dna replication
what does a double helix mean
Means there are two strands and they are twisted
what is the function of dna
codes for proteins
what is the result of DNA replication
two identical daughter strands made
The function of DNA helicase is to
unzip hydrogen bonds
General steps- replication
1.unwinds 2. bases separate and give two template strands 3.Complementary bases are added 4. two identical daughter DNA molecule are made
how many different nitrogenous bases are there
4
The newly created daughter strand is formed in the __ to __ Direction (opposite direction of template strand)
5' to 3'
During DNA replication newly formed DNA is built starting at the ___ end and moving to torwards the __ end
5' —
lagging
5' —
dna polymerase direction
5'—
The function of DNA polymerase is to
Add complementary bases
why is DNA replication semi conservative
Because when two double helixs form each one has a single strand of the old and one from the new strand of DNA. only half of it is old
which enzyme add complementary nucleotides in 5 to 3 direction
DNA polymerase
what is step two in replication
DNA polymerase adds complementary nucleotides in 5'-3' Direction on template strand
Final result in DNA replication
DNA polymerase adds nucleotides in 5'-3' Direction but this leaves gap in the lagging strand so DNA ligase seals gaps on the lagging strand
what is the first step of replication
DNA strands unwind enzyme helicase unzips the DNA strand (breaks hydrogen bonds between base pairs)
what is a nucleotide
The smallest building block (monomer) that makes up DNA
The leading strand of the newly synthesized DNA goes _____ The replication fork
Towards
what is the complementary base pairing rule
a-t c-g
what is the definition of DNA polymerase
adds complementary nucleotides in 5'-3' Direction on template strand
name before different nitrogenous bases
adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine
strands are _________
anti-parallel
lagging strand of the newly synthesized DNA goes ____ replication fork
away from
what are the three parts of a nucleotide structure
base, phosphate, sugar
do you think DNA replicates before or after cell division
before
what is replication
copy, to duplicate, to synthesize
what is the shape of a DNA molecule
double helix
what is the significance of having four different bases
each nitrogen base makes a difference nucleotide
DNA ligase definition
joins (links) gaps on the lagging dna strand
the _____ strand of DNA is discontinuous and formed using okazaky fragments
lagging
why does the lagging strand run into trouble when replicating
lagging strand is replicated away from the fork so DNA polymerase has to go back and then back again. has to keep going back to replicate
the ______ strand of DNA is continuous
leading
which enzyme links gaps on the lagging strand
ligase
which structure make up the wrongs of the DNA ladder
nitrogenous bases
flagging DNA is built using ___ fragments
okazaky
which structures make up the sides of the DNA ladder
phosphate and sugar
replication fork
the "y" where helicase is unzipping
what is the definition of DNA Helicase
unzips DNA strands
dna polymerase reads The DNA template strand from the __ end of the DNA molecule to the __ end.
3' to 5'
DNA polymerase reads template strand from the ___ and of the DNA molecule towards the ___ end
3' —
leading
3' —
what is a replication fork
The origin where helicase unwinds the molecule and separates the base pairs
What is the sugar in Dna nucleotide called
deoxyribose
to replication forks form a ______
replication bubble