dna replication

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what does a double helix mean

Means there are two strands and they are twisted

what is the function of dna

codes for proteins

what is the result of DNA replication

two identical daughter strands made

The function of DNA helicase is to

unzip hydrogen bonds

General steps- replication

1.unwinds 2. bases separate and give two template strands 3.Complementary bases are added 4. two identical daughter DNA molecule are made

how many different nitrogenous bases are there

4

The newly created daughter strand is formed in the __ to __ Direction (opposite direction of template strand)

5' to 3'

During DNA replication newly formed DNA is built starting at the ___ end and moving to torwards the __ end

5' —

lagging

5' —

dna polymerase direction

5'—

The function of DNA polymerase is to

Add complementary bases

why is DNA replication semi conservative

Because when two double helixs form each one has a single strand of the old and one from the new strand of DNA. only half of it is old

which enzyme add complementary nucleotides in 5 to 3 direction

DNA polymerase

what is step two in replication

DNA polymerase adds complementary nucleotides in 5'-3' Direction on template strand

Final result in DNA replication

DNA polymerase adds nucleotides in 5'-3' Direction but this leaves gap in the lagging strand so DNA ligase seals gaps on the lagging strand

what is the first step of replication

DNA strands unwind enzyme helicase unzips the DNA strand (breaks hydrogen bonds between base pairs)

what is a nucleotide

The smallest building block (monomer) that makes up DNA

The leading strand of the newly synthesized DNA goes _____ The replication fork

Towards

what is the complementary base pairing rule

a-t c-g

what is the definition of DNA polymerase

adds complementary nucleotides in 5'-3' Direction on template strand

name before different nitrogenous bases

adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine

strands are _________

anti-parallel

lagging strand of the newly synthesized DNA goes ____ replication fork

away from

what are the three parts of a nucleotide structure

base, phosphate, sugar

do you think DNA replicates before or after cell division

before

what is replication

copy, to duplicate, to synthesize

what is the shape of a DNA molecule

double helix

what is the significance of having four different bases

each nitrogen base makes a difference nucleotide

DNA ligase definition

joins (links) gaps on the lagging dna strand

the _____ strand of DNA is discontinuous and formed using okazaky fragments

lagging

why does the lagging strand run into trouble when replicating

lagging strand is replicated away from the fork so DNA polymerase has to go back and then back again. has to keep going back to replicate

the ______ strand of DNA is continuous

leading

which enzyme links gaps on the lagging strand

ligase

which structure make up the wrongs of the DNA ladder

nitrogenous bases

flagging DNA is built using ___ fragments

okazaky

which structures make up the sides of the DNA ladder

phosphate and sugar

replication fork

the "y" where helicase is unzipping

what is the definition of DNA Helicase

unzips DNA strands

dna polymerase reads The DNA template strand from the __ end of the DNA molecule to the __ end.

3' to 5'

DNA polymerase reads template strand from the ___ and of the DNA molecule towards the ___ end

3' —

leading

3' —

what is a replication fork

The origin where helicase unwinds the molecule and separates the base pairs

What is the sugar in Dna nucleotide called

deoxyribose

to replication forks form a ______

replication bubble


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