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Telophase
A nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes, and the chromosomes unwind. Mitosis is complete.
Interphase
Before mitosis begins, chromosomes are copied. Each chromo- some is then two chromatids.
Prophase
Mitosis begins. The nuclear membrane dissolves. Chromosomes condense into rod-like structures.
Anaphase
The chromatids separate and move to opposite sides of the cell
Metaphase
The chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell. Homologous chromosomes pair up.
Organ
a collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body
Organ System
a group of organs that work together to perform body functions
Tissue
a group of similar cells that perform a common function
Organism
a living thing; anything that can carry out life processes independently
Chromosome
in a eukaryotic cell, one of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein; in a prokaryotic cell, the main ring of DNA
Mitosis
in eukaryotic cells, a process of cell division that forms two new nuclei, each of which has the same number of chromosomes
Structure
the arrangement of parts in an organism
Fermentation
the breakdown of food without the use of oxygen
Osmosis
the diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane
Cytokinesis
the division of the cytoplasm of a cell
Cell Cycle
the life cycle of a cell
Passive Transport
the movement of substances across a cell mem- brane without the use of energy by the cell
Active Transport
the movement of substances across the cell membrane that requires the cell to use energy
Endocytosis
the process by which a cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses the particle in a vesicle to bring the particle into the cell
Cellular Respiration
the process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy from food
Photosynthesis
the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make food
Exocytosis
the process in which a cell releases a particle by enclosing the particle in a vesicle that then moves to the cell surface and fuses with the cell membrane
Function
the special, normal, or proper activity of an organ or part
Diffusion
- the movement of particles from regions of higher density to regions of lower density