Ecology Quiz 2

_____ of the earth's land surface is covered by desert.

20%

By 1992, most of Texas and all of Massachusetts had less than ____% natural vegetation remaining.

25%

You have captured and weighed 11 deer with the following individual weights (in kg): 23, 27, 35, 42, 26, 35, 44, 33, 22, 23 and 38. The sample mean of the data is:

31.6

There are(is) _______ convective air cell(s) per hemisphere, _______ total for the earth.

3;6

Boreal forest are found between _________ latitude

50 and 65* North

Which of the following would be considered a novel ecosystem?

A cotton field that has not been worked for 20 years, Hawaiian forests growing on lava flows dominated by albizia and Australian ironwood, A pine plantation in northern Alabama abandoned in 2000 because of infestation by pine bark beetles, A bottomland hardwood forest in Texas supporting approximately 10,000 feral hogs

All of the following components influence soil structure except

Age

The _______________ is a depositional horizon that contains clays, humus, and other materials which may form distinct banding patterns.

B horizon

Which of the following biomes have fertile soils that contain large quantities of organic matter?

Both temperate forest and temperate grassland

What is the deepest soil layer?

C horizon

As latitude increases, temperature decreases likewise as lastitude decreases, temperature decreases.

False

In a typical soil profile the highest level of biological activity is supported by the C horizon

False

Mycorrhizae are parasitic fungi that are depleting tropical trees of nutrients.

False

Taigas have moderate temperatures with occasional droughts.

False

All of the following statements concerning wind are true except

North east toward the poles

Which of the soil horizon is made up of freshly fallen organic matter including whole leaves, twigs, and other plant parts?

O horizon

Which of the following soil horizon profiles is ordered correctly?

O, A, B, C

Which of the following is not a characteristic of the boreal forest?

Sparce plant cover

What is Earth's climatic variation due to?

Spherical shape of earth, earth's axial rotation as it orbits the sun, uneven heating of earth's surface

A sample mean is a statistical estimate of the true population mean

True

Environments located at low latitudes at high elevations have similar climates as those environments located at high latitudes.

True

The mean height of a sample of 100 seedlings would likely closer to the true population mean then the mean of a sample of 11.

True

The percipitation in moist temperate regions is caused by the mating of cool polar air and warm subtropical air.

True

Tradewinds move towards the equator.

True

Freezing and thawing brings stones to the surface, forming a netlike, or polygon pattern on the surface of the _________ soils.

Tundra

What do climatic diagrams provide?

Wind patterns, average minimum temperature above and below 0*C, temperature and percipitation variations, wet and dry seasons

The Northern and Southern Hemispheres receive approximately equal amounts of solar radiation on the

both spring equinox and autumnal equinox

Warm tropical air

cools as it ascends

As elevation increases, mountain climates are characterized by

decreasing temperature and increasing percipitation

Recently human intrusion has increased on the tundra. How is the tundra being impacted by humans?

intense oil exploration and extraction

During the northern winter, the Northern Hemisphere

is tilted away from the sun

Which of the following is true of fire in the tropical savannah

it kills young trees

The corolis effect causes an apparent deflection of winds in the southern hemisphere to the ________ of the direction of travel

left

Most of the earth's deserts are

located at 30* north and south latitudes.

Following Ellis & Ramankutty's anthropogenic biome classification, most of the area within 100 mile radius of Lubbock would best be described as

residential and populated irrigated cropland, embedded in remote cropland and surrounded by remote rangelands

The biomes which have experienced the greatest percentage conversion by man is

temperate grasslands, savannas and shrublands

Which of the following is the correct order from the longest to the shortest growing season?

tropical rain forest, tropical dry forest, boreal forest, tundra

Heating of the earths surface causes

warm air to rise and cool air to sink