E-Commerce Exam Notes
White Hats
"Good" hackers who help organizations locate and fix security flaws
wireless access point
"hot spot" connects to the Internet directly via a broadband connection and then transmits a radio signal to a transmitter/receiver installed in a laptop computer or PDA, either as a PC card or built-in at manufacture
Digital Signature (e-signature)
"signed" cipher text that can be sent over the Internet
B2B population
$6.7 trillion
B2C population
$600 billion
C2C population
$82 billion
Benefits of Auctions
- Liquidity: sellers can find willing buyers, & buyers can find sellers -Price Discovery: buyers & sellers can quickly & efficiently develop prices for items that are difficult to assess, where the price depends on demand and supply and where the product is rare -Price Transparency: public internet auctions allow everyone in the world to see the asking and bidding prices for items -Market efficiency: auctions can & often do lead to reduced prices & hence reduced profits for merchants, leading to increase in consumer welfare-one measure of market efficiency -Lower Transaction Costs: online auctions can lower the cost of selling & purchasing products, benefiting both merchants & consumers. Like other internet markets such as retail markets, internet auctions have a very low (not zero) transaction costs -Consumer Aggregation: sellers benefit from large auction sites ability to aggregate a large number of consumers who are motivated to purchase something in one marketspace -Network Effects: larger an auction sites becomes in terms of visitors & products for sale, the more valuable it becomes as a marketplace for everyone by providing liquidity and several other benefits listed previously, such as lower transaction costs, higher efficiency & better price transparency pg 393
when auction markets fail
-Bid Rigging: agreeing offline to limit bids or using shills to submit false bids -Price Matching: agreeing informally or formally to set floor prices on auction items below. sellers wont sell to open markets -Shill Feedback, Defensive: using secondary IDs or other members to inflate seller ratings - Shill Feedback, Offensive: using secondary IDs or other members to to deflate ratings -Feedback Extortion: threatening negative feedback in return for benefit. -Transaction Interference: emailing buyers to warn them away from seller -Bid Manipulation: retracting bid -Non-Payment After Winning: bidding high then not paying -Shall Bidding: using secondary ID or other members to raise price of an item -Transaction non-performance: accepting payment and failing to deliver -Non-Selling Seller: refusing payment or failing to deliver after successful auction -Bid Siphoning: emailing another sellers bidders and offering same product for less pg 399
What are the two marketing implications of a multi-screen environment?
-Consistent branding -Cross-platform design Responsive design
Steps in Pinterest Marketing Campaign
-Create Pinterest brand page and multiple lifestyle-themed boards Improve quality of photos Use URL links and keywords -Utilize Pinterest product pins, Pin It buttons -Integrate with Facebook and Twitter -Measuring Pinterest Marketing Results Same dimensions as Facebook, Twitter
Web site systems development best practices
1. Continuous availability 99%+ 2. Design for scalability 3. Build in mgt for end-to-end delivery 4. Plan for growth 5. Design pages for high-speed performance 6. Understand and optimize workload on system
how do you determine the target audience?
1. Demographics Age, gender, income, location 2. Behavior patterns (lifestyle) 3. Consumption patterns (purchasing habits) 4. Digital usage patterns 5. Content creation patterns (blogs, FB) 6. Buyer personas
What are the 9 basic business objectives?
1. Display goods 2. Provide product info (content) 3. Personalize/customize product 4. Engage customers in conversations 5. Execute a transaxn 6. Accumulate customer info 7. Provide after-sale customer support 8. Coordinate marketing/advertising 9. Understand marketing effectiveness 10. Provide prodxn + supplier links
Internet and Web features on which the foundations of e-commerce are built include:
1. E-mail 2. Instant messaging 3. Search engines 4. Online forums and chat 5. Streaming media 6. Cookies
5 Steps in social marketing
1. Fan Acquisition 2. Engagement 3. Amplification 4. Community 5. Brand Strength (sales)
areas where you need to make decisions in building a site
1. HR & org capabilities - creating a team that has the skill set to build and manage a successful site 2. hardware 3. software 4. telecomm 5. site design
Most unique features that must be taken into account when designing a mobile web presence
1. Hardware *smaller, more resource constraints in data storage +processing power 2. Connectivity *constrained by slower connection speeds 3. Displays *smaller + req simplicification (some are not good in sunlight either) 4. Interface *touch screen technology introduces new interaxn routines diff from tradl mouse and keyboard (not good data entry tool but can be a good navigational tool)
How can you imagine your e-commerce presence?
1. Know yourself - SWOT Analysis 2. Develop an EC presence map 3. Develop a timeline: milestones
IPA features
1. Natural language; conversational interface 2. Situational awareness 3. Interpret voice commands to interact with various Web services
4 TCP/IP Layers
1. Network Interface Layer 2. Internet Layer 3. Transport Layer 4. Application Layer
Basic Fxnality Provided by Web Servers
1. Processesing of HTTP requests 2. Security services (secure sockets layer) 3. File transfer protocol 4. Search engine 5. Data capture 6. E-mail 7. Site mgt tools
institutionalization phase
1975-95 large institutions provide funding and legitimization
commercialization phase
1995-now Private corps take over, expand Internet backbone and local service
Elevator pitch
2-3 minute pitch about what they want to make and why
Total Online marketing for 2013-2015
2013: $41.2 billion 2014: $61.4 billion 2015: $80.9 billion
Mobile online marketing 2013-2015
2013: $7.3 billion 2014: $18 billion 2015: $28.7 billion
U.S. online population
267 million
Microsoft's Internet Info Server (IIS)
2nd major web server software (25% of mkt) Windows based
Internet (IP) Addresses: IPv4
32 bit number expressed as series of 4 separate numbers marked off by periods ex: 201.61.186.227 class C address: network identified by first three sets,
IPv4 Internet adress
32-bit number with four sets of numbers marked off by periods: 201.61.186.227. each of the four numbers can range rom 0-255
What percent of all online marketing is mobile (your 2015 book statistic)?
35%
___% users say they would not revisit a web site that they found annoying to use
75
How much app time is spent on user's top 4 apps?
75%
What percent of US smartphone users use phones to search for local products/services?
80%
CRM System
A CRM is a repository of customer information that records all of the contacts that a customer has with a firm and generates a customer profile available to everyone in the firm with a need to know the customer.
Adware
A PUP that serves pop-up ads to your computer
Intranet
A TCP/IP network located within a single organization for purposes of communications and information processing
Online Forum
A Web application that allows Internet users to communicate with each other, although not in real time
Merchant Account
A bank account that allows companies to process credit card payments and receive funds from those transactions
Secure Negotiated Session
A client-server session in which the URL of the requested document, along with the contents, contents of forms, and the cookies exchanged, are encrypted
Virus
A computer program that has the ability to replicate or make copies of itself, and spread to other files
Digital Certificate
A digital document issued by a certification authority that contains a variety of identifying information
Attachment
A file inserted within an e-mail message
Fiber-optic Service (FIOS)
A form of DSL that provides speeds of up to 500 Mbps
IP Telephony
A general term for the technologies that use VoIP and the Internet's packet-switched network to transmit voice and other forms of audio communication over the Internet
Worm
A malware that is designed to spread from computer to computer.
Marketspace
A marketplace extended beyond traditional boundaries and removed from a temporal and geographic location. From a consumer point of view, ubiquity reduces transaction costs or the costs of participating in a market. No longer necessary that you spend time and money traveling to a market.
Extensible Markup Language (XML)
A markup language specification developed by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) that is designed to describe data and information
Packet Switching
A method of slicing digital messages into packets, sending the packets along different communication paths as they become available, and then reassembling the packets once they arrive at their destination
Client/Server Computing
A model of computing in which client computers are connected in a network together with one or more servers
Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)
A more current e-mail protocol that allows users to search, organize, and filter their mail prior to downloading it from the server
Telnet
A network protocol and terminal emulation program that runs in TCP/IP. Allows remote login on another computer
Differentiated Quality of Service (diffserv)
A new technology that assigns levels of priority to packets based on the type of data being transmitted
Client
A powerful desktop computer that is part of a network
Browser Parasite
A program that can monitor and change the settings of a user's browser
Spyware
A program used to obtain information such as a user's keystrokes, e-mail, instant messages, and so on
Active X
A programming language created by Microsoft to compete with JAVA
Post Office Protocol 3 (POP3)
A protocol used by the client to retrieve mail from an Internet server
Web2.0
A set of apps and technologies that enable use-generated content, such as online social networks, blogs, video and photo sharing sites, and wikis, widespread adoption of consumer mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers the expansion of e-commerce to include local goods and services.
Business model
A set of planned activities (sometimes referred to as business processes) designed to result in a profit in a marketplace. Not always the same as a business strategy, although in some cases they are very close insofar as the business model explicitly takes into account the competitive environment. It is at the center of the business plan.A business document that specifically details how you plan on selling your product and find new customers is called a: market strategy.
Near Field Communication (NFC)
A set of short-range wireless technologies used to share information among devices
Common Gateway Interface (CGI)
A set of standards for communication between a browser and a program running on a server that allows for interaction between the user and the server
Security Policy
A set of statements prioritizing the information risks, identifying acceptable risk targets, and identifying the mechanisms for achieving these targets
Hadoop
A software framework for working with various big data sets. Open source software, managed by Apache software foundation. Enables distributed parallel processing of huge amounts of data across inexpensive computers.
Intranet
A tcp/ip network located within a single organization for purposes of communications and information processing.
Digital Envelope
A technique that uses symmetric encryption for large documents, but public key cryptography to encrypt and send the symmetric key
Cookie
A tool used by Web sites to store information about a user. When a visitor enters a Web site, the site sends a small text file (the cookie) to the user's computer so that information from the site can be loaded more quickly on future visits. The cookie can contain any information desired by the site designers
Cookie
A tool used by Web sites to store information about a user. When a visitor enters a web site, the site sends a small text file, the cookie to the user's computer so that information from the site can be loaded more quickly on future visits. The cookie can contain any information desired by the site designers.
Certification Authority (CA)
A trusted third party that issues digital certificates
Sniffer
A type of eavesdropping program that monitors information traveling over a network
Session Key
A unique symmetric encryption key chosen for a single secure session
Ping
A utility program that allows you to check the connection between your client and the server
Hypertext
A way of formatting pages with embedded links that connect documents to one another, and that also link pages to other objects such as sound, video, or animation files
Pretty Good Privacy (PGP)
A widely used e-mail public key encryption software program
IM different proprietary systems include:
AOL, MSN, Yahoo, and Google
Guaranteed service levels and lower error rates
Ability to purchase the right to move data through network at guaranteed speed in return for higher fee
Uniform resource locator (URL)
Address used by Web browser to identify location of content on the Web -For example: http://www.azimuth-interactive.com/flash_test
Internet2
Advanced networking consortium of more than 350 member institutions working in partnership to facilitate the development, deployment, and use of revolutionary Internet technologies
Internet2
Advanced networking consortium of more than 350 member institutions working in partnership to facilitate the development, deployment, and use of revolutionary internet technologies.
revenue models
Advertising, subscriptions, transaction fees, sales, and affiliate revenue.
On-demand services
Airbnb, Uber, Postmates
Virtual Private Network (VPN)
Allows remote users to securely access internal networks via the Internet, using the Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)
wiki
Allows user to easily add and edit content on Web page
Spam (junk) Web Sites
Also referred to as link farms; promise to offer products or services, but in fact are just collections of advertisements
Hash Function
An algorithm that produces a fixed-length number called a hash or message digest
Digital Cash
An alternative payment system in which unique, authenticated tokens represent cash value
Risk Assessment
An assessment of the risks and points of vulnerability
Podcast
An audio presentation--such as a radio show, audio from a movie, or simply a personal audio presentation--stored as an audio file and posted to the Web
Hacker
An individual who intends to gain unauthorized access to a computer system
Cold Fusion
An integrated server-side environment for developing interactive web applications.
Internet
An interconnected network of thousands of networks and millions of computers linking businesses, educational institutions, government agencies, and individuals
T1
An international telephone standard for digital communication that offers guaranteed delivery at 1.54 Mbps
T3
An international telephone standard for digital communication that offers guaranteed delivery at 45 Mbps
Web client
Any computing device attached to the Internet that is capable of making HTTP requests and displaying HTML pages, most commonly a Windows PC or Machintosh
Web Client
Any computing device attached to the Internet that is capable of making HTTP requests and displaying HTML pages, most commonly a Windows PC or Macintosh
Phishing
Any deceptive, online attempt by a third party to obtain confidential information for financial gain
Phishing attack
Any deceptive, online attempt by a third party to obtain confidential information for financial gain. Typically, do not involve malicious code but instead rely on straightforward misrepresentation and fraud. So called social engineering techniques email scam.
Trojan Horse
Appears o be benign, but then does something other than expected. Often a way for viruses or other malicious code to be introduced into a computer system
An Internetenabled media player would run in which layer of Internet architecture
Application layer
4 layers of tcp/ip
Application, host to host transport layer, internet layer, network interface layer
Scale Economies
Are efficiencies that result from increasing the size of a business, for instance when large, fixed-cost production systems (such as factories or software systems) can be operated at full capacity with no idle time. Scale economies are efficiencies that result from flattening the hierarchy of an organization-FALSE
system architecture
Arrangement of software, machinery, and tasks in an information system needed to achieve a specific functionality
Man-in-the-middle Attack (MitM)
Attack in which the attacker is able to intercept communications between two parties who believe they are directly communication with one another, when in fact the attacker is controlling the communications
podcasting
Audio presentation stored as an audio file and available for download from Web
Pharming
Automatically redirecting a Web link to an address different from the intended one, with the site masquerading as the intended destination
The 6 types of ecommerce
B2B, B2C, C2C, Mobile, Social, Local
"First mile"
Backbone Internet services that carry bulk traffic over long distances
potential benefits and challenges of B2B e-commerce
Benefits: --Lower administrative costs --Lower search costs for buyers --Reduce inventory cost by increasing competition among suppliers (increasing price transparency) and reducing inventory to the bare minimum --Lower transaction costs by eliminating paperwork and automating parts of the procurement process --Increase production flexibility by ensuring delivery of parts "just in time" --Improve quality of products by increasing cooperation among buyers and sellers and reducing quality issues --Decrease product cycle time by sharing designs and production schedules with suppliers --Increase opportunities for collaborating with suppliers and distributors --Create greater price transparency - the ability to see the actual buy and sell prices in a mkt --Increase the visibility and real-time info sharing among all participants in the supply chain network Challenges: pg 419
Symmetric Key Encryption
Both the sender and the receiver use the same key to encrypt and decrypt the message.
Build own vs outsourcing
Build your own requires team with diverse skill set; choice of software tools; both risks and possible benefits
E
Business-The digital enabling of transactions and processes within a firm, involving information systems under the control of the firm.
Which of the following is not true about mobile marketing
By 2015, it is estimated that spending on social marketing will exceed the amount spent on mobile marketing
Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)
CAs and digital certificate procedures hat are accepted by all parties
Common dynamic page gen tools:
CGI = Common Gateway Interface ASP = Active Server Pages JSP = Java Server Pages
COPPA
Children's Online Privacy Protection Act to minimize the collection of personal information from children and create a safer, more secure online experience for them, even as online technologies, and the children's uses of such technologies, evolve. The Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA) prohibits Web sites from collecting information on children under the age of 13.
Botnet
Collection of captured bot computers
Botnet
Collection of captured bot computers used for malicious activates such as sending spam, participating in a DDoS attack, stealing information from computers, and storing network traffic for later analysis.
Exploit Kit
Collection of exploits bundled together and rented or sold as a commercial product
benchmarking
Comparing site to competitors in terms of response speed, quality of layout, and design
Routing Algorithm
Computer program that ensures that packets take the best available path toward their destination
Fiber-optic Cable
Consists of up to hundreds of strands of glass or plastic that use light to transmit data
3. Consumer to Consumer
Consumers selling to other consumers Example: Auction sites such as eBay, and listing sites such as Craigslist, enable consumers to auction or sell goods directly to other consumers. Airbnb and Uber provide similar platforms for services such as room rental and transportation.
Dynamic page generation
Contents of Web page stored as objects in db, rather than being hard-coded in HTML. When the user requests a Web page, the contents for that page are then fetched from the db
Wired Internet
Copper and expensive fiber-optic cables
Hacktivism
Cybervandalism and data theft for political purposes
Which of the following left the WikiLeaks Web site effectively inoperable in August 2012
DDoS attacks
logical design
Data flow diagrams processing fxns databases
PDI-DSS (Payment Card Industry-Data Security Standards)
Data security standards instituted by the five major credit card companies
Content Management System (CMS)
Database software program specifically designed to manage structured and unstructured data and objects in a web site environment. A cms provides web managers and designers with a centralized control structure to manage we site content.
Privacy
Deals with the use of information shared during an online transaction consumers want to limit the extent to which their personal information can be divulged to other organizations, while, merchants want to protect such information from falling into the wrong hand.
Value Proposition
Defines how a company's product or service fulfills the needs of customers. To develop and or analyze a firm's value proposition, you need to understand why customers will choose to do business with the firm instead of another company and what the firm provides that other firms do not and cannot. Value proposition and revenue are typically the most easily identifiable aspects of a company's business model.
Latency
Delays in messages caused by the uneven flow of information packets through the network
Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)
Delivers high-speed access through ordinary telephone lines found in homes or businesses
Revenue Model
Describes how the firm will earn revenue, generate profits and produce a superior return on invested capital. We use the terms revenue model and financial model interchangeably. Generate profits and to produce returns on invested capital that exceed alternative investments. Profits alone are not sufficient to make a company "successful". in order to be successful a firm must produce returns greater than alternative investments.
system design specification
Description of main components of a system and their relationship to one another
Authorization Policies
Determine differing levels of access to information assets for differing levels of users
Access Controls
Determine who can gain legitimate access to a network
Availability
Determines whether a Web site is accessible and operational at any given moment. Availability refers to the ability to ensure that an e-commerce site continues to function as intended.
Confidentiality
Determines whether information shared online, such as through email communication or an order process, can be viewed by anyone other than the intended recipient.
Data Encryption Standard (DES)
Developed by the National Security Agency (NSA) and IBM. Uses a 56-bit encryption key
Broadband services
Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) Cable Internet T1 and T3 Satellite Internet
Instant Messaging (IM)
Displays words typed on a computer almost instantaneously. Recipients can then respond immediately to the sender the same way, making the communication more like a live conversation than is possible through e-mail
US-CERT
Division of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security that coordinates cyber incident warnings and responses across government and private sectors
Fxns of app servers
Do I Need to know this???
Features on which the foundations of e-commerce are built
E-mail, Instant messaging, Search engines, Online forums, Streaming media, Cookies
Security Organization
Educates and trains users, keeps management aware of security threats and breakdowns, and maintains the tools chosen to implement security
Social Marketing
Email (Major retailers), affiliates (amazon), social networks (Facebook), mircrobloggers (twitter), blogs/forums (Tumblr), visual marketing (Pinterest), video marketing (YouTube), game marketing (chipotle scarecrow game)
Streaming Media
Enables music, video, and other large files to be sent to users in chunks so that when received and played, the file comes through uninterrupted
Nonrepudiation
Ensure that ecommerce participants do not deny (repudiate) their online actions.
Integrity
Ensures that information displayed on a Web site or sent or received via the Internet has not been altered in any way by an unauthorized party.
What was the biggest use for mobile devices in 2012?
Entertainment
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
Establishes connections among sending and receiving Web computers and handles assembly of packets at point of transmission, and reassembly at receiving end
Authorization Management System
Establishes where and when a user is permitted to access certain parts of a Web site
Intrusion Detection System (IDS)
Examines network traffic, watching to see if it matches certain patterns or preconfigured rules indicative of an attack
Network effects
Exchange Staying Power Complementary Benefits When the value of a product or service increases as its number of users expands. influences the choice of one product or service over another. More users = more value a common user base, utilized to communicate and share with one another. When network effects are strong, the best (e.g. the highest quality or most superior product) does not necessarily win. Which of the following statements illustrates the network effects that portals are subject to-The value of the portal to advertisers and consumers increases geometrically as reach increases.
Social Engineering
Exploitation of human fallibility and gullibility to distribute malware
XML
Extensive markup language a markup language specification developed by the World wide web consortium that is designed to describe data and information.
social media: platform
FB Twitter Blogs
All of the following are methods of securing channels of communication except
FTP
The top 7 sites account for __% of all social network visits
Facebook, Google, Twitter, Linkedin, Pinterest, Instagram, Tumblr. 90%
examples of social e-commerce
Facebook, Pinterest, Instagram
Auction fraud accounts for the highest percentage of total Internet fraud reported to the Internet Crime Complaint Center
False
Phishing attacks rely on browser parasites.
False
The number of people exposed to pins is a measure of which of the following
Fan acquisition
Backdoor
Feature of viruses, worms, and Trojans that allows attacker to remotely access a compromised computer
host own vs outsourcing: co-location
Firm purchases or leases Web server (with total control over its operation), but server is located at vendor's facility
Internet Service Provider (ISP)
Firm that provides the lowest level of service in the multi-tiered Internet architecture by leasing Internet access to home owners, small businesses, and some large institutions
Heartbleed Bug
Flaw in OpenSSL encryption system that allowed hackers to decrypt an SSL session and discover user names, passwords, and other user data
Denial of Service Attack (DoS)
Flooding a Web site with useless traffic to inundate and overwhelm the network
Electronic Billing Presentment and Payment System (EBPP)
Form of online payment system for monthly bills
extranet
Formed when firms permit outsiders to access their internal TCP/IP networks
"Last mile"
From Internet backbone to user's computer, smartphone, and so on
portal business models
GENERAL PURPOSE PORTALS: -yahoo -MSN -AOL -Ask.com VERTICAL MARKET PORTALS: Affinity Group Focused Content -FB -ESP.com -iVillage -Bloomberg.com -Sify.com -NFL.com -Law.com -WebMD.com - Ceoexpress.com -Gamers.com -Away.com -Econline.com -Sailnet.com pg 403
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
GML that is relatively easy to use in Web page design. HTML provides Web page designers with a fixed set of markup "tags" that are used to format a Web page
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
GML that is relatively easy to use in Web page design. HTML provides Web page designers with a fixed set of markup "tags"that are used to format a Web page
hypertext markup language (HTML)
GML that is relatively easy to use in web page design, HTML provides web page designers with a fixed set of of markup "tags" that are used to format a web page
portal revenue sources
General advertising- charging for impressions delivered Tenancy deals-fixed charge for guaranteed number of impressions, exclusive partnerships, "sole providers" Commissions on sales- revenue based on sales at the site by independent providers Subscription fees- charging premium content Applications and games- games and apps are sold to users; advertising is placed within apps *FB are direct competitors of yahoo and google pg 404
Campus Area Network (CAN)
Generally, a local area network operating within a single organization that leases access to the Web directly from regional and national carriers
app marketplaces
Google Play, Apple's App Store, RIM's App World, Windows Phone Marketplace
Who are the top two mobile marketing firms from the 2016 book and what are their relative sizes?
Google and facebook 10+ and 6+ billion
Black Hats
Hackers who act with the intention of causing harm
Grey Hats
Hackers who believe they are pursuing some greater good by breaking in and revealing system flaws
Intrusion Prevention System (IPS)
Has all the functionality of an IDS, with the additional ability to take steps to prevent and block suspicious activities
Internet Backbone
High bandwidth fiber optic cable that transports data across the internet. In milliseconds.
Backbone
High-bandwidth fiber-optic cable that transports data across the Internet
Satellite Internet
High-speed broadband Internet access provided via satellite
WiMax
High-speed, medium range broadband wireless metropolitan area network
outsourcing
Hiring vendors to provide services involved in building site
Host own vs outsourcing: hosting
Hosting company responsible for ensuring site is accessible 24/7, for monthly fee
Internet Exchange Point (IXP)
Hub where the backbone intersects with local and regional networks and where backbone owners connect with one another
Domain Name
IP address expressed in natural language
Domain name
IP address expressed in natural language
domain name
IP address expressed in natural language
Network architecture limitations
Identical requests are processed individually
Search Engine
Identifies Web pages that appear to match keywords, also called queries, entered by the user and then provides a list of the best matches
search engines
Identify Web pages that appear to match keywords (queries) entered by a user, and provide list of best matches based on one or more techniques Outside of e-mail, most commonly used Internet activity
Authentication Procedures
Include the use of digital signatures, certificates of authority, and public key infrastructure
Malicious Code (Malware)
Includes a variety of threats such as viruses, worms, Trojan horses, and bots
information requirements
Info elements that system must produce to achieve bus objectives
Cybervandalism
Intentionally disrupting, defacing, or even destroying a site
Internet
Interconnected network of thousands of networks and millions of computers linking businesses, educational institutions, government agencies, and individuals
IPv6 Internet Address
Internet address expressed and a 128-bit number
IPv4 Internet Address
Internet address expressed as a 32-bit number that appears as a series of four separate numbers marked off by periods, such as 64.49.254.91
Venture Capital Investors
Invest funds they manage for other investors such as investment banks, pension funds, insurance companies, or other businesses and usually want to obtain a larger stake in the business and exercise more control over the operation of the business. Also typically want a well-defined exit strategy such as a plan for an initial public offering or acquisition of the company by a more establish business within a relatively short period of time.
Spoofing
Involves attempting to hide a true identity by using someone else's e-mail or IP address
Spoofing
Involves attempting to hide in a true identity by using someone else's email or IP address. IE. a spoofed email will have a forged sender email address designed to mislead the receiver about who sent the email.
Security Audit
Involves the routine review of access logs (identifying how outsiders are using the site as well as how insiders are accessing the site's assets)
Identity Fraud
Involves the unauthorized use of another person's personal data for illegal financial benefit
What is expected to happen to location-based mobile marketing over the next 5 years?
It's expected to triple in the next 5 years
Quality of service limitations
Latency; in case of e-mail its not notice
Applications Layer
Layer of Internet architecture that contains client applications
Transport Services and Representation Standards Layer
Layer of Internet architecture that houses the TCP/IP protocol
Network Technology Substrate Layer
Layer of Internet technology that is composed of telecommunications networks and protocols
Gramm
Leach-Billey Act-ensure that financial institutions, including mortgage brokers and lenders, protect nonpublic personal information of consumers.A Federal law to protect the personal information of consumers. In an effort to balance the needs that consumers have for privacy protection and the interests of the marketplace in sharing information, the GLB Act does not absolutely prohibit the sharing of personal financial information but provides limitations and restrictions on the types of information that can be exchanged and the parties that can receive it.
Java Server Pages (JSP)
Like CGI and ASP, a web page coding standard that allows developers to dynamically generate web pages in response to user requests
system fxnalities
List of IS capabilities needed to achieve business objectives
Main problem of social markeing as compared to TV ads?
Loss of control, TV ads maintain near complete control.
Drive-by-download
Malware that comes with a downloaded file that a user requests
Worm
Malware that is designed to spread from computer to computer
Ransomware (scareware)
Malware that prevents you from accessing your computer or files and demands that you pay a fine
Web server
May refer to either Web server software or physical server -Specialized servers: Database servers, ad servers, mail server, video server
Bandwidth
Measures how much data can be transferred over a communications medium within a fixed period of time; is usually expressed in bits per second (bps), kilobits per second (Kbps), megabits per second (Mbps), or gigabits per second (Gbps)
Internet Explorer
Microsoft's Web browser
Internet Explorer
Microsoft's web browser
Client/Server Computing
Model of computing in which client computers are connected in a network together with one or more servers which are computers that are dedicated to performing functions that the client computers on the network need, such as file storage, software applications, printing and internet access.
Cloud Computing
Model of computing in which computer processing, storage, software, and other services are provided as a shared pool of virtualized resources over the Internet
CERT Coordination Center
Monitors and tracks online criminal activity reported to it by private corporations and government agencies that seek out its help
Mobile stats
More than 258 million americans use mobile devices. 190 million use smartphones 159 million use tablets
Most used application of the Internet Uses a series of protocols to enable messages containing text, images, sound, video clips, etc., to be transferred from one Internet user to another Also allows attachments Can be an effective marketing tool
Redundancy
Multiple duplicate devices and paths in a network
example of subscription revenue model
Netflix
The Four Layers of the Hourglass Model of the Internet
Network Technology Substrate Transport Services and Representation Standards Middleware Services Applications
4 Layers of the Internet
Network technology substrate layer, transport services and representation standards layer, applications layer,
Server
Networked computer dedicated to common functions that the client computers on the network need
Which ethical principle asks you to assume that virtually all tangible and intangible objects are owned by someone else unless there is a specific declaration otherwise
No free lunch
Data Breach
Occurs when an organization loses control over its information to outsiders
Hybrid Cloud
Offers customers both a public and a private cloud
Instant messaging
One of fastest growing forms of online human cx Displays words typed on a comp almost instantly, and recipients can then respond immediately in the same way
Tracert
One of several route-tracing utilities that allow you to follow the path of a message you send from your client to a remote computer on the Internet
World Wide Web (Web)
One of the Internet's most popular services providing access to billions, possibly trillions, of Web pages
Web
One of the Internet's most popular services, providing access to billions, and perhaps trillions, of Web pages
the web
One of the most popular services that runs on the Internet infrastructure. The original killer app that made the internet commercially interesting and extraordinarily popular. Developed in the early 90s and hence much more recent vintage than the internet. Provides access to billions of web pages.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
One of the original Internet services. Part of the TCP/IP protocol that permits users to transfer files from the server to their client computer, and vice versa
Maladvertising
Online advertising that contains malicious code
music and video services
Online video viewing Digital video on demand
Tier 1 Internet Service Providers (ISPs)
Own and control the major long-haul fiber-optic cable networks comprising the Internet's backbone
Online Stored Value Payment System
Permits consumers to make instant, online payments to merchants and other individuals based on value stored in an online account
Blog
Personal Web page that is created by an individual or corporation to communicate with readers
blogs
Personal Web page that typically contains a series of chronological entries by its author, and links to related Web pages
Bluetooth
Personal connectivity between devices and to Internet
PII
Personally Identifiable Information-any data that can be used to identify, locate, or contact an individual
What is the most frequent cause of stolen credit cards and card information today?
Phishing attack
Security Token
Physical device or software that generates an identifier that can be used in addition to or in place of a password
Cable Internet
Piggybacks digital access to the Internet on top of the analog video cable providing television signals to a home
business models
Portal, e-tailer, content provider, transaction broker, market creator, service provider, community provider
RSS really simple syndication
Program that allows users to have digital content automatically sent to them; typically used for news
Really Simple Syndication (RSS)
Program that allows users to have digital content including text, articles, blogs, and podcast audio files, automatically sent to their computers over the Internet
Potentially Unwanted Program (PUP)
Program that installs itself on a computer, typically without the user's informed consent
Spyware
Program used to obtain information such as a user's keystrokes, email, instant messaging, and son on. Can even take screen shots and capture passwords or other confidential information
Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP)
Protocol that allows for transmission of voice and other forms of audio communication over the Internet
TCP
Protocol that establishes the connections among sending and receiving Web computers and handles the assembly of packets at the point of transmission, and their reassembly at the receiving end
IP
Protocol that provides the Internet's addressing scheme and is responsible for the actual delivery of the packets
Secure Sockets Layer/Transport Layer Security (SSL/TLS)
Protocols the secure communications between the client and the server
Application Layer
Provides a wide variety of applications with the ability to access the services of the lower layers (HTTP, Telnet, FTP, SMTP)
Private Cloud
Provides similar options as public cloud but only to a single tenant
internet protocol (IP)
Provides the Internet's addressing scheme
Internet Protocol (IP)
Provides the Internet's addressing scheme & its responsible for the actual delivery of the packets
Mobile platform
Provides the ability to access the internet from a variety of highly mobile devices such as smart phones, tablets and other ultra-lightweight laptop computers.
Mashups
Pull fxnality/data from one program and include it in another
Broadband
Refers to any communication technology that permits clients to play streaming audio and video files at acceptable speeds
Firewall
Refers to either hardware or software that filters communication packets and prevents some packets from entering the network based on a security policy
Firewall
Refers to either hardware or software that filters communication packets and prevents some packets from entering the network based on a security policy.
System Architecture
Refers to the arrangement of software, machinery and tasks in an information system needed to achieve a specific functionality much like a homes architecture refers to the arrangement of building materials to achieve a particular functionality.
Desktop marketing
Remains the largest part of all online marketing.
What is the FTC recommendation regarding choice as it relates to personally identifiable information (PII)
Require firms to have consumers affirmatively opt-in before PII is collected.
Internet Layer
Responsible for addressing, packaging, and routing messages on the Internet (IP)
Network Interface Layer
Responsible for placing packets on and receiving them from the network medium (Ethernet, Token Ring, Frame Relay, ATM)
Transport Layer
Responsible for providing communication with the application by acknowledging and sequencing the packets to and from the application (TCP)
Web sERVERS Basic capabilities
Security services, FTP, search engine, data capture
Market Biases
Sellerbiased, Buyerbiased, Neutral
Packet switching
Sending the packets along different communication paths as they become available, and then reassembling the packets once they arrive at their destination. Packet switching requires a dedicated circuit.
Database Server
Server designed to access specific information within a database
Ad Server
Server designed to deliver targeted banner ads
Mail Server
Server that provides e-mail messages
Video Server
Server that serves video clips
online social networks
Services that support communication among networks of friends, peers
Protocol
Set of rules and standards for data transfer
JSP (Java Server Pages)
Similar to CGI and ASP; allows developers to use HTML, JSP scripts, and Java to dynamically generate web pages
Packet Switching
Slices digital messages into packets, sending the packets along different communication paths as they become available, and then reassembling the packets once they arrive at their destination
Bandwidth limitations
Slow peak-hour service & limited ability to handle high volumes of video and voice traffic
Widget
Small, prebuilt chunk of code that executes automatically in your HTML web page; capable of performing a wide variety of tasks
online software and web services: Web apps, widgets and gadgets
Smaller chunks of code called "widgets" and "gadgets".
Web Browser
Software program whose primary purpose is to display Web pages
Proxy Server (proxy)
Software server that handles all communications originating from or being sent to the Internet, acting as a spokesperson or bodyguard for the organization
Proxy Server
Software server that handles all communications originating from or being sent to the internet, acting as a spokes person or bodyguard for the organization.
Web Server Software
Software that enables a computer to deliver Web pages written in HTML to client computers on a network that request this service by sending an HTTP request
intelligence personal assistants
Software that interacts with the user through voice commands ex: Siri, Google Now
Open Source Software
Software that is developed by a community of programmers and designers and is free to use and modify. The advantage of using open source web building tools is that you get exactly what you want, a truly customizable unique web site. The disadvantage is that it will take several months for a single programmer to develop the site and get all of the tools to work together seamlessly.
Zero-Day Vulnerability
Software vulnerability that has been previously unreported and for which no patch yet exists
Router
Special purpose computers that interconnect the computer networks that make up the Internet and route packets along to their ultimate destination as they travel The Internet
Router
Special-purpose computer that interconnects the computer networks that make up the Internet and routes packets to their ultimate destination as they travel the Internet
SWOT
Strengths Weaknesses Opps Threats
Domain Name System (DNS)
System for expressing numeric IP addresses in natural language
intranet
TCP/IP network located w/i a single org for cxs and processing
all EC sites require basic web server software to answer HTTP requests from customers
TRUE
video ad
TV-like advertisement that appears as an in-page video commercial or before during, or after content
SQL Injection Attack
Takes advantage of poorly coded Web application software that fails to properly validate or filter data entered by a user on a Web page
Bluetooth
Technology standard for short-range wireless communication under 30 feet
Cipher Text
Text that has been encrypted and thus cannot be read by anyone other than the sender and the receiver
Middleware Services Layer
The "glue" that ties the applications to the communications networks and includes such services as security, authentication, addresses, and storage repositories
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
The Internet protocol used for transferring web pages
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
The Internet protocol used to send mail to a server
Privacy
The ability to control the use of information about oneself
Availability
The ability to ensure that an e-commerce site continues to function as intended
Nonrepudiation
The ability to ensure that e-commerce participants do not deny (i.e., repudiate) their online actions
Integrity
The ability to ensure that information being displayed on a Web site or transmitted or received over the Internet has not been altered in any way by an unauthorized party
Confidentiality
The ability to ensure that messages and data are available only to those who are authorized to view them
Authenticity
The ability to identify the identify of a person or entity with whom you are dealing on the Internet
Implementation Plan
The action steps you will take to achieve the security plan goals
Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
The address used by a Web browser to identify the location of content on the Web
Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
The addresses used by browsers to identify the location of content on the Web are called-URL Which is the address used by a web browser to identify the location of content on the web, also uses a domain name as part of the URL. Contains protocol to be used when accessing the address followed by the location.
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
The core communications protocol for the Internet .
TCP/IP
The core communications protocol of the internet
Packet
The discrete units into which digital message are sliced for transmission over the internet.
Packets
The discrete units into which digital messages are sliced for transmission over the Internet
Netscape Navigator
The first commercial Web browser
HTTP
The internet protocol used to transfer web pages. Developed by the world wide web consortium and the internet engineering task force.
Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)
The most widely used symmetric key algorithm offering 128-, 192-, and 256-bit keys
Electronic Mail (e-mail)
The most-used application of the Internet. Uses a series of protocols to enable messages containing text, images, sound, and video clips to be transferred from one Internet user to another
HTML 5
The new markup language that will enable more dynamic web content and allow for browser-accessible web apps that are as appealing as device-specific apps. Bringing the best of the app experience to the web and with apps developing new web-like capabilities.
Encryption
The process of transforming plain text or data into cipher text that cannot be read by anyone other than the sender and the receiver. The purpose of encryption is (a) to secure stored information and (b) to secure information transmission
private industrial networks (private trading exchange, PTX)
internet-based communication environments that extend far beyond procurement to encompass truly collaborative commerce. largest part of b2b e-commerce. pg 417 foundation of the 'extended enterprise' direct descendants of existing EDI networks & tied to ERP systems used by large firms web-enabled network for the coordination of trans-organizational business process aka collaborative commerce pg 438 efficient customer response system: demand-pull production model pg 439
activeX
invented by microsoft to compete with Java
VBScript
invented by microsoft to compete with Javascript
automated order entry systems
involve the use of telephone modems to send digital orders pg 416
Public Key Encryption
Two mathematically related digital keys are used: a public key and a private key. The private key is kept secret by the owner and the public key is widely disseminated. Both keys can be used to encrypt and decrypt a message. However, once the keys are used to encrypt a message, that same key cannot be used to unencrypt the message.
social networks
involves a group of people, shared social interaction, common ties among members, and people who share an area for some period of time pg 386
virtual reality
involves fully immersing users within a virtual world, typically through the use of a head mounted display connected to headphones and other devices
virtual reality
involves fully immersing users within a virtual world, typically through the use of a head-mounted display connected to headphones and other devices
contract purchasing
involves long-term written agreements to purchase specified products with agreed upon terms and quality
contract purchasing
involves long-term written agreements to purchase specified products, under agreed-upon termd and quality, for an extended period of time pg 421
augmented reality
involves overlaying virtual objects over the real world via smart phones, tablets, or HMDs (Pokemon GO)
spot purchasing
involves purchase of goods based on immediate needs in larger marketplaces that involve many suppliers
System testing
involves testing the site as a while, in a way the typical user will use the site
system testing
involves testing the site as a whole, in a way the typical user will use the site
Unit testing
involves testing the site's program modules one at a time
unit testing
involves testing the site's program modules one at a time
crowdfunding
involves the internet to enable individuals to collectively contribute money to support a project
spot purchasing
involves the purchase of goods based on immediate needs in larger marketplaces that involve many suppliers pg 421
Cyber Squatting
involves the registration of an infringing domain name or other internet use of an existing trademark, for the purpose of extorting payments from the legitimate owners
model-driven data mining
involves the use of a model that analyze the ket variables of interest to decision makers
search engine marketing (SEM)
involves the use of search engines to build and sustain brands
search engine advertising
involves the use of search engines to support direct sales online
behavioral targeting
involves using online and offline behavior of consumers to adjust the advertising messages delivered to them online
Geofencing
is a feature in a software program that uses the global positioning system (GPS) or radio frequency identification (RFID) to define geographical boundaries. A geofence is a virtual barrier.
application servers are...
kind of middleware software that provides the glue connecting trad'l corporate systems to the customer as well as all the fxnality needed to conduct EC
Digital divide
lack of diversity on the Internet. Inequality in access and usage. the gap between demographics and regions that have access to modern information and communications technology, and those that don't or have restricted access.
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
largely academic group that sets HTML and other programming standards for the Web
applications layer
layer if internet architecture that contains client applications
Applications layer
layer of Internet architecture that contains client applications
Transport Services and Representation Standards layer
layer of Internet architecture that houses the TCP/IP protocol
Network Technology Substrate layer
layer of Internet technology that is composed of telecommunications networks and protocols
Transport Services and Representation Standards
layer of internet architecture that houses the TCP/IP protocol
Network Technology Substrate Layer
layer of internet technology that is compared of telecommunications networks and protocols
Apache
leading web server software (54% of mkt) Works only with UNIX, LINUX OSs
Java Server Page (JSP)
like CGI and ASP, a Web page coding standard that allows developers to dynamically generate Web pages in response to user requests
Benefits of auction
liquidity (convert to cash), price discovery and market efficiency, price transparency (monitor auctions as they occur), lower transaction costs, consumer aggregation and network effects
business objectives
list of capabilities you want your site to have
Online catalog
list of products available on a Web site
2 components of sys design
logical and physical
CRM (consumer relationship management)
manage relationship with customers once a purchase is made
Public Key Cryptography
Two mathematically related digital keys are used: a public key and a private key. The private key is kept secret by the owner, and the public key is widely disseminated. Both keys can be used to encrypt and decrypt a message. However, once the keys are used to encrypt a message, that same key cannot by used to unencrypt the message
Bot
Type of malicious code that can be covertly installed on a computer when connected to the Internet. Once installed, the bot responds to external commands sent by the attacker
Virtual Currency
Typically circulates within an internal virtual world community or is issued by a specific corporate entity, and used to purchase virtual goods
examples of disruptors
Uber, Snapchat, Wayz
mobile apps
Use of mobile apps continues to explode in 2012 70% of mobile phone owners research products and services, 35% have made purchase Increased use/purchasing from tablets
Internet of Things (IoT)
Use of the Internet to connect a wide variety of devices, machines, and sensors
ASP (Active server pages)
Used to build dynamic pages with Microsoft's IIS
Java
Used to create interactivity and active content on client computer
Internet Defined by Federal Networking Council (FNC)
Uses IP addressing, Supports TCP/IP, Provides services to users in manner similar to telephone system
Distributed Denial of Service Attack (DDoS)
Using numerous computers to attack the target network from numerous launch points
Authenticity
Verifies an individual's or business's identity.
How do you characterize the marketplace?
Via: 1. demographics 2. size, growth, changes 3. structure: competitors, suppliers, substitutes 4. where the content is coming from (static vs dynamic)
multi-tier architecture
Web application servers Backend, legacy databases
Wiki
Web application that allows a user to easily add and edit content on a Web page
Mosaic
Web browser with a graphical user interface (GUI) that made it possible to view documents on the Web graphically
2-Tier architecture
Web server and database server
Fair Information Practices Principles
Which of the FTC's Fair Information Practices (FIP) principles requires identification of the collector of data? Notice/Awarenes(Notice/Awareness (core principle),Choice/Consent (core principle),Access/Participation,Security,Enforcement
marketspace
marketplace extended beyond traditional boundaries and removed from a temporal and geographic location
auctions
markets in which prices are variable and based on the competition among participants who are buying or selling products and services. dynamic pricing. pg 392
Internet Auctions
markets in which prices are variable, based on competition among participants
bandwidth
measure how much data can be transferred over a communications medium within a fixed period of time; is usually expressed in bits per second (bps), kilobits per second (Kbps), megabits per second (Mbps), or gigabits per second (Gbps)
bandwidth
measures how much data can be transferred over a communications medium within a fixed period of time
effective cost-per-thousand (eCPM)
measures return on investment from an ad by dividing the total earnings from the ad by the total number of impressions in thousands
view-through rate (VTR)
measures the 30-day response rate to an ad
engagement
measures the amount and intensity of user involvement
Affinity Community
members who self-identify with demographic or geographic category, such as women, race
industry convergence
merger of media enterprises into firms that create and cross-market content on different platforms
systems development life cycle
methodology for understanding bus objectives of a sys and designing an approp soln
m-commerce
mobile commerce
Mobile Marketing
mobile site (m.ford.com), apps (2015 ford mustang customizer, my ford)
cloud computing
model of computing firms and invids obtain computing power and software over internet, rather than purchasing and installing locally ex: Google apps FASTEST GROWING FORM OF COMPUTING!
client/server computing
model of computing powerful personal computers (clients) connected in one network with one or more servers Servers perform common functions for the clients Storing files, software applications, etc.
cloud computing
model of computing in which computer processing, storage, software, and other services are provided as a shared pool of virtualized resources over the internet
Cloud Computing
model of computing in which firms and individuals obtain computing power and software over Internet -Public, private, and hybrid clouds
3rd party software and services for advanced site mgt
monitor customer purchases, mkting campaign effectiveness ex: WebTrends Analytics 10, Google Analytics
Data capture
monitoring site traffic, capturing information on who has visited a site, how long the user stayed there, the date and time of each visit, and which specific pages on the server were accessed
english auction
most common form of auction; highest bidder wins. considered seller-biased pg 395
media utilization
most popular in order: -TV -Internet -Radio together media account for more than 77% pg 350
MOTO (mail order telephone order)
most similar to online retail, grew in 70s and 80s due to improvements of national toll free (800) system
Internet Governance Forum (IGF)
multi-stakeholder open forum for debate on issues related to Internet governance
Redundacy
multiple duplicate devices and paths in a network
redundancy
multiple duplicate devices and paths in a network
WPA2
Wireless security standard that uses the AES algorithm for encryption and CCMP, a more advanced authentication code protocol
Wi-Fi
Wireless standard for Ethernet networks with greater speed and range than Bluetooth
Cracker
Within the hacking community, a term typically used to denote a hacker with criminal intent
basic business considerations for web site design
need design guidelines and software tools that can cost-effectively achieve req'd bus fxnality *enabling customers to find what they need, make purchase + leave
value web
networked business ecosystem that coordinates the value chains of several firms
server
networked computer dedicated to common functions that the client computers on the network need
OTT (over the top)
new internet broadcasting system in total to challenge a monopolistic industry of cable TV
e-mail: activity
newsletters updates sales
hits
number of http requests received by a firm's server
page views
number of pages requested by visitors
impressions
number of times an ad is served
Internet of Things
objects connected via sensors
click fraud
occurs when a competitor clicks on search engine results and ads, forcing the advertisers to pay for the click even though the click is not legitimate
unfair competitive advantage
occurs when one firm develops an advantage based on a factor that other firms cannot purchase
bricks and clicks
oder online and then pick up in the store
freemium model
offer basic free then pay for premium to remove ads or access additional content
flash marketing
offering huge price cuts for a limited period of time
strategy of cost competition
offering products and services at a lower cost than competitors
Merchant server software package (e-commerce server suite)
offers an integrated environment that provides most or all the functionality and capabilities needed to develop a sophisticated, customer-centric site
Hybrid Cloud
offers customers both a public cloud and a private cloud
hybrid cloud
offers customers both a public cloud and a private cloud
bundling
offers customers two or more goods for a reduced price
service provider
offers services online
portal
offers users powerful search tools as well as an integrated package of content and services all in one place
fixed pricing
one national price, everywhere for everyone pg 392
world wide web (web)
one of internet's most popular services (much bigger than internet) provides access to billions (maybe trillions) of web pages
tracert
one of several route-tracing utilities that allow you to follow the path of a message you send from your client to a remote computer on the internet
web
one of the internet's most popular services, providing access to billions, and perhaps trillions of web pages
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
one of the original Internet services. Part of the TCP/IP protocol that permits users to transfer files from the server to their client computer, and vice versa
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
one of the original internet services; part of the TCP/IP protocol that permits users to transfer files from the server to their client computer and vice versa
Tracert
one of the several utilities that allow you to follow the path of a message you send from your client to a remote computer on the Internet
Risks
online auctions are single largest source of Internet fraud. Using auctions increase risk of experiencing a loss, Trust risks- Risk of fraud, loss
2. Business to Business
online businesses selling to other businesses. Example: Go2Paper is an independent third party marketplace that serves the paper industry
b2b electronic storefronts
online catalogs of products made available to the public marketplace by a single supplier pg 416
e-tailer
online retail store
e-tail
online version of traditional retailers
Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
open international community of network operators, vendors, and researchers concerned with the evolution of the Internet architecture of the Internet
WordPress
open source content management and blog website design tool
page content
optimize html & images site architecture efficient page style
Content management system (CMS)
organizes, stores, and processes Web site content.
Tier 1 Internet services providers
own and control the major long-haul fiber-optic cable networks comprising the internet's backbone
Network Service Provider (NSP)
owns and controls one of the major networks comprising the Internet's backbone
All of the following are used for authentication except
packet filters. all of these are used for authentication; biometric devices, digital signatures, certificates of authority.
abandonment rate
percent of shoppers who begin a shopping cart, but then fail to complete it
viewability rate
percentage of ads that are actually seen by people online
open rate
percentage of customers who open email
attrition rate
percentage of customers who purchase once, but do not return within a year
click-through rate (email)
percentage of email recipients who clicked through the offer
delivery rate
percentage of email recipients who received email
bounce-back rate
percentage of emails that could not be delivered
retention rate
percentage of existing customers who continue to buy
loyalty
percentage of purchasers who return in a year
reach
percentage of the total number of customers in a market who will visit a site
conversion rate
percentage of visitors who purchase something
acquisition rate
percentage of visitors who register or visit product pages
Servers
perform common functions for the client computers on the network need such as: Storing files, Software applications, Access to printers, and so on
blog
personal "web log" of chronological entries
blog
personal web page that is created by an individual or corporation to communicate with readers
marketplace
physical place that you visit to transact
Cable Internet
piggybacks digital access to the Internet on top of the analog video cable providing television signals to a home
cable internet
piggybacks digital access to the internet on the top of the analog video cable providing television signals to a home
organizational development
plan that describes how the company will organize the work that needs to be accomplished
design considerations
platform constraints: smartphone/tablet
pay-per-click (PPC) search ad
primary type of search engine advertising
offline media: platform
print TV & radio
trans-organizational business process
process that requires at least two independent firms to perform pg 438
transaction broker
processes transactions for consumers that are normally handled in person, by phone, or by mail
MRO goods (maintenance, repair, operations)
products for maintenance, repair and operations pg 421
really simple syndication (RSS)
program that allows users to have digital content, including text, articles, blogs, and podcast audio files, automatically sent to their computers over the Internet
really simple syndication (RSS)
program that allows users to have digital content, including text, articles, blogs, and podcast audio files, automatically sent to their computers over the internet
Copyright
protects original forms of expression such as writings, art, drawings, photographs, music, motion pictures, performances, and computer programs from being copied by others for a minimum of 70 years
Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP)
protocol that allows for transmission of voice and other forms of audio communication over the Internet
Voice over Internet Protocol
protocol that allows for transmission of voice and other forms of audio communication over the internet
TCP
protocol that establishes the connections among sending and receiving web computers and handles the assembling of packets at the point of transmission and their reassembly at the receiving end
IP
protocol that provides the internets addressing scheme and is responsible for the actual deliver of the packets
Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)/ Transport Layer Security (TLS)
protocols that secure communications between the client and the server
Intranet
a TCP/IP network located within a single organization for purposes of communications and information processing
intranet
a TCP/IP network located within a single organization for purposes of communications and information processing
digital disruption
a business model disruption that is driven by changes in information technology
e-commerce business model
a business model that aims to use and leverage...
long tail effect
a colloquial name given to various statistical distributions characterized by a small number of events of high amplitude and a very large number of events with low amplitude
electronic data interchange (EDI)
a communications standard for sharing business documents and settlement information among a small number of firms pg 416
sales revenue model
a company derives revenue by selling goods, information, or services
subscription revenue model
a company offers its users content or services and charges a subscription fee for access to some or all of its offerings
advertising revenue model
a company provides a forum for advertisements and receives fees from advertisers
transaction fee revenue model
a company receives a fee for enabling or executing a transaction
Transaction fee revenue model
a company receives a fee for enabling or executing a transaction. For example, eBay provides an auction marketplace and provides a small transition fee from a seller if the seller is successful.
affiliate revenue model
a company steers business to an affiliate and receives a referral fee or percentage of the revenue from any resulting sales
Subscription revenue model
a company that offers content or services charges a subscription fee for access to some or all of its offerings. For instance, the digital version of consumer reports provides online and mobile access to premium content, such as detailed ratings, reviews and recommendations, only to subscribers, who have a choice of paying a 6.95 monthly subscription fee or a 30 annual fee.
Advertising revenue model
a company that offers content, services, and or products also provides a forum for advertisements and receives fees from advertisers.
e-distributer
a company that supplies products and services directly to individual businesses
real-time customer service chat systems
a company's customer service representatives interactively exchange text-based messages with one or more customers on a real-time basis
first-mover advantage
a competitive market advantage for a firm that results from being the first into a market place with a serviceable product or service
data warehouse
a database that collects a firm's transactional and customer data in single location for offline analysis
customer profile
a description of the typical behavior of a customer or a group of customers at a website
business plan
a document that describes a firm's business model
Business plan
a document that describes a firm's business model. A business plan always takes into account the competitive environment.
Liability
a feature of political systems in which a body of law is in place that permits individuals to recover the damages done to them by other actors, systems, or organizations
Attachment
a file inserted within an e-mail message
attachment
a file inserted within an email message
first mover
a firm that is first to a market in a particular area and that moves quickly to gather market share
FiOS (fiber-optic service)
a form of DSL that provides speeds of up to 500 Mbps
FiOs (fiber optic service)
a form of DSL that provides speeds up to 500 Mbps
IP telephony
a general term for the technologies that use VoIP and internet's packet-switched network to transmit voice and other forms of audio communication over the internet
IP telephony
a general term for the technologies that use VoIP and the Internet;s packet-switched network to transmit voice and other forms of audio communication over the Internet
Trademark
a mark used to identify and distinguish goods and indicate their source
perfect market
a market in which there are no competitive advantages or asymmetries because all firms have equal access to all the factors of production
eXtensible Markup Language (XML)
a markup language specification developed by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) that is designed to describe data and information
extensible markup language (XML)
a markup language specification developed by the world wide web consortium (W3C) that is designed to describe data and information
tight coupling
a method for ensuring that suppliers precisely deliver the ordered parts at a specific time and particular location to ensure the production process is mot interrupted for lack of parts pg 423
just-in-time production
a method of inventory cost management that seeks to eliminate excess inventory to a bare minimum pg 423
packet switching
a method of slicing digital messages into packets, sending the packets along different communication paths as they become available, and then reassembling the packets once they arrive at their destination
packet switching
a method of slicing digital messages into packets, sending the packets along different communication paths as they become available, and then reassembling the packets once they've arrived at their destination
System development (SDLC)
a methodology for under standing the business objectives of any system and designing an appropriate solution
systems development life cycle
a methodology for understanding the business objective of any system and designing an appropriate solution
client/server computing
a model of computing in which client computers are connected to a network together with one or more servers
Client/Server Computing
a model of computing with a powerful personal computers are connected in network together with one or more servers
Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)
a more current e-mail protocol that allows users to search, organize, and filter their mail prior to downloading it from the server
Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)
a more current email protocol that allows users to search, organize, and filter their main prior to downloading it from the server
differentiated quality of service
a new technology that assigns levels of priority to packets based on the type of data being transmitted
Differentiated Quality of Service (diffserv)
a new technology that assigns levels of priority to packets based on the type pf data being transmitted
sponsorship
a paid effort to tie an advertiser's name to information, an event, or a venue in a way that reinforces its brand in a positive yet not overtly commercial manner
online advertising
a paid message on a website, online services or other interactive medium
client
a powerful desktop computer that is part of a network
Clients
a powerful personal computer that is part of a network
ping
a program that allows you to check the connection between the client and the server
Ping
a program that allows you to check the connection between your client and the server
JaveScript
a programming language invented by Netscape that is used to control the objects on an HTML page and handle interactions with the browser
Java
a programming language that allows programmers to create interactivity and active content on the client computer, thereby saving considerable load on the server
Active Server Pages (ASP)
a proprietary software development tool that enables programmers using Microsoft IIS package to build dynamic pages
Active Server Pages (ASP)
a proprietary software development tool that enables programmers using Microsoft's IIS package to build dynamic pages
Post Office Protocol 3 ( POP3)
a protocol used by the client to retrieve mail from an Internet server
Post Office Protocol 3 (POP3)
a protocol used by the client to retrieve mail from an internet server
customer relationship management (CRM) system
a repository of customer information that records all of the contacts that a customer has with a firm and generates a customer profile available to everyone in the firm with a need to "know the customer"
Postal System
a series of post offices and a set of addresses
data mining
a set of analysis techniques that look for patterns in the data of database or data warehouse, or seek to model the behavior of customers
business model
a set of planned activities designed to result in a profit in a marketplace
business strategy
a set of plans for achieving superior long-term returns on the capital invested in a business firm
Protocol
a set of rules and standards for data transfer
Common gateway interface (CGI)
a set of standards for communication between a browser and a program running on a server that allows for interaction between the user and the server
english auction
a single item is for sale by a single seller, the highest bid wins
commoditization
a situation where there are no differences among products or services, and the only basis of choosing is price
Widget
a small, pre-built chunk of code that executes automatically in you HTML Web page; capable of performing a wide variety of tasks
consumer behavior
a social science discipline that attempts to model and understand the behavior of humans in a marketplace
database
a software application that stores records and attributes
DBMS (database management systems)
a software application used by organizations to create, maintain, and access databases
database management system (DBMS)
a software application used by organizations to create, maintain, and access databases
Hadoop
a software framework for working with various big data sets
Telnet
a terminal emulation program that runs in TCP/IP
telnet
a terminal emulation program that runs in TCP/IP
frequently used questions (FAQs)
a text-based listing of common questions and answers
A Web beacon is
a tiny graphics file embedded in an e-mail or Web page.
Cookies
a tool used by Web sites to store information about a user. When a visitor enters a Web site, the site sends a small text file (the cookie) to the user's computer so that information from the site can be loaded more quickly on future visits. The cookie can contain any information desired by the site designers
Hypertext
a way of formatting pages with embedded links that connect documents to one another, and that also link pages to other objects such as sound, video, or animation files
hypertext
a way of formatting pages with embedded links that connect documents to one another, and that also links pages to other objects such as sound, video, or animation file
interstitial ad
a way of placing a full-page message between the current and destination pages of a user
Online forums
a web application that allows Internet users to communicate with each other, although not in real time
online messaging board
a web application that allows internet users to communicate with each other, although not in real time
magazine aggregater
a website or app that provides subscriptions and sales of many digital magazines pg 364
customization
ability to change the product to better fit then eeds of the customer
personalization
ability to treat ppl based on their personal qualities and prior history with your site
competitive advantage
achieved by a firm when it can produce a superior product and/or bring the product to a market at a lower price than most
competitive advantage
achieved by a firm when it can produce a superior product and/or bring the product to market at a lower price than most, or all, or its competitors
transaction brokering
acting as an intermediary to facilitate a transaction
rich media ad
ad employing animation, sound, and interactivity, using Flash, HTML5, Java, and Javascript
uniform resource locator (URL)
address used by web browser to ID location of content on the web E.g. http://www.azimuth-interactive.com/flash_test
Personalization pricing
adjusts based on merchant's estimate of how much customer values product
Utilization
adjusts based on utilization of product,Adjusting the annual cost of automobile insurance based on mileage driven is an example of ________ pricing. utilization
Internet2
advanced networking consortium of more than 250 member institutions working in partnership to facilitate the development, and use of revolutionary Internet technologies
Internet 2
advanced networking consortium of more than 450 members institutions working in partnership to facilitate the development, deployment, and use of revolutionary internet technologies
cost per action (CPA)
advertiser pays only for those users who perform a specific action
cost per click (CPC)
advertiser pays renegotiated fee for each click an ad receives
cost per thousand (CPM)
advertisers pays for impressions in 1,000-unit lots
local marketing
advertising is based on the location of the consumer and the stores and products around that area
Revenue model Types
advertising revenue model, subscription revenue model, transaction revenue model, sales revenue model, affiliate revenue model
native advertising
advertising that looks similar to editorial content
indirect goods
all other goods not directly involved in the production process pg 419
b2b commerce
all types of inter-firm trade B2B makes up the larger volume of online commerce in terms of money transacted. It is linked to supply chain management, as it primarily addresses how businesses use electronic commerce to more effectively and efficiently manage its interaction with various parties in the supply chain such as suppliers, buyers, etc. pg 416
domain name server (DNS)
allows expressions such as Cnet.com to stand for a numeric IP address.
domain name system (DNS)
allows numeric IP addresses to be e pressed in natural language
Shopping cart
allows shoppers to set aside desired purchases in preparation for checkout, review what they have selected, edit their selections as necessary, and then actually make the purchase by clicking a button
FTP
allows users to transfer files to and from the server
online social network
an area online, where people who share common ties can interact with one another pg 386
podcast
an audio presentation stored online as a digital media file
podcast
an audio presentation- such as radio show, audio from a movie, or simply a personal audio presentation- stored as an audio file and posted to the Web
industry structural analysis
an effort to understand and describe the nature of substitute products, the barriers to entry, and the relative strength of consumers and suppliers
exchange
an independent digital marketplace where suppliers and commercial purchasers can conduct transactions
internet
an interconnected network of thousands and millions of computers linking businesses, educational institutions, government agencies, and individuals
T1
an international telephone standard for digital communication that offers guaranteed delivery at 1.45 Mbps
T1
an international telephone standard for digital communication that offers guaranteed delivery at 1.54 Mbps
T3
an international telephone standard for digital communication that offers guaranteed delivery at 45 Mbps
Web beacon
an object embedded in a web page or email, which unobtrusively (usually invisibly) allows checking that a user has accessed the content. Common uses are email tracking and page tagging for web analytics. Alternative names are web bug, tracking bug, tag, or page tag.
interest-based advertising (IBA)
another name for behavioral targeting
Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)/Transport Layer Security (TLS)
protocols that secure communications between the client and the server
Internet drone access
provide Internet access remote parts of the world
social networks
provide intimate connections among customers, suppliers, logistics partners that are needed to keep the supply chain functioning and to make decisions based on current conditions pg 430
incubator
provide services and some funding for a new e-commerce business (usually the first to help)
Application layer
provides a wide variety of applications with the ability to access the services of the lower layers
Application layer
provides a wide variety of applications with the ability to access the services of the lower layers. Some of the best known applications are HTTP, FTP and SMTP
EC merchant server software provides...
provides basic fxnality for online sales: -online catalog -shopping cart -credit card processing
e-distributer
provides electronic catalog that represents the products of thousands of direct manufactures pg 432
private cloud
provides similar options as a public cloud but only to a single tenant
Private Cloud
provides similar options as public cloud but only to a single tenant
mobile platform
provides the ability to access the internet from a variety of mobile devices
Telnet program
provides the client part of the protocol and enables the client to emulate a mainframe computer terminal
IP
provides the internet's addressing scheme and is responsible for delivery of packets
The Transport Layer of TCP/IP is responsible for which of the following?
providing communication with the application by acknowledging and sequencing the packets to and from the application
dutch internet auction
public ascending price, multiple unit auction. final price is lowest successful bid, which sets price for higher bidders. start listing by minimum price. bidders specify bid price & qty. price per item. pg 396
network keyboard advertising (context advertising)
publishers accept ads placed by google on their websites, and receive a fee for any click-throughs from those ads
widgets
pull content and functionality from one place on the Web to a place where you want it, such as on your Web page, blog, or Facebook page (e.g., free photo-editing application on Picnik.com
pricing
putting a value on goods and services
view-to-cart ratio
ratio of "Add to cart" clicks to product views
cart conversion rate
ratio of actual orders to "add to cart" click
checkout conversion rate
ratio of actual orders to checkouts started
browse-to-buy ratio
ratio of items purchased to product views
advertising revenue model
receives fees from advertisers
transaction log
records user activity at a website
disintermediation
reduction in the use of intermediaries between producers and consumers
web client
any computing device attached to the internet that is capable of making HTTP requests and displaying HTML pages, most commonly a Windows PC or Mac
Subscription revenue model
anything that you have to pay to be a part of and to access its content
Mobile Web app
application built to run on the mobile Web browser built into a smartphone or tablet computer
Native app
application designed specifically to operate using the mobile devices hardware and operating system
DNS Server
are database that keep track of IP addresses and domain names on the internet.
Principle of responsibility
as free moral agents, individuals, organizations, and societies are responsible for the actions they take
No free lunch
assume that virtually all tangible and intangible objects are owned by someone else unless there is a specific declaration otherwise. if something someone else has created is useful, you should assume the creator wants compensation
magazines and tablets
at first "glossies" not impacted magazine sales dropped due to screens improvement in resolution since video on web became more common -digital magazines sales be extraordinary. largest drivers: Pinterest, FB, Yahoo & Twitter pg 363
Broadband
refers ti any communication technology that permits clients to play streaming audio and video speeds-generally anything above 100 Kbps
supply chain management (SCM)
refers to a wide variety of activities that firms and industries use to coordinate the key players in their procurement process Trends: phones, email, fax, face to face conversations, instinct, rely on trusted long term suppliers Developments: just in time production, lean, supply chain simplification, adaptive supply chains, sustainable supply chains, electronic data interchange, supply chain mgmt systems, collaborative commerce pg 422
scalability
refers to ability of site to increase in size as demand warrants
Hardware platform
refers to all the underlying computing equipment that the system uses to achieve its e-commerce functionality
differentiation
refers to all the ways producers can make their products or services unique and different to distinguish them from those of competitors
Hardware platform (for EC site)
refers to all underlying computer equipment that system uses to achieve EC fxnality
broadband
refers to any communication technology that permits clients to play streaming audio and video files at acceptable speeds
digital rights management (DRM)
refers to the combination of technical and legal means for protecting digital content from unlimited reproduction without permission (hardware and software). "walled garden"- restrict widespread sharing of content
market opportunity
refers to the company's intended market space and the overall potential financial opportunities available to the firm in that market space
industry structure
refers to the nature of players in an industry and their relative bargaining power
Social density
refers to the number of interactions among members of a group and reflects the "connected-ness" of a group, even if these connections are forced on users
competitive environment
refers to the other companies operating in the same marketspace selling similar products
4. Mobile Comerce
refers to the use of mobile devices to enable online transactions. Involves the use of cellular and wireless networks to connect laptops, smartphones such as iPhone or Android and tablets to the internet. Example: Mobile devices can be used to conduct commercial transactions
deterministic cross-device tracking
relies on personally identifiable information such s email address used to log into an app and website on different devices
relational databases
represent data as two-dimensionsl tables with records organized in rows and attributes in columns; data within different tables can be flexibility related as long as the tables share a common data element
complementary resources
resources and assets not directly involved in the production of the product, but required for success, such as marketing, management, financial assets, and reputation
Internet layer
responsible for addressing, packaging and routing messages on the internet.
Internet layer
responsible for addressing, packaging, and routing messages on the internet
Internet layer
responsible for addressing, packing, and routing messages on the Internet
Netwrok Interface Layer
responsible for placing packets on and receiving them from the network medium
Network interface layer
responsible for placing packets on and receiving them from the network medium which could be a LAN (Ethernet) or a Token Ring network, or other network technology. TCP/IP is independent from any local network technology and can adapt to changes at the local level.
Network interface layer
responsible for placing packets on and receiving them from the network: (LAN) Ethernet, token ring network/other
Transport layer
responsible for providing communication with other protocols within TCP/IP suite
Transport layer
responsible for providing communication with the application by acknowledging and sequencing the packets to and from the application
Host to host transport layer
responsible for providing communication with the application by acknowledging and sequencing the packets to and from the application.
Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG)
responsible for technical management of IETF activities and the Internet standards process
omni-channel
retails through a variety of channels and integrating physical stores with websites
professional service auctions
seal-bid, dynamic-priced market for freelance professional services from legal and marketing services to graphics design and programming pg 396
web sites: activity
search display affiliates sponsorships
Search engine
search engine models within the basic Web server software package enable indexing of the site's Web pages and content and permit easy keyword searching of the site's context
one-to-one marketing (personalization)
segmenting the market based on a precise and timely understanding of an individual's needs targeting specific marketing messages to these individuals and then positioning the product vis-a-vis competitors to be truly unique
sales revenue model
sell products/services and generate revenue
price discrimination
selling products to different people and groups based on their willingness to pay
B2B service provider
sells business services to other firms
hummingbird
semantic search component of google's search algorithm
affiliate revenue model
send customers to an affiliate and get a referral fee
automated response system
sends e-mail order confirmations and acknowledgments of emailed inquiries
Database servers
server designed to access specific information within a database
database server
server designed to access specific information within a database
Ad servers
server designed to deliver targeted banner ads
ad server
server designed to deliver targeted banner ads
page generation
server response time device based accelerators efficient resource allocation resource utilization thresholds monitoring site performance
Mail server
server that provides e-mail messages
mail server
server that provides email messages
Video server
server that serves video clips
video server
server that serves video clips
social networks
services that support communication within a network of friends, colleagues, and entire professions
Web 2.0
set of applications and technologies that enables user-generated content
accessibility rules
set of design objectives that ensure disabled users can affectively access site
lean production
set of production methods and tools that focuses on the elimination of waste throughout the customer value chain pg 423
general-purpose portals (type 1)
attempt to attract a very large general audience and then retain the audience on-site by providing in-depth vertical content. EX: info on news, finance, autos, movies, weather typically offer web search engines, free email, personal home pages, chat rooms, community-building software, bulletin boards consumers can be exposed to highly targeted advertising pg 401
vertical market portals (type 2)
attempt to attract highly focused, loyal audiences with deep interest in either community or specialized content. began adding many general-purpose portals features vertical content pitched to a targeted audience produces the highest revenues per customer AKA destination sites or vortals pg 401
Fan acquisition
attracting people to your marketing messages
ad exchanges
auction based digital marketplace where ad networks sell ad space to marketers
business-to-consumer (B2C) auctions
auction house sells goods it owns or controls using various dynamic pricing models pg 393
name your own price auction
auction where users specify what they are willing to pay for goods or services. pioneered by priceline. 2nd most popular on web. providers bid for their business. prices are fixed pg 396
Which of the following is not one of the three defining characteristics of a portal
auctions
consumer-to-consumer (C2C) auctions
auctions house acts as an intermediary market maker, providing a forum where consumers can discover prices and trade pg 393
Security services
authentication services that verify that the person trying to access the site is authorized to do so (SSL & TLS)
programmatic advertising
automated, auction based method for matching demand and supply for online display ads
ubiquity
available everywhere at all times
acquisition rate
average length of time visitors remain at a site
stickiness
average length of time visitors remain at a site
stickiness (duration)
average length of time visitors remain at a site
recency
average number of days elapsed between visits
Locationbased mobile marketing -targets marketing messages to users based on their location (The newest and fastest growing segment of the digital marketing universe) Google provides the leading location
based marketing platform.
Combines an intuitive tag based scripting language and a tag
based server scripting language that lowers the cost of creating interactive features.
reduce auction markets fail risk
because of auto-auction -Rating System: previous customers rate sellers based on their experience -Watch lists: these allow buyers to monitor specific auctions. pay close attention to last minute bidding -Proxy Bidding: buyers can enter a max price they're willing to pay and the auction software will automatically place incremental bids as their original bid is surpassed pg 399
Penny auction
bid purchases are made ahead of time and you put them towards a selling item; once you spend your bid, you have spent the money
Which of the following is a common problem in sealed bid markets
bid rigging
content convergence
bringing together design, production, and distribution
net marketplace
brings hundreds to thousands of suppliers and buyers into a single internet-based environment to conduct trade pg 417 "frictionless" commerce: hope that suppliers would compete with each other on price which would be automated and low then price of industrial supplies would fall. by riding fees from buyers/sellers, third-party intermediary market makers could earn significant revenues pg 431
InterestBased Social Network
build around common interest, such as games, sports, music, politics (e-democracy.org)
market creator
builds a digital environment where buyers and sellers can meet, display products, search from products, and establish price for a product
1. Business to Consumer
business selling to other consumers Example: Amazon general merchandiser that sells consumer products to retail consumers
B2B e-commerce
business to business
B2C e-commerce
business to consumer
Business objectives
capabilities you want your site to have
shopping cart database
captures all the item selection, purchase, and payment data
Panda
change in the google algorithm to eliminate low-quality sites from search results
penguin
change in the google algorithm to eliminate sites with low-quality back links
customization
changing the product, not just the marketing message, according to user preferences
Comprehensive multi
channel marketing)-take advantage of the strengths of various media, and reinforce branding message across media
gadgets
closely related to widgets, which are small chunks of code that usually supply a single limited function such as a clock, calendar, or diary.
privacy policy
set of public statements declaring how site will treat customers' personal info that is gathered by the site
protocol
set of rules and standards for data transfer
Dark Social
sharing outside of major social networks, using e-mail, IM, texts, etc.
cord shavers
shave down their cable services to more basic channels
elevator pitch
short two-to-three minute presentation aimed at convincing investors to invest
retargeting
showing the same ad to individuals across multiple websites
How much does EC cost?
simple web site: up to $5K small web start-up: $25-50K large corporate site: $100K - millions
virtual merchants
single-channel e-commerce firms that generate almost all of their revenue from online sales
manufacturing direct
single-or multi-channel manufacturers who sell directly online to consumers without intervention of retailers
widgets
small pre-built chunk of code that executes automatically in an HTML web page
cookies
small text file placed on the user's client computer that can contain any kind of info about the customer (customer ID, purchases at the site) *PRIMARY METHOD FOR ACHIEVING PERSONALIZATION + CUSTOMIZATION)
cookie
small text file that websites place on the hard disk of visitors' client computers that allows the website to store data about the visitor on the computer and later retrieve it
Web Browsers
software program whose primary purpose is to display Web pages
web browser
software program whose primary purpose is to display webpages
Web application server
software programs that provide specific business functionality required of a Web site.
Web server software
software that enables a computer to deliver Web page written in HTML to client computers on a network that request this service by sending an HTTP request -Apache, Microsoft IIS: leading brands of Web server software
web server software
software that enables a computer to deliver web pages written in HTML to client computers on a network that requests and displaying HTML pages, most commonly w windows PC or mac
web server software
software that enables a computer to deliver webpages written in HTML to client computers on a network that requests and displays HTML pages, most commonly Windows PC or Mac
Open source software
software that is developed by a community of programmers ad designers, and is free to use and modify
open source
software that is developed by a community of programmers and designers, and is free to use and modify
closed source
software that must be paid for and cannot be modified
E-commerce merchant server software
software that provides the basic functionality needed for online sales, including an online catalog, order taking via an online shopping cart, and online credit card processing
marketing automation systems
software tools that marketers use to track all the steps in the lead generation part of the marketing process
marekting analytics software
collects, stores, analyzes, and graphically presents data on each of the stages in the conversion of shoppers to customers process on e-commerce sites
Which of the following dimensions of e
commerce security is not provided for by encryption-availability
6. Local e
commerce- Focused on engaging the consumer based on his or her current geographic location. Groupon offers subscribers daily deals from local businesses in the form of Groupons, discount coupons that take effect once enough subscribers have agreed to purchase
Which of the following is not a key point of vulnerability when dealing with e
commerce- the credit card companies
5. Social e
commerce-enabled by social networks and online social relationships Facebook is both the leading social network and social e-commerce site. Social e-commerce is the largest type of e-commerce. False
affiliate marketing
commissions paid by advertisers to affiliate websites for referring potential customers to their website
Electronic Data Interchange
communications protocol for exchanging documents among computers
Sales revenue model
companies derive revenue by selling goods, content, or services to customers. Companies such as amazon which sells books, music and other products.
freemium strategy
companies give away a certain level of product or services for free, but then charge a subscription fee for premium levels of the product or service
content farms
companies that generate large volumes of textual content for multiple websites designed to attract viewers and search engines
bricks and clicks
companies that have a network of physical stores as their primary retail channel, but also have introduced online offerings
benchmark
comparing against standards
scope strategy
competing in all markets around the globe, rather than just local, regional, or national markets
focus/market niche strategy
competing within a narrow market of product segment
the network technology Substrate layer
composed of telecom networks and protocols
Routing Algorithms
computer program that ensures that packets take the best available path toward their destination
routing algorithm
computer program that ensures that packets take the best available path toward their destination
long tail marketing
concentrates on the less popular products
internet scale
concept that is at the root of most venture investing: because software has zero marginal cost - one copy costs just as much as 100, or one million - there are massive profits to be gained from reaching huge numbers of customers on a uniform product or service.
advertising networks
connect online marketers with publishers by displaying ads to consumers based on detailed consumer information
Telephone-based wireless Internet access
connects the user to a global telephone system (land, satellite, and microwave) that has a long history of dealing with thousands of users simultaneously and already has in place a large-scale transaction billing system and related infrastucture
fiber optic cable
consists of up to hundreds of strands of glass or plastic that use light to transmit data
fiber optics
consists of up to hundreds of strands of glass or plastic that use light to transmit data
Internet Society (ISOC)
consortium of corporations, government agencies, and nonprofit organizations that monitors Internet policies and practices
C2C e-commerce
consumer to consumer
value proposition
defines how a company's product or service fulfills the needs of customers
value proposition
defines how a product fills a need (what is it worth?)
Costs of auction
delayed consumption, monitoring, equipment, trust, fulfillment
Latency
delays in messages caused by the uneven flow of information packets through the network
latency
delays in messages caused by the uneven flow of information packets through the network
digital subscriber line (DSL)
delivers high speed access through ordinary telephone lines found in homes or businesses
Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)
delivers high-speed access through ordinary telephone lines found in homes or businesses
Wireless local area network (WLAN)-based Internet access
derives from a completely different background from telephone-based wireless Internet access
SWOT analysis
describes a firm's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats
revenue model
describes how the firm will earn revenue, produce profits, and produce a superior return on investment capital
logical design
describes the flow of information at your e-commerce site, the processing functions that must be performed, the database that will be used, the security and emergency backup procedures that will be instituted, and the controls that will be used in the system
Logical design
describes the flow of information at your e-commerce site, the processing functions that must be performed, the databases that will be used, the security and emergency backup procedures that will be instituted, and the controls that will be used in the system
System design specification
description of the main components in a system and their relationship to one another
Costs of maintenance parallel to
development costs
private industrial network
digital network designed to coordinate the flow of communications among firms engaged in business together
e-commerce
digitally enabled commercial transactions between and among organizations and individuals
e-business
digitally enabling of transactions and processes within a firm, involving information systems under the firm's control
banner ad
displays a promotional message in a rectangular box at the top pf a computer screen
instant messaging
displays texts entered almost instantaneously
Instant messaging
displays words typed on a computer almost instantaneously. Recipients can then respond immediately to the sender the same way, making the communication more like a live conversation than is possible through email. -Advanced IM systems include voice/video chat
content provider
distributes information content, such as digital news, music, photos, video, and artwork
cord cutters
do not use cable tv at all
The golden rule
due unto others as you would have them do unto you. putting yourself into the place of others and thinking of your self as the object of the decision can help you think of fairness in decision making
two-tier architecture
e-commerce system architecture in which a Web server responds to requests for Web pages and database server provides backend data storage
multi-tier architecture
e-commerce system architecture in which the Web server is linked to a middle tier layer that typically includes a series of application servers that perform specific tasks as well as to a backend layer of existing corporate systems.
direct e-mail marketing
e-mail marketing messages sent directly yo interested users
example of transaction fee revenue model
eBay
offline media: activity
education exposure branding
scale economies
efficiencies that arise from increasing the size of a business
social search
effort to provide fewer, more relevant, and trustworthy results based on the social graph
bid syphoning
emailing another seller's bidders and offering them the same product
management team
employees of the company responsible for making the business model work
Horizontal scaling
employing multiple computers to share the workload
wiki
enables documents to be written collectively and collaboratively
Border Gateway Protocol
enables exchange of routing information among systems on the internet
Streaming media
enables music, video, and other large files to be sent to users in chunks so when received and played, the file come through uninterrupted
streaming media
enables video, music, and other large-bandwidth files to be sent to a user in a variety of ways that enable the user to play the files as they are being delivered
transaction fee revenue model
enabling transactions results in obtaining fees
Amplification
encouraging visitors to share their Likes and comments with their friends
amplification
encouraging visitors to share their likes and comments with their friends
disruptors
entrepreneurs and their business firms that lead to a business model disruption
TCP
established connections among sending and receiving computers and handles assembly and reassembly of packets
TCP
establishes connections among sending and receiving computers-- handles assembly of packets at the point of transmission
Open source web building tools
ex: Apache web server, MySQL, PHP, PERL
EC merchant services
ex: Yahoo's Small Business Merchant Solns
asymmetry
exists whenever one participant in a market has more resources than other participants
ad fraud
falsifying web or mobile traffic in order to change advertisers for impressions, clicks, or other actions that never actually occur
The ratio of impressions to fans is a measure of
fan acquisition
Which of the following is not a primary activity in a firm value chain,
finance/accounting
Internet Service Provider (ISP)
firm that provides the lowest level of service in the multi-tiered Internet architecture by leasing Internet access to home owners, small businesses, and some large institutions
Tier 3 Internet Service Provider
firm that provides the lowest level of services in the multi-tiered internet architecture while leasing internet access to home owners, small businesses, and some large institutions
customer intimacy
focuses on developing strong ties with customers in order to increase switching costs
Internet Research Task Force (IRTF)
focuses on the evolution of the Internet
paid inclusion
for a fee, guarantees a website's inclusion in its list of sites, more frequent visits by its web crawler, and suggestions for improving the results of organic searching
Commercialization phase
fro 1995-present, government agencies encouraged private corporations to take over and expand both the Internet backbone and local service to ordinary citizens
Innovation phase
from 1961-1974, the fundamental building blocks of the internet were conceptualized and then realized on actual hardware and software
Institutionalization phase
from 1975-1995, large institutions such as Department of Defense (DoD) and the National Science Foundation (NSF) provided funding and legitimization for the fledging invention called the Internet
knowledge graph
function in google's search engine that displays a selection of facts related to your search term that you maybe interested in knowing more about
registration forms
gather personal data on name, address, phone, zip code, e-mail address, and other optional self-confessed information on interests and tastes
revenue sources for portals
general advertising, tenancy deals, commissions, on sales subscription fees ,(premium content), applications and games
Portal characteristics
general purpose portals (yahoo, aol, ask), vertical market portals Home pages, most visited web pages. Were firstly search engines, now complex websites that provide news, entertainment, maps, images, social networks, in-depth info and education
Campus Area Network (CAN)
generally, a local area network operating within a single organization that leases access to the Web directly from regional and national carriers
campus/corporate area network (CAN)
generally, a local area network operating within a single organization that leases access to the web directly from regional and national carriers
middleware services layer
glue that ties the applications to the communications
direct goods
goods directly involved in the production process pg 419
Patent
grants the owner an exclusive monopoly on the ideas behind an invention for 20 years
link farms
groups of websites that link to one another, thereby boosting their ranking in search engines
Objective of choosing the hardware for an EC site:
have enough platform capacity to meet peak demand but not so much that you waste money
Intelligent personal assistant
having a conversation with a computer that can do things for you
Internet Architecture Board (IAB)
helps define the overall architecture of the Internet and oversees the IETF and IRTF
Satellite Internet
high speed broadband internet access provided via satellite
wi-fi
high speed, fixed broadband wireless with limited range of 300 ft
backbone
high-bandwidth fiber optic cable that transports data across the internet
backbone
high-bandwidth fiver-optic cable that transports data across the Internet
Satellite Internet
high-speed broadband Internet access provided via satellite
Outsourcing
hiring an outside vendor to provide the services you cannot perform with in-house personnel
transport services and representation standards layer
houses the tcp/ip protocol
revenue model
how a company will earn money
Internet Network Operators Groups (NOGs)
informal groups that are made up of ISPs, IXPs, and others that discuss and attempt to influence matters related to Internet operations and regulation
All of the following are key elements of a business model except
information technology strategy.
Disputes over federal trademarks involve establishing
infringement
3 phases of internet development
innovation phase institutionalization phase commercialization phase
merchant server software packages (EC suites) offer
integrated environment with most of functionality needed
ColdFUsion
integrated server-side environment for developing interactive web apps
Which dimension(s) of security is spoofing a threat to?
integrity and authenticity
ecommerce security (6 Dimensions)
integrity, nonrepudiation, authenticity, confidentiality, privacy, availability
internet
interconnected network of thousands of networks and millions of computers links bus, educational institutions, gov agencies and indivs
e-mail: platform
internal lists purchased lists
IPv6 address
internet address expressed as a 128-bit number
IPv4 Internet address
internet address expressed as a 32-bit number that appears as a series of four separate numbers marked off by periods
IoT
internet of things
worsening email problem
spam
router
special-purpose computer that interconnects the computer networks that make up the internet and routes packets to their ultimate destinations as they travel the internet
web app servers provide...
specific business fxnality req for a website
Which of the following can be used to record all keyboard activity of a user
spyware
CGI (Common Gateway Interface)
standards for cx b/w browser + program running on a server that allows for interaxn b/w user + server
universal standards
standards shared by all (in terms of internet)
Affiliate revenue model
steer business to an affiliate receive a referral fee or percentage of the revenue from any resulting sales. For example, my points make money by connecting companies with potential customers by offering special deals to its members.
demand aggregators
suppliers or market makers who group unrelated buyers into a single purchase in return for offering a lower purchase price. prices on multiple units fall as the number of buyers increases. two principles: 1.) sellers are more likely to offer discounts to buyers purchasing in volume 2.) buyers increase purchases as prices fall pg 396
Domain name system (DNS)
system for expressing numeric IP addresses in natural language
domain name system
system for expressing numeric IP addresses in natural language
Domain name system (DNS)
system that allows numeric IP addresses to be expressed in natural language
planning + building mobile presence uses...
systems analysis/design to identify unique and specific bus objectives
SDLC
systems developmental life cycle
Collective utilitarian
take the action that achieves the greater value for all of society. this rule assumes you can prioritize values in a rank order and understand the consequences of various courses of action
search engine optimization (SEO)
techniques to improve the ranking of web pages generated by search engine algorithms
sustaining technologies
technologies that enable the incremental improvement of products and services
disruptive technologies
technologies that under pin a business model disruption
disruptive technology
technologies that underpin a business model disruption
Bluetooth
technology standard for short-range wireless communication under 30 ft
bluetooth
technology standard for short-range wireless communication under 30ft
Offline Marketing
television (2015 Ford F-150 this changes everything) Apple (shot on iPhone campaign), magazines (apple watch/vogue magazine
b2b e-commerce (b2b digital commerce)
that portion of b2b commerce that is enabled by the internet. evolved over 35 yrs. mid 70s- automated order entry system Late 70s-electronic data interchange Mid 90s- B2B electronic storefronts pg 416
Middleware Services layer
the "glue" that ties the applications to the communication networks and includes such services as security, authentication, addresses and storage repositories
Middleware Services layer
the "glue" that ties the applications to the communications networks and includes such services as security, authentication, addresses, and storage repositories
Which ethical principle states that, when confronted with an ethical dilemma, individuals should take the action that achieves the greater value for all of society
the Collective Utilitarian principle
Scalability
the ability of a site to increase in size as demand warrants
Global reach
the ability to be available all around the world
URL
the address used by a web browser to identify the location of content on the web
URL (uniform resource locator)
the address used by a web browser to identify the location of content on the web
uniform resource locator
the address used by a web browser to identify the location of content on the web
marketspace
the area of actual or potential commercial value in which a company intends to operate
System architecture
the arrangement of software, machinery, and tasks in an information system need to achieve a specific functionality
dutch auction
the auctioneer begins with a high asking price and lowers it until some participant accepts the price, or it reaches a predetermined reserve price
best practices
the best solutions/methods/techniques that have been used in the past
multi-tier supply chain
the chain of primary secondary, and tertiary suppliers pg 421
Marginal Cost
the change in the total cost that arises when the quantity produced is incremented by one unit, that is, it is the cost of producing one more unit of a good. In general terms, marginal cost at each level of production includes any additional costs required to produce the next unit.
richness
the complexity and content of a message
Internetwork
the connecting together of two or more computer networks
Dynamic page generation
the contents of a Web page are stored as objects in a database, rather than being hard-coded in HTML. When the user requests a Web page, the contents for that page are then fetched from the database
transaction cost
the cost of participating in a market
the most important factor affecting the speed of your site is...
the demand that customers put on the site
profit
the difference between the price a firm is able to charge for its products and the cost of producing and distributing goods
Packets
the discrete units into which digital messages are sliced for transmission over the Internet
packets
the discrete units into which digital messages are sliced for transmission over the internet
disruptors
the entrepreneurs and their business firms that lead a business model disruption
Netscape Navigator
the first commercial Web browser
Netscope Navigator
the first commercial web browser
Which ethical principle emphasizes putting oneself into the place of others and thinking of oneself as the object of the decision
the golden rule
Information requirements
the information elements that the system must produce in order to achieve the business objectives
HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
the internet protocol used for transferring Web pages
HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
the internet protocol used for transferring web pages
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
the internet protocol used to send mail to a server
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
the internet used to send mail to a server
supply chain
the links that connect business firms with one another to coordinate production pg 416
the most used application of the internet; uses a series of protocols to enables messages containing text, images, sound, and video clips to be transferred from one internet user to another
Electronic Mail (E-mail)
the most-used application of the Internet. Uses a series of protocols to enable messages containing text, images, sound, and video clips to be transferred from one Internet user to another
unique visitors
the number of distinct, unique visitors to a site
click-through rate (CTR)
the percentage of people exposed to an online advertisement who actually click on the banner
winner's regret
the person who won the auction feels that they have spent too much on the item
market strategy
the plan you put together that details exactly how you intend to enter a new market and attract new markets
B2B e-commerce
the portion of B2B commerce enabled by the internet
Dynamic
the practice of pricing items at a level determined by a particular customer's perceived ability to pay.
dynamic pricing
the price of the product varies, depending directly on the demand characteristics of the customer and the supply situation of the seller. if in high demand then will cost more. can be conducted globally, continuously & a low cost pg 392
dynamic pricing
the price of the product varies, depending on the demand characteristics of the customer and the supply situation of the seller
viral marketing
the process of getting customers to pass along a company's marketing message to friends, family, and colleagues
demand curve
the quantity of goods that cane sold at various prices
ad targeting
the sending of market messages to specific subgroups in the population
firm value chain
the set of activities a firm engages in to create final products from raw inputs
value chain
the set of activities a firm engages in to create final products from raw inputs into final products and services
universal computing
the sharing of files, information graphics, sound, video, and other objects across all computer platforms in the world, regardless of operating system
Universal computing
the sharing of files, information, graphics, sound, video, and other objects across all computer platforms in the world, regardless of operating system
herd behavior
the tendency to bid higher for items based on the higher bids of others pg 398
herd behavior
the tendency to gravitate towards bids with multiple existing bids
barriers to entry
the total cost of entering a new marketplace
total inter-firm trade
the total flow of value among firms pg 416
customer experience
the totality of experiences that a customer has with a firm including the search, informing, purchase consumption, and after-sales support for its products, services, and various retail channels
narrowband
the traditional telephone modem connection, now operating at 56.6 Kbps
Narrowband (dial-up)
the traditional telephone modern connection, now operating at 56.6 Kbps
clickstream behavior
the transaction log that consumers establish as they move about the web
collaborative commerce
the use of digital technologies to permit organizations to collaboratively design, develop , build and manage products through their life cycles pg 429
procurement process
the way first purchase materials they need to make purchases
customer touch points
the ways in which customers interact with the firm
public cloud
third-party service providers that own
Public Cloud
third-party service providers that own and manage large, scalable data centers that offer computing, data storage, and high speed Internet to multiple customers who pay for only the resources they use
View
through rate-Measure the 30-day response rate to an ad
Click
through rate-the percentage of people exposed to an online advertisement who actually click on the banner
Social marketing
to encourage your potential customers to become fans of your company's products and services, and engage with your business by entering into a conversation with it
Responsive Web design
tools and design principles that automatically adjust the layout of a Web site depending on user screen resolution
information density
total amount and quality of information available to all market participants
web sites: platform
traditional mobile tablet
download
transfers a file from a web server and stores it on a computer for later use
Physical design
translates the logical design into physical components
physical design
translates the logical design into physical components
t/f: maintenance is ongoing
true
logical and physical design are all on paper!!!
true.
Interactivity
two way communication between customer and company
System functionalities
types of information systems capabilities you will need to achieve your business objectives
venture capital investors
typically invest funds that manage for other investors; usually later stage investors
Venture Capital investors
typically invest funds they manage for other investors; usually later stage investors
incubators
typically provide a small amount of funding and also an array of services to start up companies
angel investors
typically wealthy individuals or a group of individuals who invest their own money in exchange for an equity share in the stock of a business
seed capital
typically, an entrepreneur's personal funds derived from savings, credit card advances, home equity loans, or from family and friends
cross-platform attribution
understanding how to assign appropriate credit to different marketing initiatives that may have influenced a consumer on the way to a purchase
URL
uniform resource locator
3 Types of testing
unit testing system testing acceptance testing
spam
unsolicited commercial email
Mobile commerce
use of mobile devices to enable online transactions. expects growth by 30% next few years
The Internet of Things (IoT)
use of the Internet to connect a wide variety of devices, machines, and sensors
Internet of Things (IoT)
use of the internet to connect a wide variety of devices, machines, and sensors
over-the-top (OTT)
use of the internet to deliver entertainment services to the home on cable TV or FiOS networks. New internet broadcasting system pg 376
crowdfunding
use the web to collectively support a company or project a kickstarter
Pricing- Trigger
used in m-commerce, adjusts based on location of consumer
Javascript
used to control objects on a web page and handle interaxns with browser
real-time bidding (RTB) process
used to match advertiser demand for displays ads with publisher supply of web page space
Name your own price auction
users specify what they are willing to pay for goods or services and multiple providers bid for their business
profiling
uses a variety of tools to create a digital image for each customer
probabilistic cross-device tracking
uses algorithms to analyze thousands of anonymous data points to create a possible match
lead generation marketing
uses multiple e-commerce presences to generate leads for businesses who later can be contacted and converted into customers
shill bidding
using secondary IDs to inflate ratings
social e-commerce
using social media to buy and sell items
Acceptance testing
verifies that the business objectives of the system as originally conceived are in fact working
acceptance testing
verifies that the business objectives of the system as originally conceived are in fact working
Site management tools
verify that links on page are still valid and also identify orphan files
Mobile Web site
version of regular desktop Web site that is scaled down in content and navigation
angel investors
wealthy person or people who are really early and help to guide the company and invest usually $1 million or less
wiki
web application that allows a user to easily add and edit content on a Web page
wiki
web application that allows users to easily ass and edit content on a web page
Mosaic
web browser with a graphical user interface (GUI) that made it possible to view documents on the Web graphically
Mosaic
web browser with a graphical user interface (GUI) that made it possible to view documents on the web graphically
Online advertising (4 main methods)
web site, social marketing, mobile marketing, offline marketing
Type of presence:
website e-mail social media offline media
leverage
when a company uses its competitive advantage in surrounding markets
Co-location
when a firm purchases or leases a Web server (and has total control over its operation but locates the server in a vendor's physical facility, communications lines, and the machinery
cannibalization
when sales of new digital products replace sales of traditional products. "where one media form consumes another" music consumption measured in hours/day increased even though CDs declined; movie consumption increased and DVD sales decline pg 351
information asymmetry
when the market or a company has more information than the consumer
Wi-Fi
wireless standard for Ethernet networks with greater speed and range than Bluetooth -High-speed, fixed broadband wireless LAN (WLAN) -Wireless access point ("hot spots") -Limited range but inexpensive -For-profit Wi-Fi networks: Boingo, AT&T Wi-Fi Services
wi-fi
wireless standard for ethernet networks with greater speed and range than bluetooth
law of one price
with complete price transparency in a perfect information marketplace, there will be one world price for every product
example of an advertising revenue model
yahoo
examples of portals
yahoo, google, MSN, AOL
seller's lament
you will never know what the true value of the item that was auctioned is
online forum
§Also known as message board, bulletin board, discussion, board, discussion group, board or forum §Web application that enables Internet users to communicate with each other, although not in real time §Members visit online forum to check for new posts
streaming media
§Enables music, video and other large files to be sent to users in chunks so that when received and played, file comes through uninterrupted §Allows users to begin playing media files before file is fully downloaded
online chat
§Similar to IM, but for multiple users §Typically, users log into chat room
cookies
§Small text files deposited by Web site on user's computer to store information about user, accessed when user next visits Web site §Can help personalize Web site experience §Can pose privacy threat
Risks and Cost of Auctions for Business and Consumers
-Delayed Consumption Cost: internet auctions can go on for days and shipping will take additional time -Monitoring Cost: participation in auctions requires your time to monitor bidding -Equipment Costs: internet auctions require you to purchase a computer system, pay for internet access and learn a complex operarting system -Trust Risk: online auctions are the single largest source of internet fraud. using auctions increases the risk of experiencing a loss -Fulfillment Cost: typically the buyer pays fulfillment costs of packing, shipping and insurance whereas at a physical store these costs are included in the retail price. pg 394
Steps in a typical Facebook Marketing Campaign? 5
-Establish Facebook brand page -Use comment and feedback tools to develop fan comments -Develop a community of users -Encourage brand involvement through video, rich media, contests -Use display ads for other Facebook pages and social search -Display Like button liberally
3 Facebook analytics tools
-Facebook Page Insights (tracks likes, comments, shares) -Social media management systems (HootSuite) (crosses over to other social networks) -Analytics providers (Google Analytics, Webtrends)
Facebook Metrics system
-Fan acquisition metrics (how many exposed to posts) -Engagement metrics (# posts, views, likes, etc.) -Amplification metrics (% liking, sharing, reposting) -Community metrics (total of posts, comments, actions) -Brand strength/sales (% of purchases from FB users)
4 steps of twitter marketing campaign
-Follow others relevant to your content and conversation -Experiment with simple Promoted Tweets -For larger budgets, use Promoted Trends and TV ad retargeting -For retail business local sales, build Lead Generation Card
key factors in selecting a package:
-Fxnality -Support for diff business models -Bus process modeling tools -Visual site mgt + reporting -Performance + scalability -Connectivity to existing bus systems -Compliance with standards -Global + multicultural capability -Local sales tax + shipping rules
Six Features of Location-Based Digital Marketing
-Geo-social-based services marketing (e.g., Foursquare; friend finder) -Location-based services marketing -Mobile-local social network marketing -Proximity marketing (opt in; e.g., Coors at 28 airports alerting Blue Moon nearby) -In-store messaging (respond in real time to shopping behavior) -Location-based app messaging (personalized deals)
What are the six steps in a mobile marketing campaign?
-Mobile Web site -Facebook and Twitter brand pages -Mobile versions of display advertising campaigns -Ad networks (track ads across platforms) -Interactive content aimed at mobile user -Tools for measuring responses (like desktop and social marketing metrics)
Pinterest Marketing Tools
-Pin It and Follow buttons - help users pin your content -Pin as display ad - pin with special ad content -Theme-based (lifestyle boards) - Pinterest doesn't want business boards too sales-focused -Brand pages - companies now can create these -URL link to stores - helping firms gain traffic -Retail brand Pins - see prices, where to buy, or recipes -Integration with other social sites - icon helping pin -Network with users, followers, others
Twitter Marketing Tools
-Promoted Tweets - pay to have tweets appear in search results -Promoted Trends - pay to move hashtags to the top of Trends lists -Promoted Accounts - pay to have suggestions to users -Enhanced Profile Page - pay $15K for banner, tweets on company's timeline -Amplify - Real time digital dashboard connecting TV commercials and tweeting -Television Ad Retargeting - Tweet ads to TV viewers -Lead Generation Cards - message in users' timeline with coupon or offer
What are the four metrics to measure characteristics (results) of a location based marketing campaign?
-Reservations -Click-to-call -Friend -Purchase
three revenue models for digital content delivery
-Subscription: pay, all you can eat -A La Carte: pay for what you use -Advertising Support: uses ads so it can be free or offers higher price option for freemium free can drive people to the paid version. pg 351
Twitter Analytic tools
-Twitter's real-time dashboard -Twitter's Timeline activity dashboard Third-party tools -TweetDeck - track mentions, people, keywords -Twitalyzer - analyze followers, mentions, etc. -BackTweets - search tweet archive for URLs
online newspaper
-was losing since most articles were accessed by yahoo/google which posted them for free -now have created premium subscriptions to prevent that -online readership growing 10% a yr pg 356 The publishing industry is an $82 billion industry with extraordinary potential to move toward new generations of online newspapers, books, and magazines. However, achieving profitability has proved difficult. Online newspapers have mostly relied on the advertising business model but in general, this revenue model has not proved sufficient to achieve stand-alone profitability. In order to move toward a subscription model and increase revenues, newspapers have been developing premium niche content and moving toward mobile news services.
internet telephony (VOIP)
...
Factors involved in overall demand:
1. # of simultaneous users in peak periods 2. nature of customer requests (user profile) 3. type of content (dynamic vs static web pages) 4. req'd security 5. # of items in inventory 6. # of page requests 7. speed of legacy apps
today, search engines also serve as:
1. Shopping tools 2. Advertising vehicles (search engine marketing) 3. Tool within e-commerce sites
web site systems development life cycle
1. Systems Analysis/Planning 2. Systems Design 3. Building the System 4. Testing 5. Implementation System Delivery
5 steps of SDLC
1. Systems analysis/planning 2. systems design 3. Building the system 4. Testing 5. Implementation
cloud computing radically reduces costs of
1. building and operating web sites 2. infrastructure, IT support 3. hardware, software
What are the 3 components of system analysis?
1. business objectives 2. system functionality 3. information requirements
most important mgt challenges in building a successful e-commerce site are:
1. developing a clear understanding of bus objectives Req you to: build a plan for developing your firm's site 2. knowing how to choose the right technology to achieve those objectives Req you to: understand some of the basic elements of EC infrastructure
transmission control protocol (TCP)
1. establishes cxs among sending and receiving Web comps 2. Handles assembly of packets at point of transmission, and reassembly at the receiving end
2 types of app servers
1. isolated business apps (from web servers + DBs) 2. single-fxn apps (which are increasingly being replaced by integrated software tools that combine all fxnality needed for EC site)
advantages of dynamic page gen tools
1. lowers menu costs (costs incurred by merchants for changing prod dx + prices) 2. permits easy online mkt segmentation (ability to sell same product to diff mkts) 3. enables cost-free price discrimination (ability to sell the same product to diff customers @ diff prices) 4. enables web content sys (WCMS)
performance + cost
1. mobile web site (least expensive) 2. mobile app (can use browser API) 3. native app (most expensive, requires more programming)
3 types of m-commerce software
1. mobile web site (responsive web design) 2. Mobile web app 3. native app
web 2.0 features and services
1. online social networks 2. blogs 3. really simple syndication (RSS) 4. Podcasting 5. wiki 6. Music and video services 7. internet telephony (VOIP) 8. Internet television (IPTV) 9. Telepresence and video conferencing 10. Online software and Web services 11.
3 important concepts as basis for internet
1. packet switching 2. tcp/ip protocol 3. client/server computing
factors in web site optimization:
1. page generation 2. page delivery 3. page content Purpose of website is to deliver content to customers and to complete transaxns. The faster + more reliably this is met, the more effective the web site
packet switching
1. slices digital messages into packets 2. sends packets along diff cx paths as they become available 3. Reassembles packets once they arrive at destination 4. uses routers §special purpose computers that interconnect the computer networks that make up the Internet and route packets §Routing algorithms to ensure packets take the best available path toward their destination
Important to understand the different factors that affect 1, 2, 3 of a site
1. speed 2. capacity 3. scalability
the new client: the emerging mobile platform within a few years, primary internet access will be through
1. tablets: supplementing Pcs for mobile situations 2. smartphones: disruptive tech: shift in processors, operating systems 25% of all cell phones
physical design
1. translates logical --> physical components 2. Specifies actual physical, software components, models, etc.
fed networking commission defines internet as network that
1. uses Ip addressing 2. supports tcp/ip 3. provides services to users, in manner similar to telephone system
ways to scale hardware:
1. vertically - increase processing power of indiv components 2. horizontally - employ multiple computers to share workload 3. improve processing architecture of site
main types of internet-based b2b commerce
1.)Net marketplaces- aka exchanges, bring in thousands of sellers/buyers into a single digital marketplace operated over the internet. support many-to-many relationships and one-to-many relationships 2.)Private industry network- bring small number of strategic business partner firms, develop highly efficient supply chain and satisfy customer product demand. support many-to-one and many-to-few relationships. largest form of b2b e-commerce pg 430
pure types of net marketplaces
1.)e-distributor 2.)independent exchanges 3.)e-procurement 4.) industry consortia pg 432
collaborative resource planning, forecasting and replenishment (CPFR)
1.)involves working with network members to forecast demand, develop production plans and coordinate shipping , warehousing and stocking activities to ensure that retail and wholesale shelf space is replenished with just the right amount of goods. 2.) demand chain visibility: prevents excess inventories raise cost and pressures to discount merch 3.) marketing coordination and product design: coordinate internal design and marketing activities pg 441
Internet (IP) Addresses: IPv6
128-bit addresses Able to handle up to 1 quadrillion addresses (IPv4 can only handle 4 billion)
IPv6 Internet adress
128-bit addresses, able to handle up to 1 quadrillion addresses (IPv4 can handle only 4 billion)
innovation phase
1961-74 creation of fundamental building blocks
Value Chain
The set of activities performed in an industry or in a firm that transforms raw inputs into final products and services. Each of these activities add economic value into the final product hence the term value chain as an interconnected set of value adding activities.
Universal Computing
The sharing of files, information, graphics, sound, video, and other objects across all computer platforms in the world regardless of operating system
Biometrics
The study of measurable biological or physical characteristics
Narrowband
The traditional telephone modem connection, now operating at 56.6 Kbps
Ecommerce,
The use of internet the web and mobile apps and browsers running on mobile devices to transact business, more formally, digitally enabled commercial transactions between and among organizations and individuals.
Public Cloud
Third-party service providers that own and manage large, scalable data centers that offer computing, data storage, and high speed Internet to multiple customers who pay for only the resources they use
Web Site (Traditional Online Marketing)
Traditional Web Site(Ford.com), Search engine marketing (Google, Bing, Yahoo), Display Advertising (Google, Yahoo, MSN)
TCP
Transmission control protocol
A worm does not need to be activated by a user in order for it to replicate itself
True
Cookies when combined with Web beacons, can be used to create cross site profiles
True
Every device connecting to the Internet must have a unique address
True
FTP is a protocol used to transfer files to and from a server
True
Internet access providers typically provide faster download speeds than upload speeds to consumers.
True
It is not necessarily illegal to use someone else's trademark in a metatag
True
Proxy servers are also known as: dual home systems.
True
Trigger pricing adjusts prices based on the location of the consumer
True
when to use auctions in business
consumer wants greater value at lowest cost, business use auctions to maximize revenue by finding market value -type of product: online auctions are most commonly used for rare and unique products for which prices are difficult to discover and no market for goods -product life cycle: use auctions for goods at the end of their product life cycle -channel management: established retailers cant allow auctions interfere with their existing profitable channels -type of auction: sellers should choose auctions where there are many buyers -initial behavior: should start with low price -bid increments: safest to keep bid increments low -auction length: the longer then the larger number of bidders, and the higher prices can go -number of items: sellers should break up big bundles to avoid selling at "volume discount' -price allocation rule: everyone pay same price in multi-unit auction -closed vs. open bidding: closed bidding has many advantages for seller pg 397
applications layer
contains client apps such as WWWeb , email, and audio or video playback.
page delivery
content delivery networks edge catching bandwidth
supply chain management (SCM) systems
continuously link the activities of buying, making and moving products from suppliers to purchasing firms, as well as integrating the demand side of the business equation by including the order entry system in the process pg 427
social media: activity
conversation engagement sharing advice
Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers
coordinates the Internet's systems of unique identifiers
Which of the following protects original forms of expression in a tangible medium
copyright
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
core communications protocol for the internet
Sponsored Community Sites
created by commercial, government, and nonprofit organizations (nike, IBM)
e-procurement firm
creates and sells access to digital markets
versioning
creating multiple versions of information goods and selling essentially the same product to different market segments at different prices
Registering a domain name similar or identical to trademarks of others to extort profits from legitimate holders is an example of
cyber squatting
query-driven data mining
data mining based on specific queries
procurement process
how firms purchase goods they need to produce goods for consumers. relationship between supply chain and process. types: indirect and direct. pg 419 1.) Search- catalogs, internet, salesppl, brochures, phone, fax. (decision stage) 2.)Qualify- research, credit history, check with competitors, phone, research (decision stage) 3.) Negotiate- price, credit terms, escrow, quality, timing (decision stage) 4.) Purchase order- order product, initiate, purch order, enter info system, mail 5.) Invoicing- receive PO, enter in financial system, enter into production system, send invoice, match with PO, internal review, enter into warehouse system 6.)Shipping- enter into shippers tracking system, ship goods, deliver goods, enter into tracking system 7.) remittance payment- receive goods.. pg 421
view time
how long the video ad actually stays in view while it plays
completion rate
how many viewers watch the complete video ad
Internet Exchange Point (IXP)
hub where the backbone intersects with local and regional networks and where backbone owners connect with one another
big data
huge data sets, often from different sources, in the petabyte and exabyte range
example of freemium model
hulu
Fiber-optic cable
hundreds of glass/plastic strands that use light to transmit data
technical convergence
hybrid device that can combine platforms into one (iPhone)
HTML
hypertext markup language
mobile app platforms
iPhone/iPad, Android, Blackberry
Search engines
identifies Web pages that appear to match keywords, also called queries, entered by the user and then provides a list of the best matches
search engine
identifies web pages that appear to match keywords, also called queries entered by the user and then provides a list of the best matches
Which of the following is a community of members who self
identify with a demographic or geographic category- Affinity community
Universalism
if action is not right for all situations, it is not right for any specific situation. if we adopted this rule in every case, could the organization or society survive
Slippery slope
if an action cannot be taken repeatedly, then it is not right to take it at all *Descartes rule of change), once started down a slippery path you might not be able to change
All of the following statements are true except
in auctions, prices may be variable or fixed-over a third of procurement officers use auctions to procure goods-
customer co-production
in the web environment, takes customization one step further by allowing the customer to interactively create the product
value chain management (VCM) services
include automation of a firms entire procurement process on the buyer side and automation of selling business processes on the seller side pg 434
Basic site mgt tools
included in all web servers verify that links on pages are still valid identify orphan files
application layer
includes protocols used to routing information among systems on the internet
organic search
inclusion and ranking of sites depends on a more or less unbiased application of a set of rules imposed by the search engine
Vertical scaling
increasing the processing power of individual components
e-procurement Net marketplace
independently owned intermediary the connects hundreds of online suppliers offering millions of maintenance and repair parts to business firms who pay fees to join the market pg 433
exchange
independently owned online marketplace that connects hundreds to potentially thousands of suppliers and buyers in a dynamic, real-time environment pg 435
industry consortium
industry-owned vertical market that enables buyers to purchase direct inputs (goods/services) from a limited set of invited participants pg 436
industry consortia
industry-owned vertical marketplaces that serve specific industries
SQL (structured query language)
industry-standard database query and manipulation language used in a relational database
structured query language (SQL)
industry-standard database query language used in relational databases
