Drivers Ed CUMULATIVE 2/2

Keep in mind that because your driving privilege can be suspended or revoked if you commit a traffic violation or cause a collision, driving carelessly or recklessly now will only delay the process of gaining experience. If you can't drive for six months to a year, your reflexes will get rusty and you're likely to forget important lessons—especially if you haven't been driving for very long. By the time you finally get back on the road, your driving skills may be significantly diminished, even though you'll have aged and matured in other ways.

The consequences of a single suspension can affect your driving for years. Due to the lapse in driving experience, you'll be more likely to commit more violations and face more—and longer—suspensions in the future. Eventually, while driving may become second nature to your friends, you may find yourself struggling to keep up! Remember, even without experience, you can significantly reduce the risks you face as a driver by applying the lessons you've learned in drivers ed. By driving carefully now, you won't have to worry about being left in the dust.

Make sure that you and your vehicle are prepared for any situation that you can reasonably expect to occur while you're on the road. By knowing what potential problems you can expect and figuring out how to avoid them or deal with them if they happen, you can make your drive easier on yourself, your car, and your world!

To avoid encountering stressful situations on the road, you should: Avoid rush hour if possible: In heavy traffic, it will take you longer to arrive at your destination and you will be more at risk of a collision. Plan your route: Determine the exits you'll use and the streets where you'll turn so you don't have to maneuver abruptly at the last minute. Choose an alternate route in case your planned path is closed. Check traffic and weather reports: Don't drive when the weather is bad if you can avoid it. Not only will you find it harder to control your car, but your car can be damaged by water, ice, and extreme temperatures.

Lights Your car must have: Two headlights, one on each side of the front of the car, and a beam indicator that lights up when the high beams are illuminated Two electric turn signals in the front of the car and two in back that can be activated by the driver

Two red taillights, one on each side of the back of the car Two red brake lights, one on each side of the back of the car, that activate when the brake pedal is depressed Two red reflectors, one on each side of the back of the car, that are visible from 600 ft and placed at a height of 15" to 60" from the ground (these may be used in combination with taillights)

In many Texas countries, an annual emissions test is mandatory. However, it's a good idea to have an emissions test in addition to your safety inspection even if it's not required, as high emissions don't just harm the environment—they can also mean that something is wrong with your car. Over half of all vehicular pollution comes from 10% of cars on the road, most of which aren't functioning properly. Click here to find an inspection station near you.

Another form of environmental damage that Texas drivers are responsible for is litter. Any garbage not properly disposed of in a trash can is considered litter. When you litter, you increase the amount of debris on the road, making driving more dangerous and the driving environment more unpleasant for everyone. Moreover, while air pollution is an inevitable consequence of choosing to drive, roadside litter only happens when you consciously decide to toss trash from your car.

If you have trouble getting your insurance company to recognize your claim, try to resolve the problem yourself by talking to your agent or a company representative. Sometimes direct communication is enough to resolve the problem. If the dispute continues, you may be able to receive help by filing a complaint with the Texas Department of Insurance. Even though TDI does not have the authority to resolve questions of fact, it may be able to encourage the insurance company to review your problem more thoroughly.

As you review the information presented in this unit, consider how to incorporate the following topics into your driving plan. To reduce risk on the road, you must: Be an informed and patient consumer when preparing to make a vehicle purchase Make sure your car is legal to drive by having it properly titled, registered, and inspected Recognize the costs of owning and operating a vehicle and adopt habits to reduce expenses Understand the different forms of vehicle insurance and your insurance obligations under the Safety Responsibility Act Know the requirements for filing an insurance claim after you have been involved in a collision

Mirrors Your car must have one inside rearview mirror as well as a mirror on the outside of the car on the driver's side. The mirrors must be positioned to reflect a view of the road for at least 200 ft to the rear of the vehicle. Horn The horn must be audible from a distance of at least 200 ft.

Brakes The foot brake must be able to stop the vehicle within 25 ft when the vehicle is travelling at 20 mph. The parking brake must be adequate for stopping and holding the vehicle. Fuel Cap There must be a cap on your fuel tank. It will be tested using pressurized testing equipment.

Conviction-based Penalties When a driver is convicted of certain offenses, he or she will have to pay an annual surcharge of a pre-set amount for at least three years. However, no points will be assessed for these crimes. These surcharges are assigned as follows: DWI (first offense): $1,000 DWI (second or subsequent offense): $1,500 DWI with a BAC of 0.16 or more: $2,000 Driving without insurance: $250 Driving with an invalid license: $250 Driving with no license: $100

DRP Amnesty and Incentive Programs Under the Driver Responsibility Program, a driver may be able to have the surcharge that he or she is required to pay reduced by meeting certain requirements: Individuals who can provide proof of insurance following the assessment of a surcharge for driving without insurance can have the surcharge reduced to 75% of the original amount. Individuals who have been assessed a surcharge for driving without a valid license can have the surcharge reduced to 75% of the original amount by obtaining the kind of license they should have been driving with.

To complete your drivers education requirement, you must demonstrate that you have acquired the understanding and skills necessary to obtain a drivers license and begin the life-long process of learning to reduce risk on the road. When you have mastered the lessons you've learned in drivers education, you'll be able to: Accept driving as a privilege with responsibilities, obligations, and potential consequences and apply knowledge and understanding of Texas traffic laws, including traffic control devices and right-of-way laws

Employ pre-drive tasks, utilize and require passengers to utilize occupant protection and restraint systems, utilize vehicle symbols and devices, employ starting tasks, perform vehicle operation and control tasks, employ post-drive tasks, utilize baseline and progress assessment tools to evaluate your behind-the-wheel skill level, and formulate a driving plan Sustain visual attention and communication, utilize reference points, manage vehicle balance, and execute vehicle maneuvers Employ legal and responsible driving practices to limit and manage fatigue and aggressive driving Predict, analyze, and minimize risk factors and employ a space management system Identify and analyze driving environments and minimizing environmental risks

Employ pre-drive tasks, utilize and require passengers to utilize occupant protection and restraint systems, utilize vehicle symbols and devices, employ starting tasks, perform vehicle operation and control tasks, employ post-drive tasks, utilize baseline and progress assessment tools to evaluate your behind-the-wheel skill level, and formulate a driving plan Sustain visual attention and communication, utilize reference points, manage vehicle balance, and execute vehicle maneuvers Employ legal and responsible driving practices to limit and manage fatigue and aggressive driving Predict, analyze, and minimize risk factors and employ a space management system Identify and analyze driving environments and minimizing environmental risks

Remember, when you first get behind the wheel as a licensed driver, you will have demonstrated only the minimal level of skills necessary to share the road with other road users. Only with experience will you develop the driving ability necessary to be considered an excellent driver. As you gain experience, you will learn more not only about controlling your car and recognizing dangerous situations on the road—you will also come to have a better understanding of your own attitudes, anxieties, and abilities.

To make sure you've done a good job reviewing this unit, you must now pass a test. The information in this unit is important: if you do not pass the test, you will have to take the entire unit over again. You can review as much as you wish. Simply return to your dashboard and select the topic you want to review. Do not press NEXT until you are sure you will pass the test. It is very important for you to review carefully and make sure you know how to reduce risk on the road by meeting your legal obligations as a Texas drivers license holder.

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Uninsured/Underinsured Motorist (UM/UIM) Coverage While every driver is legally obligated to have insurance to operate a vehicle on public roads, some drive illegally without insurance, with an expired insurance policy, or with an insurance policy unable to cover all the damages they cause in a collision. Uninsured and underinsured motorist policies provide payments for losses from a collision caused by a driver without adequate insurance or a hit-and-run driver.

A UM/UIM policy will pay for medical bills, lost wages, pain and suffering, and permanent and partial disability, as well as vehicle repairs and replacement, for members of the policy holder's family, their passengers, and others driving the policy holder's car with his or her permission. Like PIP coverage, insurers must offer you UM/UIM coverage. In general, a UM/UIM policy offers the policy holder the same amount of coverage as his or her liability insurance policy. If you wish to decline this coverage, or if you want to request a lower amount of coverage, you must submit a specific request to your insurance company in writing.

Exemptions Drivers do not need to obtain a CDL to operate any of the following vehicles: A farm vehicles that is controlled and operated by the farmer, used within 150 miles of the person's farm, not used by a common or contract motor carrier, and used to transport agricultural products, farm machinery, or farm supplies A fire-fighting or emergency vehicle whether operated by an official municipal employee or a volunteer firefighter A recreational vehicle (RV) used for personal reasons

A military vehicle or commercial vehicle used for military purposes by military personnel A vehicle owned, leased, or controlled by an air carrier that is driven or operated by an employee of the air carrier on the premises of an airport or on non-public service roads A vehicle used exclusively to transport seed cotton modules or cotton burrs To find out more about obtaining a commercial drivers license, check out the Texas Commercial Motor Vehicle Handbook. This guide has all the information you need to know to become a commercial motor vehicle operator.

In the event that your license or ID is lost or destroyed, or if your name, address, or other information has changed, you can apply for a duplicate license or ID at your local drivers license office for a fee of $10. Name and address changes should be reported within 30 days. You may request a change of address duplicate license at the Texas DPS website. If your license is expiring in less than 12 months, or your provisional license is expiring in less than 30 days, you should renew your license rather than request a duplicate in these circumstances.

About six weeks before your license is due to expire, you will be mailed a renewal notice card (at the last address you gave to the DPS). You must renew your license whether or not you receive this notice. In general, you will have to renew your license in person at a drivers license office. However, some licensees will be invited by the DPS to renew through an alternate means. When renewing, you will have to answer questions about your medical history, and your case may be referred to the Texas Medical Advisory Board if circumstances warrant. You may check online or by phone to find out if you are eligible to renew by alternate means, such as online, through the mail, or by phone at 1-866-DL-RENEW.

If you're thinking about donating your organs, discuss your decision with your family. Family members may try to prevent doctors from recovering your organs if they're unaware of your wishes, even if you're registered as a donor. By talking about it now, it will be easier for your family to respect your wishes if you die suddenly. Remember, choosing to be a donor is your decision. If you want to modify, update, or revoke your organ and tissue donation status, simply log in to the official website for the Donate Life registry.

According to a 2010 survey by Donate Life America, 43% of people are undecided, reluctant, or do not wish to have their organs and tissue donated after their deaths. While an improvement over the previous year, when 50% reported the same, this statistic suggests that there is an urgent need to continue to promote the importance of organ donation. Reluctance to donate may be based on misconceptions or lack of information on the subject. Review the following slides to better understand the process of organ donation.

In addition to organ donation, tissue donation has proven an essential medical procedure for improving people's lives. Tissue transplants help individuals with congenital defects, burns, and other severe conditions and foster a quicker and less painful recovery. Bone transplants aid patients recovering from cancers, spinal problems, facial surgery, and severe trauma. Bone marrow transplants help individuals with many medical conditions, including leukemia, but can only be performed with marrow that exactly matches the recipient's. Skin transplants help people with severe burns resist infection and heal faster. Cornea transplants restore sight to people who were blind by replacing the covering of the eye when it becomes clouded by injury or disease.

According to the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN), more than 110,000 people are currently waiting for an organ. In Texas, over 11,000 people are waiting for an organ. Each year fewer than 15,000 people donate their organs, about half of whom are registered donors who have died. From these donors, more than 25,000 organs are provided each year. About 75% of donated organs come from deceased donors, as multiple organs can often be recovered from a single body. In fact, a single donor can save as many as eight lives.

When operating a vehicle, drivers must carry proof that they have met the financial responsibility requirement. For most people, this will be an insurance card issued to them by an insurance company. However, you may also display evidence of financial responsibility using your cell phone if it is equipped with this capacity. You must provide proof of financial responsibility if it is requested by a law enforcement officer or a person with whom you have been involved in a collision, as well as when you: Apply for or renew a driver's license Register your vehicle or renew your registration Have your vehicle inspected

According to the Texas Department of Insurance, approximately 4,000,000 vehicles, or 20% of all vehicles on Texas roads, are not insured. If you are involved in a collision with an uninsured driver, you may find it difficult to collect the full amount you are owed. To reduce the number of uninsured drivers, Texas has established the TexasSure program that allows law enforcement agents to immediately confirm whether a vehicle is insured. This prevents drivers from demonstrating their financial responsibility with a counterfeit or expired insurance document. If you are stopped by a law enforcement agent, he or she will consult the TexasSure database to determine your insurance status. Nevertheless, you are still required to carry proof of financial responsibility with you whenever you drive.

An organ is one of the most generous gifts a person can give or receive. Find out more about organ and tissue donation by visiting the following websites: The Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN) The United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) Donate Life America

After the next quiz, you'll watch a movie on water safety. (It's required for all Texas drivers education students.) Drowning is one of the top causes of accidental death in the U.S., especially among young people, and serious injuries related to unsafe behavior on the water are even more common. To stay safe around water, remember the following tips: Know your skills and your limits: Make sure you don't go out on the water unless you know how to swim, or at least tread water. Don't overestimate how far you can swim or how long you can hold your breath. Never swim alone: Always swim with a buddy or in a place where you'll be clearly visible to a lifeguard. Drownings are extremely uncommon when a lifeguard is present.

When you first get into your car on a hot day, roll down your windows to cool down your car before you turn on your air conditioner. The hotter your car is when you turn it on, the more work your A/C will have to do. If possible, park in the shade. Your car will be cooler, and you will be more comfortable, when you return. Use the "recycle inside air" feature if your A/C is equipped with it. Reusing the cold air inside your car will take less energy than cooling down hot air from outside.

Air pollution is a mixture of solid particles and gases in the air. Chemicals from factories, dust, pollen, and mold spores, as well as vehicle emissions, may be suspended as particles in the air. In cities, the gas ozone contributes significantly to air pollution, causing the phenomenon known as smog. Many pollutants are poisonous. Inhaling them can increase the chance you'll have health problems, especially among older adults, young children, people with heart or lung disease, and other people with weak immune systems.

According to the Texas Department of Transportation, over one billion pieces of litter are deposited on Texas roadways every year. In order to educate the public about this problem, the state established the Don't Mess with Texas campaign. This initiative includes events like the annual, state-wide "Trash-Off" litter removal day. There are significant penalties for littering. You can be fined up to $500 for a first littering offense, and may face a fine of up to $2,000 and a jail term of 180 days for subsequent littering offenses.

As a responsible driver, you shouldn't have to worry about litter in the first place. As we've discussed, eating, drinking, smoking, and other activities that would create trash are dangerous distractions and should be avoided while driving. If you do produce trash, keep it in your car in a place that's not likely to distract you until you find a trash can. Look for trash barrels on the side of the road marked with the "Don't Mess with Texas" logo. Waiting to discard trash in an appropriate place will cost you nothing.

Nonrenewal An insurance company can only refuse to renew your policy until you have been covered for at least 12 months. If a company decides not to renew your policy, it must inform you 30 days before your coverage expires. In general, a company's refusal to renew will be based on your behavior as a driver. A company cannot refuse to renew your policy for claims or crashes that cannot reasonably be blamed on you, unless such incidents occur multiple times within a 12-month period.

As soon as your insurance company informs you of its decision to end its relationship with you, you should start looking for a new insurer immediately. You may have to apply for TAIPA coverage if you cannot find another insurer to cover you. If your coverage lapses, you won't be able to drive until you obtain a new policy. By law, an insurance company cannot deny, refuse to renew, limit, or charge more for your coverage on account of your race, color, religion, or national origin. Additionally, age, gender, marital status, geographical location, and disability can only be used to refuse, limit, or charge more for coverage if sound actuarial principles indicate that you present a greater risk of loss to your insurer.

For some people, the loss of a license will make it impossible for them to conduct their normal business or complete some other essential task. If the license of an individual is suspended for a reason other than physical or mental disability or impairment and he or she can demonstrate to the court an essential need to drive, he or she can apply for an Essential Needs License at the district or county court. If this request is approved, the driver will be restricted to driving for essential purposes only and will be required to carry a certified copy of the court order when he or she drives. This document must be shown whenever a peace officer requests to examine it.

As we've discussed, to operate any motor vehicle in Texas (including a car, truck, motorcycle, motor scooter, or moped), you must register it and have it inspected at an official inspection station. You must renew your vehicle's registration and have it reinspected annually. Find out more about vehicle registration here, and inspections here. Upon moving to Texas, a new resident must register his or her vehicle and have it inspected within 30 days of establishing residency. Before he or she can apply for a drivers license, a new resident must register and provide evidence of financial responsibility for every vehicle he or she owns.

Make sure you have enough gas in your car: If you drive without fuel, you can damage your fuel pump and may end up stranded! Be sure you're carrying important documents: You never know when you might need your driver's license, proof of insurance, or vehicle registration, not to mention extra money or a map. Tailor your vehicle to your task: Make sure your vehicle is properly outfitted for any situations you are likely to encounter, including icy or snowy roads, sunlight, or high altitudes.

Avoid driving in the dark: Even driving at dusk or dawn can be dangerous. Not only will your visibility be impaired, but you are more likely to be drowsy behind the wheel. Use routes you know are safe: Don't try to use an unmarked or poorly maintained path as a shortcut, as road conditions could be dangerous or cause you additional delays. Always allow yourself extra travel time: If you're feeling rushed, you're less likely to drive responsibly and more likely to subject your car to stress.

Registration and inspection fees If you're unable to consistently meet your financial responsibilities as a car owner, don't buy a car!

Before deciding to buy a car, you should consider how often you plan to use your vehicle and think about the costs you will face over the life of the car. The following factors should influence your decision to buy a vehicle: Will you drive your car to school, work, or sport activities? Will other family members use your car for transportation? Is there any family vehicle already available that you can use during the hours you expect to drive? Do you have alternatives to driving a car, like taking public transportation or biking? What kind of vehicle will be most appropriate for the tasks for which you intend to use it?

When you're going on an extended trip, first figure out how to get where you're going. Frequently, you'll want to choose the quickest route. However, if you have time to travel, you may opt for a more pleasant trip by using a scenic route. Identify the roads you will take as well as landmarks that you can use to make sure you're on the right path. While planning your route, try to determine if you'll be driving over steep hills, on unpaved roads, or in other difficult situations.

Before leaving on a long trip, schedule a detailed inspection of your vehicle with your mechanic. Ideally, you should have your car serviced two weeks before you travel. By catching potential problems ahead of time, you won't have to deal with them in the middle of your trip. If your car breaks down in the middle of a long drive, it could ruin your entire trip. You may become stranded in an unfamiliar area, your car may need to be towed a significant distance, and you may not be able to drive for several days.

When you apply for your instruction permit, you must submit: An application for a Texas Drivers License (DL-14A) The instruction permit portion of the driver education certificate (DE-964) verifying your enrollment in drivers ed A VOE form verifying your enrollment in school, as well as a school transcript or report card The application fee Proof of liability insurance Your birth certificate and proof of your social security number

Before you can enter Phase Two of the GDL program, you must complete the instruction requirements associated with Phase One, hold your instruction permit for at least six months, and be 16 years old. To obtain a provisional license and begin Phase Two, you must pass an in-car skills test. You'll be graded on how well you control your car, observe other traffic, position your car, and signal as required. You must hold and meet the requirements for a provisional license for one year before the provisional requirements will be lifted.

All new cars are required by law to have a Monroney sticker attached to the side window that includes information about the car's price and features. In addition, a supplemental dealer sticker may be affixed that indicates dealer-installed options and the price the dealer would like to receive for the car. Most dealers are willing to bargain, often discounting the sticker price of a car by 10 to 20 percent. By knowing what you're looking for, you'll be in a better position to make a deal. If possible, bring an expert to help you negotiate.

Before you decide on the car you want to purchase, you should: Check the most recent car buyers' guides at a library or bookstore, or research car features and prices for yourself on the Internet. You will be better able to compare similar models and may find out how much a dealer will negotiate. Shop around by checking out dealer showrooms and local advertisements. Identify and test drive several options before coming to a final decision. If you know a car model is right for you, consider having a dealer order it for you if you don't see it on the lot. While this may cost you extra money, you'll be happier with the car you really want rather than an available substitute.

When you finance a car, the repayment period and the interest rate will be specified. The following example illustrates a typical financing arrangement: Purchase Price: $15,000 Interest Rate: 7.5% Repayment Period: Four years Monthly Payment: $362.68 Total pay-out = 48 x $362.68 = $17,408.64. Always work out these calculations before purchasing a car. A high interest rate can cause you to have to pay significantly more that the purchase price.

Before you sign a contract to purchase or finance a car, be sure you are making a decision you can afford. Once you and the dealer have signed all the paperwork, get a copy of the signed contract before you take possession of your car. If you fail to make payments that you owe on your car, it can be repossessed. Moreover, your credit history will be damaged, making it more difficult and expensive for you to get a loan in the future. If you finance or lease your car, you may also be required to purchase more expensive car insurance.

You may think caring for the environment is too big a responsibility for you to handle. Yet the truth is, we're using fuel, creating air pollution, and generating trash at an unsustainable rate: eventually, we could be left with an environment that is harsh, dangerous, and unhealthy. Conserving energy, reducing pollution, and recycling are all tasks you can easily perform to help the environment now and in the future. As with most driving tasks, we can best reduce the risk of a bad outcome by recognizing the problem and adjusting our actions before it's too late!

Being able to predict potential problems before they occur is one of the most important skills you can have as a driver. That's why you should always establish a substantial visual lead to help you anticipate situations on the road ahead. You should adopt this same attitude when thinking about another road ahead—the future. Whether you're worried about repair costs over the life of your car, or just want to make sure you don't run out of gas on a trip, you can bring about the results you want if you plan ahead.

The most common way that drivers choose to ensure that they can cover the costs of a collision is with a motor vehicle liability insurance policy. However, Texas will also allow you to establish financial responsibility by: Making a deposit worth $55,000 with the state comptroller or a county judge Taking out a surety bond capable of meeting the state's minimum insurance requirements with a licensed agency Obtaining a certificate of self-insurance from the DPS

Between vehicle damage, medical expenses, lost work, and legal fines, the financial costs of a collision are often more than most people can afford. Given the number of collisions that happen daily, the impact of these costs on the economy could quickly become catastrophic if they were directly borne by the individuals involved. As a result, the Texas Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility Act (TRC §601.051) requires every driver to maintain financial responsibility for any vehicle he or she operates on public roads. This means that you must be able to meet certain financial obligations resulting from a collision you cause while driving, or a collision that occurs as a result of your ownership or maintenance habits.

Perhaps the biggest expense you'll have to regularly deal with as a driver is gas for your car. Gas prices have always been a concern for drivers, but in recent years the price of fuel has fluctuated greatly and become more expensive than ever before. When purchasing a car, make fuel efficiency a priority. Not only will gas cost you a lot of money, but it has significant costs for the planet as well. When you burn fuel, you deplete the vital resource of petroleum and expel harmful toxins into the atmosphere. The less fuel you use, the better!

By adopting responsible driving habits, you can make your vehicle cheaper to run and slow the rate at which it depreciates: Avoid making fast starts and stops and cornering too fast: Not only is this behavior unsafe, but it wears out the tires and brakes, increasing the cost of maintaining your vehicle. Drive more slowly: The ideal speed for maximum fuel efficiency is between 45 and 50 mph. You will use 20% more fuel travelling between two points at 65-70 mph than you would travelling between the same two points at 55-60 mph. Anticipate the need to stop: By watching for stop signs, traffic lights, and congestion, you can slow to a stop smoothly and gently. Quick braking can wear out your brakes and tires. Perform maintenance tasks regularly: Your vehicle will run better and you'll face fewer costly repairs.

If you are involved in a crash where someone is injured or killed, a car is too damaged to move, or a hit-and-run driver was involved, you must contact the police. UM/UIM coverage will only pay for claims involving a hit-and-run driver if the incident is reported to law enforcement. Even if a crash is not investigated, you must file a crash report with the police within ten days for any collision involving injury, death, or property damage worth $1,000 or more. If you're involved in a collision with a driver who refuses to give you his or her insurance information, you can get this information by requesting a copy of the crash report, or by reporting the driver's refusal to the police.

By law, your insurance company must respond to your claim within 15 days of receiving it in writing. Provide as much information as possible, as you may be requested to document your loss. After you submit any requested documentation, the company may accept or reject your claim. If the company accepts your claim, it must send you payment within five business days. If the company rejects your claim, it must explain the rejection in writing. If your claim is rejected, review your policy's language to determine whether the company's decision was valid.

The Texas Legislature passes the laws that govern the HTS. The Criminal Justice Division oversees law enforcement and crime prevention strategies. The Judicial System enforces traffic laws and assigns punishments to violators. The Alcoholic Beverage Commission regulates alcohol consumption and zero tolerance policies. The Mental Health and Substance Abuse Division provides support for people with alcohol and drug abuse problems.

By now, you should have established a comprehensive driving plan incorporating the various lessons you have learned in this course. As you prepare to for your in-car driver training, review the skills that you'll need when you operate a vehicle. You must be able to: Perform pre-drive tasks, including pre-start and pre-drive maintenance procedures performed prior to an after entering the vehicle Utilize occupant protection and correct posture, seating, steering wheel, and hand positions Locate, identify, and respond appropriately to dashboard alert and warning indicators Perform starting tasks including activating the ignition, running the engine, and shifting gears Describe vehicle operating space

Even though modern vehicles produce only 10% as much pollution as vehicles of the 1970s, the sheer volume of traffic today increases the amount of pollution people are exposed to. In the worst traffic corridors in Texas (in the Houston and Dallas/Fort Worth areas), drivers experience over 50 hours of delays a year due to traffic congestion. According to recent research, breathing in street-level fumes for just 30 minutes can affect behavior, personality, and decision making.

By performing regular maintenance operations on your car, you can reduce emissions while you conserve fuel: Keep your car engine well-maintained and use an energy-conserving grade of motor oil. Change your air and oil filters and have your air conditioner serviced regularly. Keep your tires properly inflated and aligned. Make sure vehicle leaks are repaired promptly. Fill your gas tank during cooler evening hours to reduce evaporation. Leave room in the tank. Replace the gas cap tightly. Visit a mechanic if the check engine warning on your dashboard remains lit. Click here to learn more about driving clean across Texas.

Who decides who gets an organ? Are wealthy or famous people likely to get priority? Patients are matched to organs based on several different medical factors, including blood type, tissue type, critical need, time on the waiting list, and geographical location. Race, gender, age, income, and celebrity status are not considered when determining who receives an organ. However, a person whose medical problems are related to a long history of smoking or alcoholism may not respond as well to transplantation and may be less likely to receive a donated organ.

Can I be an organ and tissue donor and also donate my body to medical science? Donating your body to a medical school or research facility can help researchers identify the causes of illness and develop more effective medical treatments, especially if you have a rare medical condition. However, you generally cannot donate your body for research if you register as an organ and tissue donor. If you want to donate your body for scientific research, you should directly contact the medical school or research program of your choice.

Who can become a donor? Anyone can indicate their intention to donate, although donors under 18 must obtain parental consent. However, whether your organs are used will depend on your overall health and the physical condition of the organs at the time of your death. Doctors will only recover organs from a person who has been officially been declared brain dead, although some people may choose to help someone in need of an organ by donating a kidney or part of their liver while they're still alive.

Can I indicate what organs or tissues I am willing to donate? Yes. You can specify the organs (including the heart, kidneys, pancreas, lungs, liver, and intestines) and tissues (including skin, bone, heart valves, tendons, and corneas) that you are comfortable donating. However, if you wish to donate bone marrow, you must register with the National Marrow Donor Program. You can choose to donate your organs, your tissues, or both. If a person is found medically unable to donate organs, their tissue may still be found viable for transplantation. Up to 50 people can benefit from one tissue donor.

Here are some simple ways to increase vehicle efficiency and save fuel: Accelerate smoothly. Watch your tachometer. If your engine is racing, a lot of fuel is being used. Increase your following distance to avoid having to brake abruptly. Speed up as you approach a hill or curve, not while driving through it. Don't idle for more than a minute. It takes less fuel to start a car than to idle. Keep track of your gas mileage and see a mechanic if it changes suddenly.

Careful planning can also help you conserve fuel and prolong the life of your car. You may find you can avoid wasting fuel unnecessarily by: Carpooling Combining errands Selecting routes to avoid traffic Using public transit where available Driving during non-commute hours Phoning ahead to make sure your trip won't be wasted Selecting an economy car over an SUV if you have the option, especially for long drives

Collision Coverage When you are involved in a collision and the other driver is responsible, his or her insurance policy will generally pay the costs of your damages. However, for collisions where you are at fault, you should obtain a collision policy. If your car is damaged in a collision, this coverage will pay to fix the damages or replace it, regardless of who is at fault. The highest amount your insurance company will pay is the current value of your car, less the deductable. A collision policy covers members of the policy holder's family, their passengers, and others driving the policy holder's car with his or her permission. If you lease your car or use it as collateral for a loan, you will be required to obtain collision insurance.

Comprehensive Coverage A comprehensive policy will pay to repair or replace your vehicle following theft, fire, vandalism, damage caused by an animal, or "acts of God" (such as a tree falling on top of it). Like a collision policy, a comprehensive policy will pay up to the current value of your car less the deductable, and it may also pay for the use of a rental car while yours it being repaired. A comprehensive policy will be required if you lease your car or borrow any money against it.

Being a responsible driver means recognizing the consequences of your actions. In general, your highest priority will be reducing the immediate risk to yourself and others by realizing how everything from failing to signal, to tailgating, to driving while fatigued or intoxicated, to improperly maintaining your car, can result in a collision. However, it's not just the road users around you who can be affected by an irresponsible attitude. Even otherwise safe drivers can cause harm to their communities, their environments, and even the roads they drive on if they fail to recognize the global consequences of driving.

Consider some of negative effects on the environment associated with automobiles: Vehicle emissions caused by the combustion process decrease quality of life by causing air pollution and damaging the ozone layer. The manufacturing process involves the use of dangerous chemicals that can affect factory workers and nearby communities. The improper disposal of old vehicles, as well as used oil, filters, and vehicle fluids, can pollute rivers, streams, and soil quality. Used tires are not biodegradable and are a fire hazard. Careless drivers toss trash from their cars, lining the roads with litter and debris.

To avoid getting fatigued on an extended trip: Do your driving during the day. At night, your visibility will be limited and you'll be more likely to fall asleep. Take a short break from driving every two to three hours, as well as an hour-long meal break in the middle of the day. Plan your breaks so you can avoid driving between 1 p.m. and 3 p.m., when you'll have a natural tendency to feel sleepy. If you're driving through the desert, plan to travel during the cooler morning hours. Get a good night's sleep before you start your trip.

Determine how long you expect your trip to take by figuring out how many miles you'll travel daily. On average, you can expect to travel about 100 to 110 miles every two hours at highway speeds. If your route takes you through urban, residential, or mountain roads, it will take you longer to travel the same distance. Before you leave, let a family member or friend know how to reach you in an emergency and how long you expect your trip to take. When you reach your destination, contact this person to let him or her know you've arrived safe and sound.

Will my family respect my desire to be a donor? How will my desire to be a donor affect my family? It's important to discuss your desire to be a donor with your family. If your family objects when doctors seek to recover your organs, their decision could override your stated intentions. Even if they only delay the recovery of your organs, the viability of your organs for donation may be affected. If your organs are transplanted, your family will neither be billed nor receive compensation for the procedure.

Do I need to register as an organ donor if I have indicated my intention in my will? Yes. By the time your will is read, it will be too late to recover your organs. The most viable organs come from patients who are brain dead but not yet deceased. The organs of a brain dead person may continue to function for a time even though there's no chance that the person will recover.

To drive a vehicle larger than those permitted by a Class C license, you must obtain a Class A or Class B license. A Class A license permits a person to operate a vehicle of over 26,000 lbs while towing a vehicle of over 10,000 lbs, as well as to drive any vehicle permitted under Class B and Class C licenses. A Class B license permits a person to drive a vehicle of over 26,000 lbs while towing a vehicle of less than 10,000 lbs, a bus with a seating capacity of 24 or more occupants, including the driver, and any vehicle permitted under a Class C license.

Drivers must be 18 years old to apply for a Class A or Class B license, or 17 years old if they have completed an approved drivers education course, including all classroom and in-car instruction. Drivers under 18 years old must pay a fee of $15 for a Class A, B, or C license that will expire when they turn 18. Licenses are issued for a period of six years to drivers over 18 for a fee of $24. Please note that you will also be charged an administrative fee of $1 every time you conduct business with the DPS.

Health and Safety Code Violations A failure to complete a required tobacco awareness class A drug offense An offense under the Chapter 481 of the Health and Safety Code (The Texas Controlled Substances Act) Family Code Violations Delinquent conduct Truancy

Drivers who consistently demonstrate unsafe driving behaviors or who are guilty of certain significant offenses may face additional surcharges under Chapter 708 of the Texas Transportation Code, The Driver Responsibility Program (DRP). These surcharges are based on convictions that are recorded on a person's driving record. The surcharges that a driver faces can be based on the number of moving violation points the driver has accumulated, or on specific amounts associated with particular offenses.

People that will not be allowed to renew their license by alternate means include: Drivers whose license has been suspended, cancelled, revoked, or denied Commercial, occupational, or provisional license holders Licensees with restrictions concerning driving ability or medical condition Licensees who do not have a social security number or photo on file Individuals subject to sex offender registration requirements Individuals over 79 years old

Driving without a license is a serious crime. By driving without a license, you demonstrate disrespect for other drivers, the licensing system, and, if your license has been suspended or revoked, law enforcement and the court system in the state of Texas.

A Class A CDL permits a person to drive any combination of vehicles weighing over 26,000 lbs, with the towed vehicle or vehicles weighing over 10,000 lbs. A Class B CDL permits a person to drive any single vehicle over 26,000 lbs and to tow a vehicle of no more than 10,000 lbs, and to operate a vehicle designed to transport at least 24 occupants, including the driver. A Class C CDL permits a person to drive any vehicle or combination of vehicles which do not require a Class A or Class B CDL that is designed to transport between 16 and 23 occupants or that is used to transport hazardous materials requiring placards as specified in 49 C.F.R., Part 172, Subpart F.

Endorsements Certain commercial vehicles, which have special hazards associated with them, may only be operated by drivers with the appropriate CDL who have applied to have special endorsements added to their license. These endorsements include: H: The driver may transport hazardous materials N: The driver may transport a vehicle towing a tank P: The driver may operate a vehicle carrying passengers S: The driver may operate a school bus T: The driver may transport two or three trailers over a specified weight X: The driver may operate vehicles requiring both H and N endorsements

Many modern vehicles use advanced engine technologies that allow them to run partially or entirely on electricity, natural gas, ethanol, hydrogen fuel cells, or other alternative fuels that are generally cheaper and cleaner than gasoline. While these vehicles often cost a bit more, in some cases you can save $1,000 to $2,000 a year on fuel, especially when gas prices are high. Moreover, these cars can cost less to maintain and produce much less air pollution. Consider one of these cars when you're planning to buy.

Even if you don't want to invest in an alternative energy vehicle, modern engineering have made it much easier to find a car with excellent fuel efficiency. Keep in mind that it takes more energy to power larger, heavier vehicles like SUVs, so they typically have poor fuel efficiency. Additionally, some fuels include additives that make them better for your engine while reducing hazardous emissions. For instance, most cars can use a fuel known as E10, which contains one part ethanol to nine parts gasoline. Ethanol is an alternative fuel source derived from corn.

Tires All tires must be in proper and safe condition and have a tread depth of at least 2/32nds of an inch. Front seat belts Seat belts are required in all vehicles in which they were part of the original equipment.

Exhaust and emission system Your car must have a muffler and exhaust system to help reduce noise and air pollution. License plates All cars must have one valid license plate at the front of the car and one in the rear.

The DPS is authorized to suspend or revoke the license or driving privilege from any driver, after offering an opportunity for a proper hearing, for: Driving with a suspended license Causing a serious collision while driving a motor vehicle Becoming incompetent to drive Habitually driving recklessly or negligently Fleeing or attempting to flee an officer Repeated traffic law violations (4 or more convictions within a 12-month period, or 7 or more convictions with a 24-month period)

Failing to complete a required drug education program Failing to provide medical information when requested Failing to take or pass an exam when requested Failing to stop for a school bus (after a second offense) Failing to obey the terms of a probation order set during a previous hearing In addition, the DPS may suspend or revoke your Texas license for any offense committed in another state that would be grounds for suspension or revocation in Texas.

As we discussed in Unit 27, when you are involved in a collision you must exchange information with the other parties involved. In addition to your names, addresses, and license information, you must exchange the names of your insurance companies and your policy numbers. This information can be found on your insurance card. Be sure you record the company name and policy number printed on the other driver's insurance card accurately. Insurance company names are often similar and can cause confusion.

Following a collision, your insurance company requires you to: Notify the company promptly and provide the names and addresses of witnesses and injured persons. To ensure your claim is paid in a timely manner, first make a report by phone, and then follow up in writing. Send the company copies of any notices or legal papers you receive concerning the collision. Cooperate with the company's investigation. A proof-of-loss form and a medical exam may be required.

The authority of DPS to suspend or revoke an individual's drivers license extends to that person's driving privilege regardless of whether or not they are actually licensed at the time of the violation. If a driver commits a violation while driving without a license, either because he or she has not obtained a license, is driving with an instruction permit, or has had his or her license suspended or revoked for a previous violation, the department will suspend or revoke his or her driving privilege. In this situation, the driver will not be able to apply for or restore his or her drivers license until the terms of the suspension or revocation have been met.

For certain offenses, the DPS will automatically suspend your license: Driving while intoxicated (DWI) by alcohol or drugs Intoxication manslaughter Intoxication assault Boating while intoxicated Committing a serious drug offense Failing to stop and render aid (hit-and-run) Causing death or serious injury while operating a motor vehicle Overtaking and passing a school bus Evading arrest Racing a motor vehicle on a public street Vandalizing property with graffiti Committing any offense punishable as a felony under Texas motor vehicle laws

To drive a motorcycle or moped, you must obtain a Class M license. In general, drivers must be 18 years old to obtain a Class M license. However: At 16, drivers may obtain a Class M license to operate a motorcycle if they hold a valid license and have completed the 32-hour classroom portion of an approved drivers ed course and a 16-hour DPS-approved motorcycle operator training course. At 15, drivers may obtain a Class M license to operate a moped or motor-driven cycle with a motor of 250cc piston displacement or less if they have completed the 32-hour classroom and 16-hour operator training requirements.

For drivers under 18, the fee for obtaining a Class M license is the same as that for Class A, B, and C licenses, $15. For a fee of $32, a Class M license will be issued to a drivers 18 and over for a period of six years. If you plan to travel both by car and by motorcycle, you may add a Class M endorsement to your valid Class A, B, or C license for a fee of $15. When you next renew your license, it will cost you an additional $8 to renew the endorsement.

Public workers and law enforcement agents with the Department of Public Safety, the Court system, and local police and sheriff departments Workers dealing with the environmental consequences of driving, including hazardous waste disposal workers and chemists improving fuel and vehicle fluid quality Treat the HTS and the people who make it possible with respect. After all, with the number of opportunities the HTS provides, there's a good chance that one day one of these workers will be you!

For more information, visit the websites of the various agencies responsible for the HTS in Texas: The Department of Transportation is the main agency tasked with providing a safe, efficient highway system. The Department of Public Safety is responsible for issuing, renewing, and suspending drivers licenses. The Department of Motor Vehicles is in charge of vehicle registration. The Texas Education Agency establishes guidelines for drivers education

Motor Oil, Antifreeze, and Brake Fluid Automotive fluids are highly toxic and should generally be disposed of by a professional. Do not dispose of these fluids in a sink, septic tank, or storm drain, as they can poison the soil and water and damage waste treatment facilities. These fluids can generally be recycled at a service station or hazardous waste facility. If you choose to drain these fluids yourself, make sure you follow the instructions carefully. Avoid mixing fluids together. To prevent spills, use a funnel to drain the fluid into a sealable container.

Gasoline, Power Steering Fluid, and Windshield Wiper Fluid: Unlike motor oil and some other fluids, these fluids should be used up in the normal operation of the car and do not usually need to be drained and replaced. However, if you must dispose of them, make sure you store them in separate sealed containers and recycle them at a hazardous waste collection location. Car parts: Mufflers, transmissions, oil filters, and other plastic and metal car parts can be salvaged and reused. Contact your local government or recycling center to find out more about recycling car parts.

As you review the information presented in this unit, consider how to incorporate the following topics into your driving plan. To reduce risk on the road, you must: Minimize the impact of air pollution and the costs of gasoline by maximizing your vehicle's fuel efficiency Keep the roads and the environment clean by remembering not to litter or dispose of vehicle waste improperly Make sure you are ready for surprises on a long trip by estimating your expenses, loading your vehicle safely, and taking risk-reducing precautions Travel with maps of any area where you'll be travelling so you can orient yourself if you get lost Acknowledge the need for organ donation and inform your family of your intentions if you choose to become an organ donor

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TAIPA offers only liability, PIP, and UM/UIM policies, and only to the minimum limits required by law. As with regular insurance companies, if you do not want PIP or UM/UIM coverage, you must decline it in writing. For almost all drivers, TAIPA insurance will cost more than coverage provided by a private insurance company. In addition, when you receive a ticket or are involved in a collision, you will be charged a substantial surcharge. Under TAIPA, you may face a surcharge as expensive as your premium for a severe violation!

Having an insurance policy isn't a license to be reckless on the road. If you demonstrate poor driving habits, your insurance company may decide to stop covering you by cancelling or refusing to renew your policy. Cancellation refers to a company's decision to terminate your policy before it expires. Nonrenewal refers to a company's decision not to renew your policy when it expires. If a company cancels or does not renew your policy, or declines to extend you a policy, it must explain its reasons in writing and indicate the incident or risk factor that informed its decision.

A history of major driving violations can increase your insurance rates even more. Surcharges worth up to 60% of your premium may be added to your insurance costs for: Multiple collisions (the more crashes you're involved in, the higher the surcharge will be) Involuntary manslaughter with a motor vehicle Driving under the influence Criminally negligent driving Driving without a license or with a suspended license If your record is bad enough, an insurance company may refuse to insure you or cancel your insurance. If this happens, you will be unable to drive until you obtain a new insurance policy.

However, discounts on insurance rates are typically available for demonstrating a responsible driving attitude by: Completing a defensive driving course or a driver education course for young drivers Earning good grades as a student Having safety features in your car including air bags, seat belts, daytime running lights, antilock brakes, and antitheft devices Having a good driving record and claim history when renewing a policy Having multiple cars on the same insurance policy Having a concurrent homeowner's policy Consult your insurance agent to find out if you're eligible for an insurance discount.

If you demonstrate certain limitations as a driver, the DPS may place restrictions on your license requiring that you drive only if these restrictions are met. These restrictions aren't meant to interfere with your driving but to make sure you're as safe a driver as possible. A code letter will be placed on your license indicating the type of restriction. These codes include: A: The driver must wear corrective lenses B: The driver must be accompanied by a licensed operator over 21 who must remain in the front seat C: The driver must drive only in the daytime D: The driver must not exceed a speed of 45 mph E: The driver must not drive on expressway P: A specific restriction will be stated on the license

I: The motorcycle driver is restricted to vehicles with no more than 250cc piston displacement J: The motorcycle driver must ride in sight of a licensed operator at least 21 years old K: The motorcycle driver is restricted to operating a moped N: The driver must operate a vehicle equipped with an Ignition Interlock Device S: The driver must employ an outside mirror or hearing aid T: The driver must use a vehicle with an automatic transmission U: The driver must use the specified prosthetic device W: The driver must use a vehicle with power steering Z: The driver must use the specified vehicle device To remove a restriction from your license, you must contact your local drivers license office or a drivers license trooper. Drivers license troopers are the agents of the Department of Public Safety (DPS) responsible for issuing licenses and maintaining licensing records.

Drivers licenses are typically accepted as the standard form of identification around the country, and are often required to fly on planes, purchase alcohol, etc. Individuals who do not wish to drive may obtain an official state identification card (ID) at the drivers license office for a $15 fee. The ID will expire after six years. Once an individual turns 60, he or she will have to pay a $5 fee the next time that his or her ID needs to be renewed, and will not have to renew the ID again.

If you abuse your driving privilege, the DPS or the court system in the state of Texas may decide to take action against your license. A suspension is a temporary withdrawal of a drivers license or the driving privilege for a specified period of time. A revocation is a termination of a drivers license or the driving privilege for an indefinite period of time. The driving privilege may only be restored when all requirements associated with the revocation have been satisfied. A cancellation is a withdrawal of a license or the driving privilege until the driver can requalify. A denial is a withholding of a license or the driving privilege because the person is ineligible. The individual must meet the eligibility requirements before he or she can acquire a license.

Before taking an extended trip, you can make sure you're ready for trouble by having certain emergency equipment in your car: A tool kit including a flashlight, first-aid kit, screwdriver, adjustable wrench, socket set, and pair of pliers A car jack, a spare tire, a lug wrench, wheel blocks, and better jumper cables Emergency flares or triangles A fire extinguisher Warm clothing, food, and water

If you're taking a trip in the winter, there are extra precautions you should take: Keep the fuel tank full. Don't let it get below half full before refilling it, as low quantities of fuel are more likely to freeze. Make sure your tires have adequate tread depth and inflation. Cold temperatures lower tire pressure. Equip your car with any additional equipment you might need, such as chains or snow tires, extra coolant (antifreeze) and wiper fluid, and a window scraper. Remember to carry drinking water, high-energy bars, warm clothing, gloves, and a blanket.

If you're not able to provide evidence of financial responsibility, you will be unable to continue driving. You must present evidence of financial responsibility when: Applying for a drivers license Registering a motor vehicle Obtaining a motor vehicle inspection certificate Renewing a license plate Requested by a law enforcement officer or by another person involved in a collision with which you are involved

If you fail to show proof of financial responsibility when requested by a law enforcement officer, you may receive a citation. If you can show proof that a liability insurance policy was in effect when the citation was issued, the court will dismiss the charge. The first time you're convicted of failing to provide proof of financial responsibility, you'll be fined between $175 and $350. For a second offense, penalties will include a fine between $350 and $1,000, suspension of your license and vehicle registration, and impoundment of the vehicle driven at the time of the offense for 180 days. The car will not be released from impoundment until evidence of financial responsibility is provided.

Remember that when you first begin to drive, you must abide by the requirements of the Graduated Drivers License Program. In Phase One, you can obtain an Instruction Permit. The Instruction Permit will allow you to operate a vehicle while you are accompanied by a licensed driver who is over 21 years old. Since you have now completed your required 32 hours of classroom training, you must now complete 14 hours of behind-the-wheel instruction and 30 hours of supervised driving before you can continue to Phase Two. In Phase Two, you can obtain a Provisional Drivers License that will allow you to drive without supervision. During this phase, you must not drive with more than one passenger under 21 or during the night between midnight and 5 a.m.

If you haven't yet visited your local drivers license office to obtain an instruction permit, you must do so before you can begin the behind-the-wheel portion of your training. You must be at least 15 years old to qualify for an instruction permit. When you apply for an instruction permit, you will have to provide a thumbprint and submit to a vision test. You will also have to pass a written examination on road signs and the rules of the road.

If you drive on a suspended license, you are guilty of Driving While License Invalid. Your suspension will be extended for the same amount of time as the original suspension and you will be fined up to $500. In addition, you'll be fined up to $2,000 and face up to 180 days in jail for driving without a valid license if: You have a previous conviction for the same offense on your record You are also found to be driving without insurance Your suspension was imposed for a drunk driving offense If, while driving without a valid license or insurance, you're responsible for a crash in which someone is injured or killed, you will be fined up to $4,000 and face up to a year in jail.

If you intend to drive a vehicle for business or employment, you must obtain a Commercial Drivers License (CDL) rather than a classified license. A driver must be 18 years old to obtain a CDL valid for driving within Texas, and 21 to obtain a CDL valid for interstate commerce. You can obtain a Class A, B, or C commercial license. The vehicles permitted under each of these classes are similar to those permitted under the corresponding classified license. CDLs must be renewed every five years for a fee of $60.

If you have been the victim of a collision, the other driver's insurer may attempt to get you to sign a settlement, or may refuse to pay if the other driver denies fault. Don't sign a release unless you are satisfied with a settlement. You may want to ask your doctor about your anticipated medical costs, and consult a lawyer, before making a decision. Get the personal information of independent witnesses to the crash and provide it to your insurance company. This information may be necessary to resolving the dispute.

If you need to make a claim against your own insurance policy following a collision, you should: Make sure you get an appraisal for car damages. Your claim will be considered by an appraiser that you hire and one hired by your company, as well as an arbitrator. An appraisal is the best way to determine the value of your loss. Find out how your claim will affect your insurance rates when you renew your policy. Any crash reported on your driving record may affect your rates in the future. Be prepared to negotiate with your insurance company concerning the worth of your car and the value of the damages. A company might raise its offer if you can show that your car could sell for a higher price in your area.

You must provide documents from two different agencies. Acceptable documents include: A valid, unexpired Texas voter registration card, vehicle registration or title, or concealed handgun license A valid, unexpired medical card, selective service card, or insurance policy or statement A current deed, mortgage, monthly mortgage statement, or rental/lease agreement A utility statement, bank statement, credit card statement, pay stub, or mail from a government agency less than 90 days old A school transcript or tax earnings statement for the current year Current documents issued by the U.S. military, Texas Department of Criminal Justice, or U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Service

In addition to licensed Texas residents, the following drivers are legally allowed to operate a motor vehicle on Texas roads: Any nonresident of at least 16 years of age who is in possession of a valid (Class C or M) drivers license issued by his or her home state. Nonresidents over 18 years old may operate a vehicle in Texas that they are licensed to drive in their home state. Properly-licensed drivers who have moved to Texas within the last 90 days. After 90 days, a new resident must obtain a Texas drivers license. Any person temporarily driving or operating a road machine, farm tractor, or instrument of husbandry on a highway, unless the vehicle is a Commercial Motor Vehicle.

Perform vehicle operation and control tasks at various speeds to accelerate, decelerate, and steer, move forward and back, turn left and right, perform lateral and turnabout maneuvers, stop, and park Perform blind spot and mirror checks Perform multitask performances using countermeasures to compensate for divided attention Communicate and sustain visual attention while executing maneuvers Utilize a space management system Perform post-drive tasks including stopping, engine shut-down, post-drive maintenance, and exiting and securing the vehicle

In addition, you must be prepared to adopt a mental disposition appropriate for driving whenever you get behind the wheel: Be courteous to other road users by communicating properly, yielding the right-of-way, and helping other drivers when they seem agitated or distracted Recognize the particular risks associated with different kinds of road users and road and weather conditions and adjust your driving appropriately Make sure you're fit enough to operate a vehicle by staying off the road if you're too sick, tired, or emotional to drive safely Stay focused on the driving task by keeping your eyes moving across the roadway and avoiding activities likely to distract you Never get in the driver's seat when your mental and physical skills are impaired by alcohol, drugs, or anything else

Once you leave home, you and your parents must decide if you should remain listed on their insurance policy. Unless you plan to obtain your own coverage, you should probably remain on your parents' policy if still visit your parents (and use their cars) occasionally. Your parents should inform their insurance company if you are going to school away from home. If you bring a car with you, your rates may be adjusted to account for your new location. On the other hand, if you're away at school without a car, your parents may be eligible for an insurance discount.

In general, insurance companies do not wish to insure drivers who have demonstrated high-risk behavior on the road. When you apply to purchase or renew an insurance policy, the insurance company will review your driving history and assess your risk factors. If you are deemed a risky driver, the company may decline to approve or renew your policy. Many companies use the Comprehensive Loss Underwriting Exchange (CLUE) to learn about the insurance claims you have filed in the past. You can review the auto and personal property report that insurance companies use to determine your eligibility online. Federal law allows you to request one free copy of this report every 12 months.

Cancellation During the first 60 days you have a policy, your insurer may cancel your coverage for any lawful reason, including a ticket or collision. However, the company cannot refuse to cover damages that occurred while you were still under the policy. If the company decides to cancel your policy, they must send you a written notice at least 10 days in advance of the cancellation. If you have already paid for more insurance than you received, the company must refund the difference.

In general, your insurance company cannot cancel your policy once it has been in effect for more than 60 days, except if you violate the terms of your contract. Your policy can be cancelled at any time for failing to make premium payments, filing a fraudulent claim, or having your license or registration suspended or revoked.

You should also inspect under the hood and underneath the car for any signs of a problem. Look for signs of oil or fluid leaks in the engine compartment and try to make sure that nothing has been removed. Activate the engine and check under the hood for abnormal smells and clattering and hissing noises. Look on the ground beneath the car for fluid leaks. Check underneath the car for rust, scrapes, and loose or missing parts such as bolts or cables.

In order to ensure that the car works correctly, take it for a test drive. While driving the car, watch for any warning lights on the instrument panel and ask yourself: Does the engine start, run, and idle smoothly, accelerate without hesitation, and demonstrate sufficient power? Does the transmission system allow you to shift gears smoothly and without grinding or jerking? Do the brakes (including the parking brake) stop the vehicle adequately without pulling to one side? Does the steering system work smoothly and correctly? Do you hear any noises when you turn the wheel? Do advanced systems like antilock brakes and four-wheel drive function as expected?

By being a smart consumer, you're more likely to end up with a policy that provides the coverage you need at rates you can afford: Buy only from a licensed agent or company. Answer the agent's questions truthfully: wrong information may result in an incorrect quote, rejection of your application, or cancellation of your policy. Get price quotes from several companies for the same amount of coverage. Consult independent agents who can give you multiple quotes at once. Consider factors other than price, like a company's financial rating and its complaint index. This information can be found at the Texas Department of Insurance (TDI) website. Get an idea of the insurance rates you can expect based on your driver profile by visiting the TDI "Help Insure" website.

Inexperienced drivers generally have to pay significantly more for insurance. Typically, an inexperienced driver will have to pay approximately 250% of normal rates in his or her first two years of driving, and approximately 200% in his or her third year. While you may wonder why you should pay so much for insurance as a young driver, consider this: without insurance, driving could be restricted to people with enough money to pay for any damages they cause. By paying more now, you can get on the road earlier, gain experience, and have your rates reduced as you improve.

A safe and efficient Highway Transportation System is an important part of the economy of the United States. Not only does the HTS make it possible to sell produce grown on the other side of the country and to construct sophisticated machines out of parts manufactured in distant regions, but it is directly responsible for thousands of jobs in Texas and around the country.

Job opportunities created by the HTS include: Vehicle manufacturers and professional mechanics and technicians Vehicle engineers, including systems engineers, communications engineers, and computer programmers Professional drivers, including commercial truck drivers, bus drivers, taxi drivers, and delivery workers Road construction and maintenance workers

Being able to drive can improve your life in countless ways, but only if you recognize its built-in risks and adopt an appropriate attitude towards driving. If you act carelessly or recklessly behind the wheel, you may find that becoming a driver was the worst thing that ever happened to you. The first step is completing your drivers education requirement. Once you've obtained your license, you will have demonstrated that you have the basic skills and willingness necessary to be a safe and responsible driver. By mastering the lessons of drivers education now, you'll have a solid foundation on which to build a lifetime of driving experiences.

Limit and manage driver distractions and required multitask performances Adopt zero-tolerance practices related to the use of alcohol and other drugs by recognizing and understanding the laws, regulations, penalties concerning alcohol and other drugs, as well as of the consequences of alcohol and drug use on your lifestyle, your driving, and your license Manage adverse conditions resulting from weather, reduced visibility, traction loss, and emergencies Assess and manage vehicle malfunctions, perform preventative maintenance, and plan trips Attend to vehicle requirements by making wise consumer decisions regarding vehicle use and ownership, vehicle insurance, environmental protection and letter prevention, and anatomical gifts

Regardless of how you plan to use your car, your priorities should include safety, reliability, and fuel economy. Moreover, you should tailor your purchase to your driving habits: If you're going to be sharing your car with other members of your family, select a car that meets everyone's needs rather than the one you like the most. Choose a smaller car if everyone plans to use it at different times. If you chose a larger car, try to consolidate your trips as much as possible. If you plan on carrying heavy loads, choose a larger car or a truck. Excess weight can put undue stress on smaller cars and lead to vehicle damage. Different car models have different insurance, maintenance, and fuel costs associated with them. Be sure to choose a car you'll continue to be able to afford.

Make sure you don't choose a car for superficial reasons. Buyers often focus too much on features that have nothing to do with how they'll be using their car: for instance, color is the main factor that people consider when buying a car. If you choose a car because you like the way it looks, you're more likely to find yourself complaining about its performance or its costs sooner or later. You're most likely to be satisfied for a long time if you focus on factors like safety and performance when buying a car.

Liability Coverage Your liability insurance will cover damages and injuries you cause up to the amount specified in the policy. Liability insurance can be used to compensate the injured party for medical costs, funeral costs, lost wages, car rental, repair and replacement costs, as well as to cover punitive damages awarded by the court. Typically, liability insurance can also be used to pay attorney fees if you are sued because of the crash.

Most liability insurance policies cover the policy holder as well as members of the policy holder's family. Frequently, a liability policy will cover you and your family members when driving cars your family owns as well as cars (such as rental cars) being used temporarily. However, cars you don't own but have regular access to (such as company cars) are usually not covered. A liability policy may also cover other people driving your car with your permission. Be sure you review the terms of your liability policy carefully. Some policies will not cover other people, including your family members, unless they are specifically named in the policy.

There are several different types of maps available to drivers. Depending on where you're travelling, you may want to use more than one kind of map: National maps display major routes across the entire country. Regional maps display several states within a single geographical area (such as the southwest). State maps display the primary and secondary routes within a single state. City maps display in detail the streets and roadways that pass through a city.

Most maps contain a chart or legend that explains the markings and symbols used on the map: Different colors and line widths are used to identify different kinds of roads, such as interstates, toll roads, divided and undivided two- and four-lane highways, and roads that are unpaved, scenic, or under construction. Different symbols are used to indicate federal, state, secondary, and county roads. Specific icons are used to designate camp grounds, rest areas, toll roads, airports, and more. Black and red numerals show the distance between major points. A mileage scale indicates how to determine the distance between any two points. For instance, one inch on the map may correspond to a distance of five miles.

Before purchasing a vehicle, research the market and decide if you want to buy a new or used car. The advantages of a new car include low initial maintenance costs and superior fuel economy and safety features. Moreover, the cost of vehicle repairs will be covered by the manufacturer's warranty for at least a year. However, the purchase price and cost of insurance will be significantly higher for a new car: according to the National Automobile Dealers Association the average price of a new car sold in the U.S. in 2013 was $30,000.

New vehicles are too expensive for most young drivers, leading many of them to opt for a used car. Used cars can be purchased at most car dealerships as well as from private owners. However, when you buy from a private owner, you are unlikely to receive any assistance if you have problems with the car, whereas most dealerships will provide some sort of warranty.

Just because one insurance company declines to cover you because of your driving history, you shouldn't despair of ever getting on the road again. Every insurance company has its own guidelines for deciding whether they should insure someone. Some major insurers offer special policies for high-risk drivers. Remember, when you're looking for insurance, shop around. By giving yourself a number of options, you're more likely to find a company willing to insure you at rates you can afford.

Not all drivers will be able to find an insurance company willing to extend them coverage. However, since Texas requires that all drivers have auto insurance, the Texas Automobile Insurance Plan Association (TAIPA) has been established to provide coverage to drivers declined by other insurers. If you are refused insurance by two insurance companies, you can apply for TAIPA coverage. TAIPA coverage is available through licensed insurance agents, not through TAIPA itself. If you go a year without tickets or crashes, your agent may allow you to apply for a normal policy with lower insurance rates.

It's also important to remember that, as the most valuable piece of property you own, it's also your possession most likely to attract the attention of desperate people with criminal intentions. Protect your investment! Always keep your car's doors locked whether it's parked or on the road. In general, your windows should be rolled up far enough that no one can reach in. At night, travel on streets that are busy and well-lighted. Keep your purse and other valuables out of sight when you're driving and when your car is parked. Identify safe places on your normal route that are likely to be open at all hours, such as gas stations and police stations.

On average, a car is stolen in the United States every 44 seconds. Nearly one in every two cases of vehicle theft is due to carelessness by the driver, such as leaving the doors unlocked or the keys in the ignition. Always keep your doors locked and windows closed, park in safe and heavily-travelled areas, invest in anti-theft devices, and take your keys with you. If your car is stolen, report it to the police immediately. Also notify law enforcement if you recover your car yourself, as you may be arrested for driving your own car if it's still considered stolen.

While it's difficult to estimate how much it will cost to own and operate a car, you should consider all potential expenses when deciding what vehicle to purchase. The amount you spend on your car will be based on costs that fluctuate depending on how much you actually drive (such as gasoline, replacing tires and other components that wear out, and oil changes) and costs that remain relatively stable even if you don't use your car that often (such as insurance, registration, and depreciation).

Over time, your car will become worth less and less because of normal wear and tear and the availability of newer vehicles with more advanced technology. This process is known as depreciation. As soon as you drive your car off the lot, it becomes a used car rather than a new one, and you won't be able to sell it for as much as you paid. Cars depreciate especially rapidly during the period immediately after buying a new car, and then more slowly as the car gets older. Even if the number of miles you travel remains relatively low, your car's resale value will decrease over time.

Motor vehicles even affect the quality of the roads where they're used. For one thing, on crowded roads, you could end up driving in a cloud of exhaust. According to recent research, vehicle exhaust can raise the risk of heart disease, cancer, and mental impairment. Moreover, the weight of constant traffic causes roads to decay and crack, making them less safe and more uncomfortable to drive on. Eventually, the negative environmental impacts of driving could make driving itself impossible!

Once you have a car, it can be easy to jump behind the wheel without giving much thought to what you're doing. Whether you're going to the store, visiting a friend, or just need to clear your head, you may consider your car to be the perfect solution. The truth is, driving too much can be bad for you, your car, your wallet, and your environment. Before you get behind the wheel, consider whether it might not be better to take a walk, ride a bike, catch a bus, or ride with a friend.

When you take a road trip, you should hope for the best, but prepare for the worst. Anything can happen when you're on the road, and if you're far from home, it will be much more difficult for you to deal with a problem. On a trip, it's useful to bring: Coins for tolls and telephone calls (in case your cell phone dies or can't get a signal) Maps of every area you plan to visit, with your intended route and alternate routes indicated A list of emergency phone numbers, including your insurance company or motor club, as well as roadside assistance A list of phone numbers for places where you have reservations Your owner's manual, vehicle registration, and insurance information An extra set of keys

One of the most common mistakes that drivers make on long trips is spending too much time on the road. If one person will be doing all the driving, he or she should drive no more than six to eight hours in one day. You can make your trip pass by faster and keep yourself from zoning out by sharing driving responsibilities with someone you trust. However, even if you have someone to split the driving with, the total time you spend on the road should not exceed 10 to 11 hours in a single day.

If you decide to purchase a used car, ask a mechanic that you trust to assess its condition and address any repairs that need to be made. Find out the car's Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) before purchasing so you can get a full history report that shows if the car has ever been in a collision or damaged in any way.

Other than a house, a car is the most expensive purchase that most people make. Before you settle on anything, research the available options so you can make an informed decision. The age, type of vehicle, and optional features included with the car will all affect the price. Determine how much you are willing to spend and whether you need extras like a GPS system or four-wheel drive. By being a patient and informed consumer, you will be less likely to be pressured into a decision you can't afford!

The Adopt-A-Highway program is a great way to take pride in your community while bringing your group or club together as a team. When your group adopts a highway, it agrees to care for a two-mile stretch of highway for a minimum of two years by picking up litter at least four times per year. Your group's name will printed on signs posted in your adopted section, and the group will be provided with safety vests, litterbags, and safety training. Help keep Texas roads beautiful. Click here to find out more about adopting a highway.

Over time, many of your car's components will deteriorate. These include batteries, oil filters, tires, and mufflers, as well as the fluids your car needs to run. When you need to replace a vehicle part or fluid, make sure that the old materials are disposed of properly. Car parts and by-products must generally be handled in special ways. They must not be dumped on the ground, thrown in the garbage with normal trash, or poured down the drain. These materials must be disposed of at a car repair shop or a hazardous waste collection location.

Your vehicle's center of gravity can be affected by how you pack it. For instance, luggage stored on top of your car (e.g. in a car-top carrier) will raise your car's center of gravity, adversely affecting your ability to brake and steer. Pack the heaviest items closer to the floor and closer to the center of the vehicle. If you're not travelling with anyone else in your car, make sure you don't overload the rear of the vehicle.

Pack the items you're most likely to need while driving in the most accessible spots so you'll be able to retrieve them quickly. However, remember that you should never reach for an item while operating your car. If you need to store luggage within the passenger compartment, opt for soft items such as pillows and blankets. Pay attention to how your visibility is affected by items packed in your car. Don't pack items in a way that impedes your view of the road ahead of you, to your sides, or in your mirrors.

Medical Payments (Med-Pay) Coverage In the event of a collision, a medical payments policy will provide compensation for medical treatment or funeral expenses for the policy holder and his or her family members, as well as passengers in his or her car, regardless of who is responsible for the crash. It also protects members of the policy holder's family who are hit by a car as a pedestrian or bicyclist. Payouts are generally provided for minor injuries, the use of an ambulance or ER, and the deductable on a major medical insurance policy. However, it is not intended to cover all medical bills and you are not required to obtain it. In addition, you will not be allowed to collect from two separate policies for the same medical bills.

Personal Injury Protection (PIP) Coverage Like a med-pay policy, a personal injury protection policy covers the costs of reasonable and necessary medical expenses when the policy holder or his or her family members are involved in a collision. In addition, PIP policies will pay up to 80% of your lost income as well as the cost of hiring a caregiver if you are too injured to perform regular household tasks. When you purchase an insurance policy, the company is required to offer you $2,500 in PIP coverage, though you can purchase more. If you don't want PIP coverage, you must decline this coverage in writing.

You will also be allowed to specify certain preferences and medical conditions on your drivers license. All licenses provide a space for the licensee to indicate any drug allergies the license holder may have. On the reverse of the drivers license, the DPS is required to print the statements Directive to physician has been filed at telephone # and Emergency contact telephone #. You will be able to fill in this information and there will be space to indicate for what purpose the number applies. There will also be space on the license for you to voluntarily list health conditions that may impede communications with a peace officer.

Remember: When you visit the drivers license office, you'll be offered a Donate Life Texas pamphlet that explains organ donation. You'll be able to indicate whether you intend to become an eye, tissue, or organ donor. Male drivers over 18 will be asked to register for selective service when they visit the drivers license office, if they have not already done so. Visitors to the drivers license office will be invited to complete a voter registration form.

Frequently, when you purchase a new car, it will be covered under your existing insurance policy. If you are replacing an old car, your new car will automatically have the same coverage as the car you replace. If you are purchasing an additional car, it will usually have the same coverage as the car already on your policy with the broadest coverage. For instance, if you own two cars, but only have additional collision and comprehensive coverage for one, your new third car will have those additional coverages as well. Read your policy to find out whether it will cover an additional or replacement car automatically. When you purchase a new car, you must inform your insurance company immediately to ensure that it is covered.

Some insurance companies allow you to purchase endorsements for your policy that provide extra coverage for specific situations: A stereo equipment endorsement provides coverage if stereo equipment that is not permanently installed in your car (such as a cell phone, CB radio, stereo, or CD or MP3 player) is damaged or stolen. If you plan to drive within Mexico, it's generally best to purchase a tourist endorsement from your insurance company, or to buy Mexican liability insurance from a licensed agent in Texas. Some insurance companies offer a limited tourist endorsement for free, but it may not be sufficient to meet Mexican legal requirements.

Flashing lights can be installed around a vehicle to be used for warning other traffic of hazards in the road. Flashing lights must be amber or white in the front of the car and amber or red in the back of the car. All flashing lights must flash simultaneously. Up to three additional lights can be mounted on the front of the car. These lights must be between 12" and 42" above the surface of the road.

Some optional equipment that can be installed in your car is considered unsafe and is prohibited by the state of Texas: A red light or flashing red lights that show from the front of the vehicle, unless it is an emergency vehicle A bell, siren, or exhaust whistle, unless the vehicle is an emergency vehicle A radar interference device designed to disrupt a radar or laser reading of the vehicle's speed Anything that extends more than three inches beyond the left side or six inches beyond the right side of the body, running boards, or fenders of a vehicle A muffler cutout You must not modify or weight your vehicle in a way that causes the bottom of the body to sit below the lowest part of the wheel rims.

Two white or amber parking lights in the front of the car and two red parking lights in back that can be activated by the driver A white license plate light that illuminates the rear license plate whenever any other lights are activated While it's also a good idea to have two white backup lights, one on each side of the back of the car, that activate when backing up, this equipment is classified as optional by the state of Texas.

Some vehicles, including government vehicles and antique and classic vehicles, may be exempt from some of these regulations. In addition to these requirements, slow-moving vehicles (such as tractors, construction machinery, animal-drawn vehicles, and other vehicles designed to travel at 25 mph or less) must display a slow-moving vehicle emblem (pictured).

If you see someone throw trash from his or her car, you can report the offense to the Texas Department of Transportation by visiting this page. Keep in mind that only a law enforcement officer who witnesses an incident of littering can ticket a driver for the offense. When you report a litterer, the violator will receive a "Don't Mess with Texas" litterbag and a letter reminding them of the state litter laws.

Texas also tries to keep its roads clean with the Adopt-A-Highway program. This program allows local organizations such as social clubs, scouting organizations, large and small businesses, and even individual families to take responsibility for keeping a specific stretch of highway clear of litter. In 1985, the world's first Adopt-A-Highway program began here in Texas. Since then, nearly 90,000 groups in all 50 states, as well as in foreign countries like Canada, Australia, and Japan, have helped their communities by adopting a highway.

Never forget that every action has consequences. What you decide to do today will inevitably have an impact on what you're able to do tomorrow. If you plan on driving for a long time, it's your responsibility to develop strategies that will help you remain licensed, develop your driving skills over time, maintain the condition of your car, and stay alive long enough to enjoy the driving experience that you gain.

The ability to drive is a terrific privilege. It's easy to forget how much work it takes to plan, build, and maintain roadways, create and enforce traffic laws and regulations, design, manufacture, sell, and repair vehicles, and perform peripheral services like providing insurance or teaching drivers education. When you drive courteously, you show respect for the work these people do to make sure everyone can use the HTS with confidence

If you are uninsured and cause a collision, you will be personally responsible for covering the losses sustained by the other people involved. Without insurance, it could take you years to pay for the damages resulting from a collision. Moreover, if there is a judgment against you, you will be unable to reinstate your license until you have satisfied the judgment or have entered into an agreement to pay the judgment in installments. You will have to pay an additional fee of $100 when you have your license reinstated.

The basic policy that you are legally required to obtain as a Texas driver is known as liability insurance. In addition, there are seven other types of coverage you may want to consider: Medical Payments Insurance Personal Injury Protection Uninsured/Underinsured Motorist Insurance Collision Insurance Comprehensive Insurance Towing and Labor Insurance Rental Reimbursement Insurance When shopping for insurance, you should understand the benefits of the various coverage options available and decide which policies make the most sense for you.

While you must pay a premium (monthly or annually) to maintain your insurance policy, the cost of this premium can vary considerably from driver to driver, even for the same level of coverage. Insurance companies use a process called underwriting to determine how likely a policy holder is to make a claim on his or her insurance. Drivers who are deemed to be statistically more likely to cause a collision will be charged a higher premium for a liability insurance policy, as these drivers are likely to cost the insurance company more. Each insurance company uses its own underwriting formula for assessing risk factors, so get quotes from several companies before deciding which policy is right for you.

The cost of your insurance premium is based on a number of factors, including: Age, gender, and marital status: Male drivers under 25 and unmarried women under 21 have the highest rates. Generally, a driver's insurance premiums decrease as he or she gets older and gains driving experience. Geography: Drivers in urban areas typically have higher rates due to the increased risk of theft or collision. The value of your deductable: Drivers with higher deductibles generally pay lower rates.

Vehicle type: You will pay more to insure an expensive car or a car that costs more to repair. Usage habits: Your rates will be higher if you drive your car to and from work regularly, or if you use your car for business. Credit score, education, and occupation: While not directly related to driving, these factors have been statistically correlated with an individual's chances of being involved in a collision. However, an insurance company cannot deny you coverage based solely on your credit history.

The factor most likely to raise your insurance rates is a record of careless driving. You will have to pay more for insurance if you are cited for traffic violations or involved in a collision. When you are found at-fault for a collision and an insurance claim is filed for damages, your rates will be higher for at least three years. A history of driving while uninsured can also lead to increased insurance premiums. If you operate a vehicle without insurance for more than 30 days in the 12 months before you apply for insurance, you will face increased rates.

During your vehicle inspection, its equipment will be tested to make sure that they are working properly and meet all applicable legal standards. When your vehicle passes its inspection, you will be issued an official certificate that must be placed on your windshield (or on the license plate of a moped or motorcycle). An inspection certificate remains valid for one year from the month of inspection. You must be able to furnish proof of financial responsibility at the time of your inspection. If you do not, you will not be issued an inspection certificate.

The following equipment will be inspected: Windows All glass in your car must be safety glass. Any time you replace a piece of glass, you must replace it with safety glass. Sunscreening devices and window tinting must comply with the applicable state regulations. The windshield wipers must function properly to improve visibility in inclement wea

As you inspect the car, you should check: The body: Look for signs that the car has been repainted or that body panels have been repaired or replaced. The tires: Inspect the condition of each tire, including the spare, making sure that their brand, size, and tread width are consistent. The suspension: Make sure the car sits level. Bounce each corner of the vehicle to see if any responds differently or makes a creaking noise.

The frame: Check inside the trunk and wheel wells and under the sides of the vehicle for signs that the frame has been straightened following a crash. The interior: Make sure that all seat belts, window cranks, door locks, dashboard controls, seat adjusters, interior lights, and accessories are present and operate correctly. Check the upholstery, dashboard, and carpet for signs of damage. The gas cap and filler neck: Remove the gas cap to check inside the filler cap. Make sure the gas cap is tightly secured when you replace it.

The DPS may refuse to issue or renew the drivers license of a person ineligible to receive a license in Texas because of: A previous suspension, revocation, cancellation, or disqualification in Texas, another state, or a Canadian province A physical or mental incapacity that prevents the safe operation of a motor vehicle A conviction for acquiring fuel without payment (stealing gas) A conviction for certain criminal mischief, such as graffiti A conviction for purchasing alcohol for a minor or furnishing alcohol to a minor In addition, the DPS may refuse to renew the license of a driver who fails to appear in court for traffic violations or other offenses within the jurisdiction of a justice or a municipal court.

The license of individuals under 21 years old may be automatically suspended for any of the following offenses: Alcoholic Beverage Code Violations The possession of alcohol The consumption of alcohol The purchase of alcohol or an attempt to purchase alcohol Driving under the influence of alcohol The failure to complete an alcohol awareness course The misrepresentation of his or her own age

The driver of an official motor vehicle in the service of the U.S. or state military service, unless the vehicle is a Commercial Motor Vehicle Any nonresident on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces with a valid license from his or her home state as well as his or her licensed spouse and children. Anyone on active duty who was issued a valid license by the U.S. Armed Forces while in a foreign country may operate a motor vehicle in Texas for up to 90 days after returning to the United States. The Texas drivers license of a resident who enters or is in the U.S. Armed Forces will remain valid as long as he or she continues to serve and remains outside of Texas, and for up to 90 days after he or she leaves the Armed Forces or returns to Texas, unless the license is suspended, revoked, or cancelled sooner.

The license that most Texas drivers obtain is a standard Class C classified drivers license. Applicants for a Class C license must be 18, or 16 if they have completed Phase One of the GDL program. The Class C license allows a person to drive a single-unit vehicle that weighs no more than 26,000 lbs, and to tow a trailer of no more than 10,000 lbs. A driver with a Class C license may also operate a farm trailer of no more than 20,000 lbs. However, this license does not allow the operator to drive a motorcycle or moped.

Over the past several decades, advances in scientific, surgical, and medical technology have made it possible to prolong many lives with organ and tissue transplants. Among the organs that can be transplanted are: The kidneys: Each year, more than 15,000 kidneys are donated, which is a more effective treatment for kidney failure than dialysis. The pancreas: Over 1,000 people every year receive a pancreas transplant, one of the most successful treatments for severe diabetes. To get the best results, kidney and pancreas transplantations are often performed together.

The liver: Around 6,000 livers are transplanted each year, many into children born with congenital defects. The lungs: Without a transplant, the best someone with severe lung disease can hope for is being hooked up to an oxygen tank 24 hours a day. Today, around 1,700 lungs are transplanted every year—up from just 33 in 1988. The heart: Although artificial hearts and other treatments are used to treat severe heart disease, the only effective long-term treatment is transplantation. Over 2,000 hearts are transplanted every year.

After you purchase a car, you must make sure the car is titled in your name. The title certifies that you are the legal owner of the vehicle. Once the title has been registered in your name, you will receive a Certificate of Title from the Texas DMV. Sometimes, more than one owner may be listed on the title. For instance, if you have a car loan, the bank that issued the loan may be listed as an owner until your loan is paid off. This will allow the bank to repossess your car if you fail to make payments.

The procedure for obtaining a title for your car differs depending on whether you purchase the vehicle from a dealer or an individual: If you buy a car from a dealer, the dealer is required to file the title paperwork on your behalf. If you buy a car from an individual, you must accompany the seller to your county tax office to make sure the title is transferred to you. You will also be responsible for paying the motor vehicle sales tax (6.25%) on the car at this time. The title must be assigned to the buyer within 20 days of purchasing a vehicle (or 45 days if the vehicle is being financed by the dealer).

In general, you will be able to receive insurance coverage through your parents' policy, especially if you plan to share a car with other family members. While this will significantly increase the rates your parents pay, it will be cheaper than if you purchased a separate policy for yourself. In order to be covered by your parents' insurance, make sure that they list you on their policy as soon as you start to drive. If you try to make a claim on a policy on which you are not explicitly listed, you may be charged for missed premium payments or your claim or coverage may be denied.

The rates your parents are charged for putting you on their policy are determined in part by the car you choose to drive. If you only drive cars that are primarily used by other family members, your rate will be based on the household car that is most expensive to insure. If you are the principal driver of a particular family car, your rate will be based on that car. If you end up purchasing your own car, you may be required to obtain a separate policy for yourself.

You are eligible for protection under the Lemon Law if: Your car has a serious defect or abnormal condition The problem is covered by a manufacturer's warranty You report the problem to the dealer or manufacturer within the term of the warranty You have given the dealer and manufacturer a reasonable opportunity to correct the problem and sent the manufacturer written notice of the problem The problem persists, causing malfunctions or safety hazards You file a Lemon Law complaint in a timely manner If you have questions about filing a Lemon Law complaint, call the Consumer Affairs Section of the Texas Department of Transportation, Motor Vehicle Division at 1-800-622-8682.

There are different options to choose from when purchasing a new or used car. While it is generally best to pay in full, many car buyers pursue financing arrangements that allow them to make affordable payments every month. In many cases, you may also be able to lease the car without purchasing it outright. Always be careful to read and understand all provisions when signing any financing agreement. Sometimes you can get a better deal by contacting lenders directly rather than accepting the financing offered by your car dealer.

Driving without insurance is a serious crime: The first time you are convicted of driving without insurance, you will be fined between $175 and $350. You will be fined up to $1,000 for subsequent violations of the state's financial responsibility law. If you are convicted of driving without insurance more than once, your license and registration will be suspended and your vehicle may be impounded. If you drive without insurance and without a valid drivers license, you will be penalized with a fine of up to $2,000, a 180-day jail sentence, or both. The penalties for driving uninsured and unlicensed will be doubled if you cause a collision that results in serious injury or death.

There are long-term consequences for driving without insurance. A single offense can end up costing you over $1,000: after being convicted of driving without insurance, you must pay an annual surcharge of $250 for three years to maintain your license. Your license and vehicle registration will be suspended if you are convicted of driving without insurance more than once. This suspension will remain in effect until you obtain insurance and file evidence of financial responsibility. When reinstating your license following an insurance-related suspension, you will have to submit an SR-22 form to the DPS that requires your insurance company to monitor and report any changes to your policy for up to three years. If you cancel your policy or let it lapse during this period, your license will be suspended immediately.

In the event of a collision, the liability insurance of the responsible party will pay for the expenses of others who are injured or killed, or whose property is damaged, in the crash. The insurance company will pay the amount for which a driver is legally responsible, less the deductable, up to the limit of the policy's coverage. By law, you must obtain a liability insurance policy that provides the following minimum amounts of coverage: $30,000 for the injury or death of a single person $60,000 for a single collision that causes the injury or death of more than one person $25,000 for property damage

These amounts are only the legal minimums. Many collision-related lawsuits are settled for much greater sums. If the damages resulting from a collision you caused are determined to be more than your insurance policy will pay, you will be personally responsible for the difference. If your finances will allow, consider purchasing more than the basic amount of insurance. While you may consider it wasteful to spend extra money now for a situation that may never occur, you will be grateful for the added protection if you're ever in a serious collision.

Batteries The kind of batteries used in automobiles, known as lead-acid batteries, contain toxic amounts of lead, which can cause fatigue, chronic pain, kidney damage, physical and mental retardation, and even death. The lead remains inside the battery even after it can no longer be recharged. By law, old car batteries cannot be discarded in a landfill. In general, the retailer who sold you the old battery, or the retailer from whom you are buying a new one, will accept the spent battery for recycling.

Tires When tires are improperly stockpiled or illegally dumped, they trap rainwater and become breeding grounds for disease-carrying bugs and rodents. Moreover, tire piles are a major fire hazard. Burning tires are difficult to extinguish, emit toxic gases, and leave behind an oily residue that pollutes streams and ground water. When you buy new tires, the retailer will usually offer to recycle your old tires for a small fee. Tire material can be used to make roads, running tracks, and rubber mats, among other things.

Fortunately, every year more people are being saved by donated organs. In the past 25 years, the number of donors and transplants have both more than doubled. By 2010, 79 people were receiving an organ donation every day. However, another person is added to the waiting list for an organ every 10 minutes. Because so many people are added to the list daily, the gap between the number of available organs and the size of the waiting list continues to grow.

To encourage people to register as organ and tissue donors, in 2005 the Texas legislature approved the creation of a state registry where people can indicate their intention to make an anatomical gift when they die. Today, this registry is known as the Glenda Dawson Donate Life — Texas Registry after the state representative who led the effort to create the registry after successfully receiving a donated kidney.

If you are a Texas resident, you must have a Texas drivers license in order to operate a motor vehicle. When you apply for a drivers license or ID card, you must demonstrate that you are a resident of the state of Texas and lawfully present in the United States. If Texas is the location of your fixed, permanent home, or if Texas is the place you live most of the time, you may apply for a Texas license.

To establish Texas residency, you must present two acceptable documents containing your name and residential address. One of these documents must prove you have lived in Texas for at least 30 days, unless you are surrendering a valid, unexpired drivers license from another state. If you cannot provide two documents proving your residency (e.g. because you are living with a family member or roommate), you must complete a Texas Residency Affidavit.

The costs of a road trip can add up quickly. Before you travel, you should estimate how much money you will have to spend on the trip so you can avoid stress and unnecessary costs, or, even worse, finding yourself without enough money to get home. First, calculate the costs of driving itself by determining how much you will have to spend on fuel and tolls. Consult state maps or check with an automobile club to determine to frequency and cost of tolls on your trip.

To figure out how much you'll spend on gas, you'll need to determine: The distance you'll travel: This can be found by consulting a map. Remember to factor in your return trip, and include an extra 50 to 100 miles for driving you might do at your destination. The average miles per gallon (mpg) your car normally gets The costs of gas: Since fuel prices may vary from place to place on your trip, you should use gas prices in your area to make your estimation. For instance, if you're planning to travel 1,000 miles and your car averages 25 mpg, you'll need about 40 gallons of gas. If gas is $4 a gallon, you can expect to pay about $160 for fuel.

An insurance policy is a financial contract between a policyholder and an insurer. The terms of the policy, including the kinds of losses that the insurance company will pay for and the situations in which the insurance company can reject a claim, will be specifically stated in the contract. Before you purchase an insurance policy, you should read the contract carefully. Don't rely on the person selling you the policy to accurately describe its contents, as it may include special terms that would make it harder for you to file a claim.

To obtain insurance coverage, you must pay a premium, which is typically paid every month but may also be paid in a single sum. You must pay the insurance premium regardless of whether you need to make an insurance claim. Moreover, your insurance policy will specify the deductible you will have to pay towards any loss covered by the policy. For instance, if your policy has a $1,000 deductable and you are in a collision that results in $5,000 in damages, you will have to pay $1,000 and the insurance company will pay $4,000. In general, policies with lower premiums have higher deductibles, and vice versa. Choose a policy with a premium and a deductable you can afford.

The sheet that your registration sticker is attached to is known as the registration receipt. Keep the registration receipt in your glove compartment. If you buy a used car, make sure you get the vehicle's registration receipt from the seller. You must present the registration receipt to a law enforcement officer if asked. Your registration must be renewed every year. You may renew by mail, in person, or, in some counties, online. Once you submit your renewal application and pay the registration fees, you will be sent a new registration sticker and receipt.

To save you time, you are allowed to renew your vehicle registration for up to three years when you submit the renewal application. You will receive a single registration sticker that will remain valid until your registration has to be renewed again. Your renewal application can be refused for a number of reasons, including the condition of your car, a lack of vehicle insurance, or a failure to pay traffic tickets or other fines.

The concept of insurance was introduced in America by Benjamin Franklin, who established a company called "The Philadelphia Contributionship for the Insuring of Houses from Loss by Fire" in 1752. Every member agreed to make equal payments to the company, which would cover the losses of any members whose property was destroyed in a fire. Insurance policies today work the same way. Each policy holder pays a relatively small amount. In exchange, the insurance company will compensate the holder a much larger amount in the event of a loss.

Today, individuals can insure pretty much anything to protect themselves from a potentially catastrophic financial loss. Some forms of insurance include: Homeowner's insurance Renter's insurance Life insurance Health insurance Dental insurance For instance, a homeowner may pay an annual premium of $600 for an insurance policy that will pay up to $250,000 in the event of a fire or natural disaster.

Most maps contain a chart or legend that explains the markings and symbols used on the map: Different colors and line widths are used to identify different kinds of roads, such as interstates, toll roads, divided and undivided two- and four-lane highways, and roads that are unpaved, scenic, or under construction. Different symbols are used to indicate federal, state, secondary, and county roads. Specific icons are used to designate camp grounds, rest areas, toll roads, airports, and more. Black and red numerals show the distance between major points. A mileage scale indicates how to determine the distance between any two points. For instance, one inch on the map may correspond to a distance of five miles.

Today, there are a number internet mapping services you can use to generate a step-by-step set of directions between your starting point and your destination. These services allow you to review your route in advance and print out the directions to take with you on your trip. However, it can be dangerous to rely on these services exclusively, as they're not always accurate and don't always represent current road closures. Moreover, these maps don't provide a lot of information about landmarks or other roadways in the area where you'll be travelling.

Before you purchase a car, you should inspect the vehicle in person to make sure its condition is as advertised. This is especially true when buying a used car. When you go to check out a car, bring a notepad, pen or pencil, and list of questions you have about the car, as well as a flashlight and magnet to facilitate your inspection. Bring a knowledgeable friend or expert if possible. For practice, you should inspect a vehicle your family or a friend already owns so you can familiarize yourself with the inspection process. Your inspection will be more successful if you know what to look for.

Try to arrange with the seller to see the vehicle after it has been sitting overnight so you can see how it starts first thing in the morning. You should always inspect a vehicle during the day, when there is plenty of light. If you have scheduled an appointment with a private seller, try to arrive 15 to 20 minutes early as the seller may be preparing the vehicle for your visit. Do not be afraid to ask the seller to show or demonstrate features of the car. Always ask to see maintenance records.

The DPS can cancel your drivers license or ID for: Receiving a license suspension or revocation in another state Having the authorization provided by your parent or guardian withdrawn (if you are under 18) Failing to meet the qualifications for a drivers license or ID required by the state of Texas Failing to have provided the required information truthfully on your license application Failing to have completed your required drivers education course The department may also cancel your license if you voluntarily surrender it for medical or insurance purposes.

Upon receiving an order from the court, the DPS can suspend, revoke, or cancel a drivers license for: Delinquent child support A failure to repay any overpayment of food stamps or financial assistance Mental incapacitation Chemical dependence A failure to annually renew one's registration as a sex offender In addition, for drunk driving offenses, a license may be revoked until the driver installs a deep lung breath analysis mechanism, or Interlock Device in his or her ignition system. This device ensures that a driver cannot drive with an illegal BAC by requiring him or her to take a chemical breath test before the car will activate.

You can also increase your fuel efficiency by using your car's technologies wisely: You can improve your gas mileage by 7% by using cruise control on highways. Don't cruise at speeds over 60 mph, and make sure to use cruise control only on flat highways. Cruise control may make your engine speed when driving uphill and slow down when driving downhill. Always choose the highest gear appropriate for the situation, as this will reduce how hard the engine needs to work, decreasing fuel consumption. On the highway, set the transmission to overdrive if the option is available in your car.

Use your air conditioner sparingly. Air conditioning is an energy-intensive process that consumes a lot of fuel. When driving at more than 40 mph, roll up your windows and use your air conditioner. At high speeds, open windows make your car less aerodynamic, lowering your gas mileage significantly. At speeds lower than 40 mph, you should open your windows if you're hot. Using your air conditioner could reduce your gas mileage by 20%.

Moreover, many modern cars are equipped with GPS technology that can guide you to your destination. While these devices can reduce your stress in unfamiliar places, remember that they can distract you from the road. Never attempt to program a GPS device while driving. Even if you have a GPS device or set of directions from the Internet, you should always carry fold-out maps in your car for any areas where you'll be driving. They may prove essential if you get lost or need to find an alternate route, or if your GPS device malfunctions.

When applying for or renewing your drivers license, you'll be encouraged to register as an organ and tissue donor. As a registered donor, when you die your organs will be recovered and transplanted into people who need them urgently. Even though many people support organ donation and register as organ donors, a dire shortage of organs and tissues continues to prevent many people from getting the life-saving procedures that they need. On average, 18 people die in the United States every day waiting for an organ transplant.

Avoid alcohol: Boating while intoxicated is a crime. The intoxicating effects of alcohol impair your judgment, balance, and coordination, making it harder to swim well. Alcohol also reduces your body's ability to keep itself warm, putting you at more risk for hypothermia. Don't swim during storms: Cold temperatures, heavy winds, and the potential of lightning all put you at extreme risk if you're in the water. Know how to get help: Always have a plan for who you can call and what you can do if something goes wrong. Read and obey posted signs: These instructions are meant to keep you safe, and can inform you of hazards you may not otherwise notice.

Wear a life jacket: It's estimated that 70% of people who died in accidental drownings would be alive today if they wore a life jacket. On a boat, a life jacket is as essential as a seat belt is in a car. Use an ignition safety switch: Also known as a kill switch, these devices connect the boat pilot to the ignition with a lanyard. When tugged in an emergency (for instance, if you're thrown from the boat), the boat's engine will stop immediately, preventing further injuries. Take a boater education course: Texas Parks and Wildlife offers a course to ensure you know how to operate personal watercraft safely. If you were born after September 1, 1993, you must take a boater safety course to operate any personal watercraft.

Is there a chance my organs will be recovered if I still have a chance to get better? No. Even if you register as a donor, your doctors will make every effort to save your life—including, in some situations, transplanting an organ. The medical team treating you is not even responsible for extracting your organs, and will not contact the transplant team until their life-saving efforts have failed.

What does my religion have to say about organ donation? Organ, tissue, and eye donation are generally considered acts of charity by the standards of most mainstream organized religions. Can I sell my organs? No! The National Organ Transplant Act makes it illegal to sell human organs and tissues in the United States. Violators are subject to fines up to $50,000, imprisonment up to five years, or both.

Point-based Penalties For every moving violation a driver commits, a certain number of points will be added to the driver's record by the DPS: Two points will be assessed for a moving violation committed in Texas or another state Three points will be assessed for a moving violation committed in Texas or another state that resulted in a crash

When a driver has accumulated six points, a surcharge of $100 will be assessed. For every additional point over six that a driver accumulates, the surcharge will be increased by $25. A driver's record will be reviewed annually. If the driver has at least six points at that time, he or she will be required to pay the surcharge. The number of points on a driver's record will increase every time he or she is convicted of a traffic offense. However, convictions are generally removed from a driver's record after three years. In general, the driver will be required to pay the surcharge annually for the three years that the offense remains on his or her record. However, drivers may also choose to pay the entire three-year amount in advance.

Although Texas has allowed people to indicate their intention to donate organs for many years, in the past those who filled out a donor card were simply given a sticker to place on their license to signal their desires. Because intended donors are now registered in an official database, their wishes are more likely to be carried out when they die. Consider registering as an organ donor. While it may be hard for you to think about dying, you may be able to help save lives by being prepared for the worst case scenario.

When you apply for your driver's license or ID card, you can indicate your desire to be listed in the registry. However, your decision to be or not to be an organ donor won't affect whether you're licensed. To register as an organ donor, you must be 18 years old. If you're under 18, you must obtain the permission of a parent or legal guardian.

Plan to spend more for any theme parks, shows, or other recreational areas you intend to visit, as well as for any purchases you plan to make while you're on your trip. Make sure you have extra funds with you to cover any unexpected expenses. Otherwise, your entire trip may be ruined if you have to deal with a minor problem, or simply because you forgot to factor something in!

When you go on a trip, you may need to bring a significant amount of luggage. Take care not to overload your car. The combined weight of your luggage and the people who will be riding in your car should not exceed the maximum load rating indicated on the driver's side door jamb. Make sure the weight is distributed as evenly as possible. If you overload your vehicle, you'll experience poor handling, be more at risk of a collision or rollover, and potentially cause damage to your suspension system.

While you're particularly at risk while you're still a novice driver, make sure you don't become overconfident in your own driving skills as you gain experience. If you go several years without causing a collision or committing a traffic violation, you may become less conscientious in your approach to driving and stop attending as vigilantly to situations on the road. Remember, a collision could happen at any time! As long as you remain a driver, it's your responsibility to pay attention to how you're driving and make sure you don't develop any unsafe driving habits.

When you make a mistake while driving, you can affect not only yourself, but also your friends, your family, and everyone else on the road. By accepting the social responsibilities associated with driving, you can improve your own quality of life, make other road users (especially vulnerable road users) feel safer, and avoid adding additional strain on law enforcement, medical services, and the economy at large.

You can find out more about vehicle registration requirements here. You should receive a registration renewal notice in the mail before your current registration expires. To renew your registration by mail, you must return this form, along with the registration fee and proof of insurance, to your county tax office. If you don't receive a renewal notice, you are still required to renew your registration. You must visit the county tax office in person with your license plate number, VIN number, or registration receipt from the previous year. If you move, you should notify the DMV of your new address immediately to make sure you receive your renewal notice.

When you receive your license plates, you will also receive a registration sticker for your car. This sticker, which indicates the month and year that your current registration expires, should be affixed to the lower left hand corner of your windshield. If you buy a used car that retains its original license plates, you must renew the car's registration by the date indicated on the current registration sticker. Depending on when the owner last renewed the registration, it could be anywhere between a couple of weeks and nearly a year before the current registration expires.

Towing and labor coverage will pay for towing a car following a wreck or breakdown, or for performing labor on your car (such as changing a tire) at the location where it became disabled. Rental reimbursement coverage will pay for a rental car when the policy holder's vehicle has been stolen or is being repaired.

When you rent a car, you will need to obtain additional insurance coverage for any damages you may cause to the rental. In general, you can purchase this coverage from the rental agency, although some rental companies will offer a collision damage waiver in place of insurance. If you don't own a car but borrow or rent cars often, you should obtain non-owner liability coverage. A non-owner policy will pay for any damages or injuries you cause while driving a borrowed or rented car, other than damages to the car you are driving.

When taking a trip, you may rent a different type of vehicle such as a moving truck or Recreational Vehicle (RV). Because such vehicles accelerate more slowly, have larger stopping and turning distances, have bigger blind spots, and are longer, higher, and wider than other vehicles, make yourself familiar with the new vehicle, its operations, and its internal instrumentation before setting out. If you rent a car from an agency, inspect it before you leave. Adjust your seat and mirrors before taking the car on the road.

Whether planning a trip out of state or trying to locate an address in a nearby city or your own home town, using a map can make driving less stressful. Maps are available from state and city offices, motor clubs, book stores, many service stations, and the Internet. Many collisions are caused by drivers who suddenly hit the brakes or change lanes as they realize that they are just about to miss their turn. You can avoid being one of these drivers by knowing how to use a map correctly.

When you drive, you'll usually be travelling on familiar routes and may not think to plan ahead. If you're going to be driving to a destination regularly, get in the routine of using the safest and easiest way of getting there. Don't take it for granted that the same trip will always take you the same amount of time. Whenever you're planning to drive, check weather and traffic reports while you still have time to leave early if there are going to be significant delays.

While a road trip can be fun, it can quickly turn into a miserable experience if you're not prepared for the unexpected. If you're planning to travel by car for an extended period of time, you should: Check the condition of your car Anticipate the costs of your trip Load your car properly Remember to pack emergency supplies and equipment Bring enough money for any contingencies

When you test drive the car, try to drive at 20 to 30 mph beside a pavement line or side wall so you can test the wheel alignment. Roll down the window so you can hear if the car is making any unusual noises. Whether you're buying a new or used car, you should take the time to perform the inspection to your satisfaction. Don't let the seller rush you or pressure you into a decision. If you make the wrong decision, you could be stuck with the consequences for a long time.

While a thorough inspection process is generally sufficient for detecting problems, sometimes a car's defects may not be apparent until after you've paid for it. In these situations, you may be protected by the manufacturer's warranty. If a dealer sells you a car but refuses to fix a problem while it is still under warranty, the Texas Lemon Law can help you. The Texas Lemon Law applies to new and used vehicles that are still covered by the original manufacturer's warranty, as well as used vehicles with a persistent problem that developed under warranty.

Remember, you will only be granted the privilege to drive as long as you abide by any restrictions placed on your license and avoid committing any traffic violations. During the GDL program, your ability to drive will be suspended or revoked if you violate a zero tolerance law, use a wireless communication device while driving, or are convicted of two or more moving violations within 12 months.

While getting your drivers license is a significant milestone, don't let yourself think that your most important obligations are behind you. Your true responsibilities as a driver are only just beginning. In the following sections, we'll make sure you understand the restrictions and responsibilities associated with the license you're about to receive. By reviewing this material carefully, you'll have a better idea of the privileges associated with a drivers license, the different licensing options available, and what you need to do to make sure you don't lose your driving privileges.

Should my age or medical condition prevent me from registering as an organ donor? No. If you'd like to have your organs donated when you die, make sure your intentions are indicated in the Donate Life registry. At the time of your death, medical professionals will determine whether your organs, tissues, and eyes are in a viable condition to be donated. Due to medical advances, more people than ever can be donors, and tissue can often be transplanted even when organs cannot. Tissue has even been recovered from people in their 80s.

Will the organ recovery process mutilate my body? Will I still be seen as a "whole person" at my funeral? Organ donation does not disfigure your body, change the way it looks in a casket, or force your funeral to be delayed. Organs, tissues, and eyes are removed surgically in a routine procedure, and your body will be carefully reconstructed to conceal the effects of the procedure.

Individuals who receive a surcharge for intoxication, driving with an invalid license, or an accumulation of at least six points can have the surcharge reduced to 90% of the original amount after one year and to 80% of the original amount after two years. They must have a history of compliance and must commit no additional offenses following the original conviction or convictions.

You must not drive if you have not met the financial responsibility requirements specified by the Safety Responsibility Act, either by obtaining a liability insurance policy, or by some other means. Remember, every driver is required to have the following minimum amounts of coverage: $30,000 for the injury or death of a single person $60,000 for a single collision that causes the injury or death of more than one person $25,000 for property damages These amounts frequently prove insufficient to cover the damages caused in a collision. You will be personally responsible for paying any claims over the amounts provided by your policy.

When you apply for your provisional license, you must submit: Your instruction permit The drivers license portion of driver education certificate (DE-964) verifying your completion of a licensed drivers education course A log documenting your 20-hours of supervised driving practice A VOE form verifying your enrollment in school, as well as a school transcript or report card The application fee Proof of liability insurance

Your license will remain provisional until you have completed Phase Two of the GDL program. When you turn 18, you will receive a license that is not marked as "provisional." Remember to record your license number once you've obtained your license. Always carry your license with you when driving. You are required to show your license whenever requested by a peace officer or agent of the court, and to anyone with whom you are involved in a crash.

The United States consumes over 790 million gallons of petroleum (the unrefined form of gasoline) every day, and passenger vehicles account for 40% of this total. The more gasoline is used, the more the air is polluted with exhaust, the faster the world's supply of oil is depleted, and the more expensive gasoline becomes. However, simply by planning better, driving more wisely, remembering to maintain our cars, and buying cars with better fuel efficiency, we can make a considerable difference. Already since 2005, we've reduced our daily oil consumption by 68 million gallons—though we still have far to go.

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