θY
c. -θZ
Which of the following motions occur during normal lumbosacral extension? a. L5 extends as the sacral base extends. b. L5 extends as the sacral apex glides anterior. c. L5 extends as the sacral base flexes. d. L5 flexes as the sacral base extends.
c. L5 extends as the sacral base flexes.
The listing: RRTA describes the same restriction as a _______. a. Counter-rotation restriction b. RRROA c. Nutation restriction d. CRRTA
c. Nutation restriction
A test with high specificity means that __________. a. Patients who test negative for a condition are less likely not to have the condition. b. Patients who test negative for a condition are more likely not to have the condition. c. Patients who test positive for a condition are more likely to have the condition. d. Patients who test positive for a condition are less likely to have the condition
c. Patients who test positive for a condition are more likely to have the condition.
Mobilization occurs between which two barriers? a. Elastic and Anatomic b. Elastic and Plastic c. Physiologic and Elastic d. Physiologic and Plastic
c. Physiologic and Elastic
Your patient is complaining of local "right hip pain" which is exacerbated by sitting for more than 30 minutes. When asked to point to the pain, the patient places their hand over their right sacroiliac joint. Inspection/static palpation reveals tenderness around the entire right SI joint and a left short leg as compared to the right. You also detect a hard end-feel when palpating the right sacral base anteriorly. Which of the following is the most likely listing? Make sure your answer has the correct letters for the abbreviated listing. a. RRRROA b. RRRLOA c. RRLOA d. RRROA
c. RRLOA
Which of the following are not consistent with complications from adjustive therapy? a. Misdiagnosis/improper technique is a common cause of complications from adjustive therapy b. Complications range from mild increase in local pain to permanent neurological deficits and in rare cases even death. c. Serious injuries are fairly common d. May be associated with new tissue damage
c. Serious injuries are fairly common
When an intervertebral disc weakens/degenerates, part of the disc can tear resulting in a disc herniation. What part of the disc typically tears/degenerates allowing herniation? Choose the best answer (anatomical name). a. circumferential fibrosis b. central pulposis c. annulus fibrosis d. nucleus pulosis
c. annulus fibrosis
PROM should always be _____________ AROM. a. less than b. equal to c. greater than
c. greater than
A new patient reports to your office complaining of constant LBP bilaterally L1-L5 with pain in both SI joints which began approximately one year ago insidiously. She also reports bilateral thoracic pain and pain that travels from her low back up into her thoracic spine and into both arms. When you attempt to palpate the lumbar spine your patient cannot tolerate light pressure stating that it is too painful and jumping off the table with even light pressure. Taking this into consideration, you should consider _______. a. your patient has prostate cancer b. your patient probably has cancer c. your patient may be experiencing psychological distress that may be causing/amplifying her pain. d. your patient may have ankylosing spondylitis
c. your patient may be experiencing psychological distress that may be causing/amplifying her pain.
We can use the orthogonal system to describe lumbar motion. For example, left lumbar rotation could also be described as ________. a. -θY b. -θZ c. +θZ d. +θY
d. +θY
When using orthogonals to describe lumbar lateral flexion, right lateral flexion is ________. a. -θZ b. +θY c. -θY d. +θZ
d. +θZ
Which of the following may irritate a nerve root? a. decreased blood supply to the nerve root b. mechanical pressure from a bulging/herniated disc c. chemical changes d. All of the choices are correct
d. All of the choices are correct
Which of the following is true regarding musculoligamentous injuries? a. They are a common cause of LBP b. They are caused by tearing and or stretching of soft tissues. c. They can result from faulty biomechanics. d. All of the choices are correct.
d. All of the choices are correct.
Which of the following represents appropriate treatment for a musculoligamentous injury? a. Limit motion to decrease inflammation b. Exercises that reproduce the patient's pain... no pain no gain. c. Referral to an orthopedist since chiropractors cannot treat musculoligamentous injuries. d. Gentle stretches and/or exercises as long as they do not exacerbate the patient's symptoms
d. Gentle stretches and/or exercises as long as they do not exacerbate the patient's symptoms
You have detected a R-SB-PS during an examination of your patient's sacral biomechanics. Which of the following is the correct contact point for the side posture set up taught in lab? a. L-SB b. R-SB c. R-pisiform/hypothenar d. L-pisiform/hypothenar
d. L-pisiform/hypothenar
Mr. Smith arrives to your office complaining of bilateral low back pain (LBP). When asked to point to the pain, he places both of his hands on his low back covering the entire lumbar spine. Upon visual inspection/static palpation of the lumbar spine, you observe a hypolordosis with an increase in muscle tonicity bilaterally. The patient's right leg appears short as compared to the left leg when lying prone. Motion palpation reveals a hard end feel when palpating left to right on the spinous process of L2, while motioning the spinous right to left reveals a springy end-feel. Which of the following is the most likely listing? a. LP-L3 b. RP-L3 c. RRR-L2 d. LRR-L2
d. LRR-L2
Your patient is experiencing lumbo-sacral pain intermittently. Upon examination/palpation you notice that the patient has a hypolordosis and tenderness over the entire sacral base and L5 bilaterally. You also find a posterior sacral base with a hard end-feel when motioning the sacral base P-A. Choose the correct CP for correcting this restriction using the side posture set up taught in lab. a. R-calcaneal if your patient is in left side posture b. R-pisiform/hypothenar if your patient is in right side posture c. L-pisiform/hypothenar if your patient is in right side posture d. R-calcaneal if your patient is in right side posture
d. R-calcaneal if your patient is in right side posture
Mr. Smith arrives to your office complaining of bilateral low back pain (LBP). When asked to point to the pain, he places both of his hands on his low back covering the entire lumbar spine. Upon visual inspection/static palpation of the lumbar spine, you observe a hypolordosis with an increase in muscle tonicity bilaterally. The patient's right leg appears short as compared to the left leg when lying prone. Motion palpation reveals a hard end feel when palpating right to left on the spinous process of L2, while motioning the spinous left to right reveals a springy end-feel. Which of the following is the most likely listing? a. LRR-L2 b. LP-L3 c. RP-L3 d. RRR-L2
d. RRR-L2
Mr. Smith arrives to your office complaining of bilateral low back pain (LBP). When asked to point to the pain, he places both of his hands on his low back covering the entire lumbar spine. Upon visual inspection/static palpation of the lumbar spine, you observe a hypolordosis with an increase in muscle tonicity bilaterally. The patient's right leg appears short as compared to the left leg when lying prone. Motion palpation reveals a hard end feel when palpating right to left on the spinous process of L2, while motioning the spinous left to right reveals a springy end-feel. Which of the following is the most likely listing? a. RP-L3 b. LRR-L2 c. LP-L3 d. RRR-L2
d. RRR-L2
What does "pocket to pocket" mean? a. The doctor's front pocket should approximately line up with the patient's front pocket b. The doctor's front pocket should approximately line up with the patient's front pocket c. The doctor's back pocket should approximately line up with the patient's back pocket d. The doctor's front pocket should approximately line up with the patient's back pocket
d. The doctor's front pocket should approximately line up with the patient's back pocket
A new patient presents to your office with chronic LBP (VAS 8/10) which began approximately 3 months ago and has been getting worse since it began. The patient is a 38 year old female with a history of breast cancer. She has been seeing a massage therapist for the past 6 weeks and although she experiences a slight decrease in pain (from VAS 8/10 to VAS 7/10) following a massage, the relief only lasts 1-2 hours. You should be suspect that ______ may be causing your patient's pain. Choose the best answer. a. a sprain strain b. facet syndrome c. osteomyelitis d. a malignant neoplasm
d. a malignant neoplasm
Typical causes of disc herniation include _______. a. a sudden increase in intrathecal pressure b. poor biomechanics c. age related degeneration d. all of the choices.
d. all of the choices.
What does LRR stand for? a. little rotation restriction b. left right restriction c. left restricted rotation d. left rotation restriction
d. left rotation restriction
Which of the following are NOT among the most common reactions to adjustive therapy (according to the study referenced in your text and the notes)? a. radiating discomfort b. mild increase in local pain c. fatigue d. radiating numbness
d. radiating numbness
When performing a side posture adjustment to correct a lumbar rotation restriction as taught in the lab, it is important to maintain tension on the patient's shoulder in which direction? a. posteriorly b. superiorly c. toward the ground d. superiorly and posteriorly
d. superiorly and posteriorly
Your patient is complaining of bilateral sacroiliac joint pain with tenderness over the SI joints bilaterally and right lower lumbar area. Upon examination/palpation you find a rotation restriction around the transverse axis. Choose the correct SCP for the side posture set up taught in lab. a. middle of the sacral apex b. right sacral base c. R-calcaneal d. middle of the calcaneal e. middle of the sacral base
e. middle of the sacral base