EDF1005 FINAL

Which statement would most likely be made by a critic of schools' efforts to transmit culture? -"It is not the schools' responsibility to transmit culture; this is the responsibility of the students' parents and family members." -"When schools transmit culture, they tend to transmit a narrow perspective about other cultures and chauvinistic feeling of cultural superiority." -"Taxpayers cannot pay to have schools transmit culture. Schools need to stick to the basics." -"Teachers are not trained to transmit culture, so it is not fair to task them with such a responsibility."

"When schools transmit culture, they tend to transmit a narrow perspective about other cultures and chauvinistic feeling of cultural superiority."

During classroom discussions, Juan never names a student before asking a question. He always asks a question first and then names the student whom he wants to answer the question. According to Kounin, this is an example of: -dangles. -overlapping. -group alerting. -withitness.

-group alerting.

By the early part of the twentieth century, women constituted upward of _____ percent of teachers. -50 -10 -90 -20

90

Identify an accurate statement about the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB). -Annual testing for reading, math, and science was not required for grades 3-8. -Underperforming schools were granted additional financial support. -A high-stakes testing culture was created. -States created uniform standardized testing standards.

A high-stakes testing culture was created

During the 1960s and 1970s, the Supreme Court _____. -asserted that de jure segregation was necessary to preserve the American way of life -focused on efforts to eradicate de facto segregation only in the South -attacked de facto segregation stemming from racially imbalanced neighborhoods -opposed all efforts to eradicate de jure segregation in the North and in the South

attacked de facto segregation stemming from racially imbalanced neighborhoods

The development of common core state standards that have been adopted in most states reflect the influence of: -education commissions and committees. -professional organizations. -special interest groups. -publishers.

education commissions and committees.

Critics of middle school education argue that they should be replaced by _____. -single-sex schools -K-8 schools -charter schools -home schools

K-8 schools

_____ organizes schools around the concerns, curiosity, and real-world experiences of students. -Perennialism -Essentialism -Progressivism

Progressivism

Identify an accurate statement about open enrollment. -Students become eligible to enroll in any public school with available space. -Students are currently offered open enrollment, in fewer than 10 states. -Students are offered a form of distance learning. -Students receive educational vouchers to study in select schools.

Students become eligible to enroll in any public school with available space.

Identify the best example of a teacher praising a student that is more likely to boost student achievement. -"Linzy! I'm happy that at least some of your answers are correct!" -"Lea! That answer sounds okay." -"Great job! Keep it up!" -"Melanie! Your answer demonstrates a good approach toward critical analysis."

"Melanie! Your answer demonstrates a good approach toward critical analysis."

The role of state governments in curricular decisions has: -increased through state standards and tests, and frameworks for all schools to follow. -decreased, due to the emphasis on local control of schools mandated in the No Child Left Behind Act. -been minimized due to reductions in state education budgets. -has been restricted to merely providing funds and financial support.

increased through state standards and tests, and frameworks for all schools to follow.

By beginning a lesson with a challenging riddle or an anecdote, a teacher is trying to: -establish clear objectives. -inspire motivation. -promote clarification. -create a scaffolding.

inspire motivation.

In the first step of the pedagogical cycle, a teacher: -asks questions. -provides feedback. -introduces the topics. -addresses questions.

introduces the topics.

After becoming "board certified," a teacher _____. -is legally entitled to receive a minimum 20 percent raise -might be given additional pay -can be assured of a promotion and hike in pay -is given less responsibility for school-wide instruction

might be given additional pay

When a teacher allocates a special week in a month to talk about important female inventors, the teacher is taking the _____ approach to multicultural curriculum. -additive -contributions -transformative -social action

additive

The most widespread form of substance abuse is _____. -alcohol -marijuana -heroin -cocaine

alcohol

The federal funds directed at specific categories and targeted educational needs of schools are known as _____. -categorical grants -block grants -limited grants -conditional grants

categorical grants

When a teacher is breaking down (or "chunking") information to explain the concept more effectively to students, he is engaged in: -scaffolding. -transition. -review. -clarification.

clarification.

Grace Fernald, Marianne Frostig, and Heinz Werner are noted for pioneering research in the field of _____. -gifted education -neuroplasticity -learning styles -special education

special education

Identify an accurate statement about the Buckley Amendment. -Student grades do not become private and part of students' educational records until they are recorded in a teacher's grade book. -Announcing student grades in a classroom violates the privacy act, test scores must only be disclosed to the student. -A teacher can share student educational records with the parents of other students. -The Family Rights and Privacy Act contradicts the Buckley amendment.

Student grades do not become private and part of students' educational records until they are recorded in a teacher's grade book

You have just been assigned to teach a class that has several management problems. A good strategy to reduce or eliminate these problems would be to: -keep teaching materials and supplies locked up, so that students call on you when they need assistance. -actively teach procedures, routines, and rules along with the academic curriculum. -avoid eye contact with the students while teaching so that all students feel comfortable. -place student desks near the supply cabinets so that students do not need to move around for supplies.

actively teach procedures, routines, and rules along with the academic curriculum.

For teachers involved in gifted education programs, one of the key tasks to accomplish is: -helping the students develop strong existential intelligence. -promoting a sense of community that reduces student anxiety and alienation. -making sure that items in the curriculum are covered on time. -helping the students develop a healthy interest in sports.

promoting a sense of community that reduces student anxiety and alienation

Molly is a recent college graduate, who is giving an interview for a job at the same elementary school where she was a student. Which of the following questions would be appropriate for the principal to ask Molly during the course of the job interview? -"Are you planning to settle down and start a family in our community?" -"I remember that your family belongs to the First Church on Main Street. If you move back here to take the job, will you transfer your membership back to that church?" -"What made you decide to major in early childhood education in college?" -"I recall that you had ADHD when you were enrolled here. Do you see your ADHD as being a potential challenge to working with students in your class?"

"What made you decide to major in early childhood education in college?"

Which of the following statements best reflects the beliefs of James Coleman? -The answer to improving the quality of education in America is to adopt a marketplace-driven idea. Competition will save public schools." -"The key to improving public education in America is to invest in charter schools." -"High schools are obsolete. They are preparing students for the world of 1960." -"When we carefully analyze private schools, we can clearly see that they do a better job than public schools. Perhaps private schools are the way to fix education."

"When we carefully analyze private schools, we can clearly see that they do a better job than public schools. Perhaps private schools are the way to fix education."

Ethnocentrism is the _____. -belief that sensory experience is the source of knowledge -idea that ethnic diversity is essential for cultural growth -tendency to view one's own culture as superior to others -tendency to include cultural discussions in education

-tendency to view one's own culture as superior to others

The current reform efforts in education can be traced back to: -No Child Left Behind. -Goals 2000. -A Nation at Risk. -The Economic Impact of the Achievement Gap in America's Schools.

A Nation at Risk.

Which of the following cases best demonstrates the U.S. Supreme Court's position on the "separation of church and state"? -A teacher decides to offer a course on Christianity. She points out that most students in the school are Christian, but do not get an "adequate" Christian education at home. Her desire is to supplement that instruction and promote moral citizens. The community and the parents are all very supportive. -A teacher is very upset when a Jewish child begins to say a Hebrew prayer in the cafeteria before he eats. The student explains that observant Jews are instructed to say such prayers before eating, and he offers to say the prayer quietly. The teacher points out that in a public school such religious demonstrations are not acceptable and instructs him to save his prayers for home. -The principal announces that specific Christian, Jewish, or Muslim prayers will not be conducted over the school public address system each morning, since such prayers violate the Supreme Court decision on prohibiting specific religious prayer in school. Instead, a non-sectarian, common prayer will be said each morning so that all students feel included. -A student decides to start a Christian club that will meet on school grounds and is given permission by the school administration, which also offers space on school grounds for non-religious clubs and other student groups to meet.

A student decides to start a Christian club that will meet on school grounds and is given permission by the school administration, which also offers space on school grounds for non-religious clubs and other student groups to meet

Which of the following is true of students receiving special education? -Whites are more likely to be classified as special needs students as compared to African Americans and Hispanics. -Few special education students are likely to be Hispanic because special education services are not available in Spanish -Boys are more likely to receive special educational services as compared to girls. -Gifted learners receive far more than their fair share of instructional resources because they often benefit the most from their status as special education students.

Boys are more likely to receive special educational services as compared to girls.

Which of the following conclusions is a teacher reading the work of Janet Hyde, likely to reach about the students in his class? -I need to develop different teaching styles to meet the different learning needs of boys and girls, in my class." -"I think that, given the differences between males and females, single-sex education would be the most appropriate approach to take." -"I really need to consider what I should do to academically support my students who come from economically disadvantaged backgrounds." -"I really see no need to change anything that I am currently doing."

I need to develop different teaching styles to meet the different learning needs of boys and girls, in my class."

Which of the following statements is true regarding merit pay? -It is not part of the current reform movement. -It reduces the "political" factor in deciding who is an effective teacher. - It links students' performance to teachers salary. -It can be easily linked to measurements such as test scores and attendance.

It links students' performance to teachers salary.

Why have many courts rejected educational malpractice lawsuits? -Only malfeasance or misfeasance on the part of school personnel can be tried in court. -It is the responsibility of schools to make every student learn, but students are unable to provide adequate proof of malpractice. -Many factors affect learning and the school system cannot be solely blamed for failure to learn. -Not all schools have the resources to provide an "adequate education."

Many factors affect learning and the school system cannot be solely blamed for failure to learn

Which of the following statements is true? -Most Arab Americans living in the U.S. are Christian. -All Arabs living in the Middle East follow Islam. -Most Americans perceive Arabs as pro-American. -Majority of America's Muslims are Arabs

Most Arab Americans living in the U.S. are Christian.

Members of which demographic group are at the greatest risk of committing suicide? -African Americans -White Americans -Hispanic Americans -Native Americans

Native Americans

Emily's parents have recently divorced and they will share her custody. Which of the following statements will be true of Emily? -It is most likely that she will never recover from the experience. -She will probably go through a process that closely resembles mourning. -Her performance at school will probably improve as she will be more independent. -Her teachers should respect her need for privacy and keep their distance.

She will probably go through a process that closely resembles mourning.

_____ is the idea that society is an ingenious "sorting" system, one in which the more talented rise to the top, while those less deserving find themselves at the bottom of the social and economic pecking order. -Social reconstructionism -Perennialism -Social Darwinism -Cartesian dualism

Social Darwinism

Which of the following is most likely to conduct educational research and development? -State board of education -School districts -School superintendents -State department of education

State department of education

Which of the following statements about stereotyping is true? -Stereotyping is a process that gives importance to individuality. -Stereotypes are impervious to contradictory information. -Stereotyping is used to broaden the thinking process. -Stereotypes are applied only to a few members of a group.

Stereotypes are impervious to contradictory information.

Many people are unaware that the responsibility for educating Americans is not even mentioned in the Constitution. Under the _____ Amendment, any area not specifically stated in the Constitution as a federal responsibility is automatically assigned to the states -Tenth -Fourteenth -Sixteenth -Fifth

Tenth

Which of the following is an argument used to support character education programs? -Students should be allowed to evolve and develop core moral attributes by themselves. -The core attributes of a moral individual should be directly taught as part of the school curriculum. -Today's complexities can be reduced through independent analysis and evaluation. -Adult guidance and supervision are counterproductive in developing core moral attributes.

The core attributes of a moral individual should be directly taught as part of the school curriculum.

Which of the following was an outcome of the San Antonio v. Rodriguez (1973) ruling of the Supreme Court? -The court stated that educational funding through the property tax was a highly effective system. -The court declared education as a fundamental right under the U.S. Constitution. -The court declared that it will change the way education systems in the U.S. were funded. -The court stated that preserving local control was a legitimate reason to use the property tax system.

The court stated that preserving local control was a legitimate reason to use the property tax system.

Marie, a middle-grade teacher, believes that all children can learn if given the right support. However, Tina, her coworker, thinks that it is a waste of time and effort to work with students from certain racial and ethnic groups. Which of the following theories suggests that the academic performance of the students from these groups is likely to suffer due to Tina's attitude? -The deficit theory -The expectation theory -The multiple intelligence theory -The cultural difference theory

The expectation theory

In the context of the report from the consulting firm McKinsey & Company, titled The Economic Impact of the Achievement Gap in America's Schools, identify an accurate statement. -The slow pace of educational reform has in many ways saved taxpayers' dollars and prevented an early economic recession. -According to one author of the report: "We save 3 to 5 billion dollars a day by not closing these achievement gaps." -Interestingly, the report concluded that no identifiable gaps exist between white students and Latino students. -The nation's gross domestic product would be $1.3 to $2.3 trillion higher if achievement gaps did not exist.

The nation's gross domestic product would be $1.3 to $2.3 trillion higher if achievement gaps did not exist.

Which of the following is a true statement about students in low-ability tracks? -They get more learning opportunities than students in higher-ability tracks. -Their instruction places more emphasis on classroom management problems. -Their instruction covers more content and involves less repetition. -They get more encouragement and instruction from their teachers.

Their instruction places more emphasis on classroom management problems.

From the following, identify the accurate statement about school superintendents. -They are mainly responsible for relieving school boards of their administrative obligations. -They are the most powerful education officer in the school district. -They are not responsible for recruiting, hiring, and firing personnel. -They are always popular and are exempted from criticism when things go wrong.

They are the most powerful education officer in the school district.

Which of these statements best describes the attitude of Americans toward inequities in school funding? -they believe that the problems of poor people can be solved through additional school funding. -They believe that communities are collectively responsible for the education of students. -They are unaware that different financial resources should be utilized to educate neighborhood children. -They believe that an individual's circumstances are merely obstacles to be overcome.

They believe that an individual's circumstances are merely obstacles to be overcome.

Identify an accurate statement about using a student's test score to assess the teacher. -Test scores reflect students' understanding of the curriculum, hence are an effective and time-tested way of assessing teachers. -In order to evaluate a teacher effectively, at least 50 percent of the evaluation must be based upon test scores. -This a flawed approach because one test score is an inadequate measure of student growth, much less student effectiveness. -This represents an almost perfect and practical application of the value-added concept.

This a flawed approach because one test score is an inadequate measure of student growth, much less student effectiveness.

Which of the following actions of teachers is most likely be supported by Gloria Ladson-Billings, the proponent of culturally responsive teaching? -Making the students concentrate on personality development while ignoring academic success -Encouraging the students to strictly follow textbooks even if they are outdated -Working to improve the quality of life of the students in the school and community -Using a single learning style in order to avoid confusing the students

Working to improve the quality of life of the students in the school and community

Pavel is a new teacher in an inner-city school in Boston. To prepare for teaching, Pavel commits to teach for at least five years. Then, he spends his first year observing and working with Dava, a master teacher, while taking coursework. Only during his second year he will be allowed to teach students of his own, under Dava's supervision. Based on this description, Pavel is part of _____. -a traditional teaching education program. -the Teach for America program. - a teaching residency program -a guild-based apprenticeship program.

a teaching residency program

The use of a system of positive reinforcement to promote desired learning is based on _____. -constructivism -behaviorism -existentialism -progressivism

behaviorism

Horace Mann became the nation's leading advocate for the establishment of a _____ school open to all. -common -private -charter -dame

common

An essentialist would argue that essentialism is an approach to _____. -encourage students to work together cooperatively -organize schools around the concerns and curiosity of students -ensure a common culture among Americans -organize schools around books, ideas, and concepts

ensure a common culture among Americans

According to Gardner, if one wants to develop students who are willing to face hard truths and value honest behavior, the stress should be on the: -ethical mind. -disciplined mind. -respectful mind. -synthesizing mind.

ethical mind.

In terms of professional status, many feel teaching: - falls somewhere between professional and semiprofessional in status. -enjoys a full professional status on the level of doctors, lawyers, and clergy. -is a profession that cannot be associated with intrinsic rewards. -is a skilled occupation such as a computer programmer or an accountant.

falls somewhere between professional and semiprofessional in status.

When asked to identify the one best thing about their high school, _____ usually ranks at the top of the list of students. -academics -cultural activities -friends -sporting events

friends

A key aspect of teaching in a constructivist classroom is _____. -putting the teacher at the center of the educational stage -handling knowledge from the teacher to the students -gauging a student's prior knowledge and understanding -educating the students on the fundamentals of religion

gauging a student's prior knowledge and understanding

Jean and Stephen were concerned about the quality of education that their son, Galen, was receiving in the neighborhood school. They believed it would not be sufficient to impart religious and moral values to their son. Hence, they chose to homeschool Galen for the rest of his educational career. This religion-based motivation on the part of Galen's parents to homeschool him is a characteristic of: -zealots. -ideologues. -pedagogues. -reformers.

ideologues.

Gina teaches at the middle grade. Joey is her student. She has noticed that Joey comes to school wearing the same clothes every day: a T-shirt, shorts, and flip-flops. He wears this outfit even on days when it is very cold outside. Recently, Joey seems to be more withdrawn, he keeps to himself and avoids eye contact largely ignoring his friends. Based on Gina's observations, she should: -leave the matter alone. After all, everyone knows how "teens" can be! -do nothing right now, but continue to observe to confirm any concerns she may have. -immediately file a report with her principal or counselor, since Joey could be suffering from abuse or neglect. -do nothing, since what Joey wears or does is really none of her business as long as he does not disrupt the class.

immediately file a report with her principal or counselor, since Joey could be suffering from abuse or neglect.

One of the recommendations to strengthen the Teach for America (TFA) program is to: -increase the pay for TFA teachers if students' test scores improve. -recruit a more diverse group of participants. -add incentives to make more students want to join TFA. -increase classroom support for TFA participants as they teach.

increase classroom support for TFA participants as they teach.

Courts have ruled that a teacher's right to academic freedom: -is absolute and teaching should be free of any restrictions. -is absolute because censorship reduces a teacher's effectiveness. -is not absolute as students should learn only appropriate subject matter. -is not absolute and teachers should avoid discussing ethnic and religious differences.

is not absolute as students should learn only appropriate subject matter.

Han, an Asian student in elementary school, speaks very little English. Although Han is a bright student, he struggles in class as all instructions are in English. His teacher makes no effort to modify the instruction to help Han keep up with the class. Han's experience most closely reflects the _____ approach to education. -cultural immersion -language transition -language submersion -cultural maintenance

language submersion

Research shows that teachers skilled in pedagogy: -give more importance to subject knowledge than teaching methods. -lack effective instructional skills. -do not employ effective teaching strategies. -outperform teachers with superior subject area knowledge

outperform teachers with superior subject area knowledge

In a(n) _____ classroom students spend considerable time and energy mastering the three "Rs," reading, 'riting, and 'rithmetic. -progressivist -existentialist -perennialist -constructivist

perennialist

The chief state school officer is responsible for: -formulating educational policy. -performing administrative tasks. -planning school activities. -managing school funds.

planning school activities.

The "Lau Remedies" were important because they required: -bilingual instruction to be banned in public schools. -students to be English-proficient in order to attend schools. -teachers to be more focused on mathematical skills than on language and communication -positive steps to be taken by schools to eliminate language barriers to learning.

positive steps to be taken by schools to eliminate language barriers to learning.

Procedural due process refers to the: -principle that upholds the right of non-English-speaking students to select their language of instruction. -established procedures to accommodate the needs of gifted learners in regular classrooms. -right of children with disabilities to be assessed, placed, and taught in special and separate classrooms. -principle that upholds the right of students with disabilities to protest a school's decisions about their education.

principle that upholds the right of students with disabilities to protest a school's decisions about their education.

As secondary schools spread, they generally took the form of _____ academies. -free-for-all -not-for-profit -public, government-funded -private, tuition-charging

private, tuition-charging

When teachers and principals have to remedy antiquated buildings, they give higher priority to _____. -rewiring for computer installation -installing modems for Internet access -repairing lights and air conditioners -replacing old benches and desks

repairing lights and air conditioners

Normal schools were important because they: -remain, to this day, the primary way teachers are trained. -represented the earliest form of professional teacher education -led to a more diverse teaching force. -focused solely on pedagogy and teaching methodology.

represented the earliest form of professional teacher education

Commercialism promotes _____. -self-esteem -self-gratification -self-belief -self-gratulation

self-gratification

The study of the "saber-tooth curriculum" brings us to the conclusion that: -modern curricula are ineffective at handling changing conditions in comparison with old-school curricula. -unless teachers have a key role in curriculum development, the curriculum cannot meet contemporary needs. -slavish devotion to the content of past times can result in a curriculum obsolete in the face of contemporary realities. -as long as the basal reader dominates the curriculum, a truly individualized curriculum can never become a reality.

slavish devotion to the content of past times can result in a curriculum obsolete in the face of contemporary realities.

According to a survey, by the nonprofit Education Sector, most teachers: -support educational reform and change. -support a system that rewards longevity. -feel that student test scores are the best measure of competence of a teacher. -feel that most older teachers or teachers with graduate credits are more skilled than younger teachers.

support educational reform and change.

In 1949, _____ caused Congress to reverse more than a century of immigration quotas and naturalization and anti-miscegenation laws. -the rise of "Chinatowns" in major cities throughout the United States -the institution of a Communist government in mainland China -the realization that Chinese immigrants were a boon to the U.S. economy -the demand raised by U.S. citizens to grant refugee status to Chinese immigrants

the institution of a Communist government in mainland China

The National Education Association(NEA) and the American Federation of Teachers (AFT) work to improve the salaries and the working conditions of teachers _____. -through collective bargaining -by granting tenure to its members -through alternative teacher certification programs -by providing low-cost legal services to all members

through collective bargaining

When students, parents, and teachers were asked to rate goals of schooling in a study by John Goodlad: -all of them rated social and civic goals as most important. -students and parents rated personal goals highest; teachers rated academic goals highest. -vocational, personal, academic, social, and civic goals were all rated "very important." -students gave the highest rating to goals in the intellectual area.

vocational, personal, academic, social, and civic goals were all rated "very important."

In a progressivist classroom, you would find teachers _____. -walking around the room, asking questions and making suggestions -talking to rows of seated students who are listening to them attentively -focusing their students' attention on scheduled standardized tests -focusing their students' attention on one discrete discipline at a time

walking around the room, asking questions and making suggestions

When the Progressive Education Association released their Eight-Year Study, they reported that students who graduated from progressive schools: -were judged to be more objective and more precise thinkers. -earned a slightly lower grade point average. -received slightly less academic honors. -were judged to possess lower intellectual curiosity and lower drive.

were judged to be more objective and more precise thinkers.

_____ students are the least likely to attend multiracial schools and are the most isolated group. -White -Asian -Hispanic -African American

white

Teachers should ask higher order questions when students: -Are involved in a creative or affective decision. -work on drill and practice. -are introduced to new information. -review previously learned information.

Are involved in a creative or affective decision

The _____ gave the federal government power to help local school districts desegregate (Title IV) and, when necessary, to initiate lawsuits or withhold federal school funds to force desegregation. -Civil Rights Act -Smith-Hughes Act -No Child Left Behind Act -Elementary and Secondary Education Act

Civil Rights Act

Identify an accurate statement in the context of use of computer-based technologies in schools. -Computer-based drills and tutorials in science, social science, and math may be effective in helping students show increased performance on standard multiple-choice tests. -Large investments in computer-based technologies have been matched by encouraging gains in student achievement. -Considering the subject of biology, virtual dissections have proved to be more effective than actual dissection experiments in the laboratory. -E-texting helps students to develop grammar and spelling skills and perform better.

Computer-based drills and tutorials in science, social science, and math may be effective in helping students show increased performance on standard multiple-choice tests.

_____ asserts that knowledge cannot be handed from one person to another (from a teacher to a learner) but must be constructed by each learner through interpreting and reinterpreting a constant flow of information. -Constructivism -Behaviorism -Perennialism -Essentialism

Constructivism

Identify an accurate statement about single-sex schools. -The advantages of single-sex schools have been proved by rigorous research. -Ideas that support single-sex schools fit easily into traditional belief systems. -Dividing students increases sexual distractions, but reduces discipline issues. -Girls have a better and more refined learning style, hence should be taught separately.

Ideas that support single-sex schools fit easily into traditional belief systems.

Influential teacher organizations are cautiously supportive of a merit pay plan. Provided that certain conditions are met, they would be more likely to support it. Which of the following is one of those conditions? -The plan should be objective and based solely on student test scores. -Local teachers should be involved in planning. -Senior tenured teachers must be excluded from the merit pay plan. -The plan should be fair and also penalize teachers in under-resourced schools.

Local teachers should be involved in planning.

The state with perhaps the purest example of adequate education approach is _____. -New York -California -Maryland -Virginia

Maryland

In the context of the education system in the U.S., which of the following is one of the most important discoveries made by Jeannie Oakes? -She found that in the tracking system, race, far more than ability, determines which students are placed in which tracks. -She found that children go to their first-grade teacher not only for this practical information but also for hugs, praise, and general warmth and affection. -She found that grades go down as alcohol consumption and drug use go up. -She found that extracurricular activities expand cultural, artistic, and athletic opportunities.

She found that in the tracking system, race, far more than ability, determines which students are placed in which tracks

Elaine has been a fifth grade teacher since 1998. Elaine's decisions are grounded not only in the literature but also in her experiences. She serves as a role model for her students, and she exemplifies virtues such as honesty and fairness that she seeks to inspire in them. Which of the core propositions of the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards do Elaine's actions most closely reflect? -Teachers are committed to students and their learning experience. -Teachers are responsible for managing and monitoring student learning. -Teachers are experienced members of learning communities. -Teachers are committed to students and their learning experience.

Teachers are committed to students and their learning experience.

Elaine was homeschooled for most of her life before heading to college at a state university. Based on what is known of homeschooled students in college, we can conclude that Elaine is most likely to: -be well-thought-of by many of her professors because professors describe homeschooled students as more self-directed and willing to take risks. -have a lower GPA than most students who were not homeschooled. -come to school prepared to socialize with diverse students representing many backgrounds and viewpoints. -experience little difficulty in her science and history classes, even though most of her learning in these courses was influenced by religion.

be well-thought-of by many of her professors because professors describe homeschooled students as more self-directed and willing to take risks.

In an essay that she wrote for her sociology course, Eve argued that one of the reasons that minorities struggled academically while in school was genetic deficiencies that made them incapable of learning at the same pace as their white counterparts. Eve's views are indicative of the _____. -deficit theory -cultural difference theory -expectation theory -multiple intelligence theory

deficit theory

When schools move away from traditional autocratic teaching styles, students embrace "Habits of Goodness". To develop these habits teachers should: -develop the list of rules together with their students and ensure that rules are few and fair. -ask students to unquestioningly obey the teacher at all times. -communicate to students that even though they don't understand the reasons for every rule, rules are very important to follow. -ensure that the students learn to remain quiet in the classroom, do not misbehave, and learn obedience.

develop the list of rules together with their students and ensure that rules are few and fair.

The Old Deluder Satan Law of 1647 required that: -all citizens of Massachusetts must present themselves periodically to recite the Scripture. -every town of fifty households must appoint and pay a teacher of reading and writing. -every household must appoint an individual to read the Scripture on behalf of the family. -all citizens of Massachusetts must be assessed to determine their reading and writing skills.

every town of fifty households must appoint and pay a teacher of reading and writing.

States have used different programs to try to equalize funding. In the _____ program, the state provides funds to ensure that each student receives a minimal level of educational services. -foundation -tax base -motivation -resource base

foundation

One of the fundamental provisions of Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, which ensures that students with disabilities should be assessed fairly, by the use of tests that are free from cultural bias and are in the students' native language, is the provision of: -appropriate education. -procedural due process. -nondiscriminatory education. -individualized education program.

nondiscriminatory education

Compared to resumes, portfolios: -offer a more comprehensive reflection of a candidate's skills. -are less valued by many school districts and universities. -simply include a career objective and work experience. -are simpler to create and save time.

offer a more comprehensive reflection of a candidate's skills.

In the cooperative learning model of effective instruction: -accurate grading becomes easier and less time consuming. -a strong competitive environment is promoted in the classroom. -students are more likely to use computer technology. -rewards and recognition are based upon student performance.

rewards and recognition are based upon student performance.

On the subject of teaching creationism, evolution, or intelligent design in schools, a large segment of the public feels that: -evolution should be taught in schools as the best and most rational explanation of origin of life. -intelligent design is the best compromise and should be taught in schools, evolution should be considered merely as a theory, not fact. -the teaching of creationism should supersede all other theories about the origin of life. -students should be exposed to competing theories in schools.

students should be exposed to competing theories in schools.

As a student in college, Luisa was shocked at some of the things she was learning in her Survey of American History course. Although she had studied American history before, her teachers had completely omitted many of the things that she was learning for the first time. Luisa's experiences most closely reflect the effects of: -the hidden curriculum. -the rhetorical curriculum. -the null curriculum. -the saber-tooth curriculum.

the null curriculum.

Student achievement will be increased when _____. -the teachers spend more time on providing essential supplies to students -the teachers spend more time on helping the students improve their behavior -the students spend more time on interacting with their classmates -the students spend more time on learning their subjects

the students spend more time on learning their subjects

When a teacher's private life is called into question by the courts, a governing principle that determines whether or not the teacher may be dismissed is often based on whether: - there is substantial disruption of the educational process. -there is documentary evidence of an illicit relationship. -the teacher's actions in his or her private life can be considered immoral. -the teacher is a good role model for students.

there is substantial disruption of the educational process.

Being _____ refers to a person's innate identity of being somewhere in between male and female. -transracial -bisexual -homosexual -transgender

transgender

The _____ approach uses the native language as a bridge to English language instruction, where subjects are taught first in the native language. -immersion -transitional -maintenance -submersion

transitional

A textbook covers twentieth-century U.S. history without mentioning the continuing struggle for civil rights; and pictures throughout the text portray only harmonious relations between the races. This is an example of a form of bias known as: -unreality. -fragmentation. -imbalance. -stereotyping.

unreality.

Which of the following examples of a teacher's speech would most likely be considered a "matter of public concern"? -"I really think that the principal is out to get me. She always gives me the worst planning period and the worst duties." -"You know, I have heard that the football coach is secretly seeing someone other than his wife. I think the public needs to know this." -"I was reading some of the environmental data on the site where our new school is being built. It sits right next to a chemical cleanup zone controlled by an environment protection agency. I think people need to know about this." -"I think these dress code rules for teachers are ridiculous. I think that I'll call the media and report. Besides, this new principal needs to be 'brought down to size,' and this is a perfect way to do it!"

"I was reading some of the environmental data on the site where our new school is being built. It sits right next to a chemical cleanup zone controlled by an environment protection agency. I think people need to know about this."

Which of the following statements is true? -African Americans have the highest suicide rate of all racial and ethnic groups. -Suicidal behavior remains the same across gender and ethnic groups. -Females are three times more likely to attempt suicide than males. -Suicide is the most common cause of death among adolescents.

Females are three times more likely to attempt suicide than males.

Which of the following is true about gifted students? -Many gifted students drop out of school, instead of thriving at school. -About 15 percent students have been identified as academically gifted -Most of them experience school as a friendly place. -Many gifted students form separate social groups and try to isolate other students

Many gifted students drop out of school, instead of thriving at school.

Which of the following statements would most likely be made by a critic of middle school education? -Middle schools offer a more disciplined focus curriculum than K-8 schools. -Middle schools give excessive importance to academic rigor. -Middle schools over emphasize self-esteem building. -Middle schools ignore emotional and physical developmental growth of students.

Middle schools over emphasize self-esteem building.

A teacher's right to freedom of speech as a citizen, regarding matters of public concern is protected due to the holding in the -Edwards v. Aguilar case. -Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District case. -Bethel School District v. Fraser case. -Pickering v. Board of Education case.

Pickering v. Board of Education case.

Least-restrictive environment refers to: -ensuring appropriate segregation of children with disabilities in each school, and in every state. *allowing students with disabilities to be educated by their parents at home. -creating an atmosphere in which students with disabilities are not inappropriately segregated. -providing students with disabilities with specially trained teachers, assistive technologies, and access to other appropriate resources.

creating an atmosphere in which students with disabilities are not inappropriately segregated.

According to _____, the way to determine if an idea has merit is simple: Test it. If the idea works in the real world, then it has merit. -pragmatism -idealism -essentialism -perennialism

pragmatism

In the context of classroom behavior management, a teacher who is a good behavioral manager should: -give freedom to the students to leave the room without permission or go to the pencil sharpener at any time, so as to become popular among students. -enter the classroom late to allow the students to make noise and chat for a while. -teach standards or norms of student behavior actively and directly. -avoid posting rigid rules of classroom behavior and the consequences of not following them.

teach standards or norms of student behavior actively and directly.

One of the primary reasons that the No Child Left Behind Act was revamped was that: -the law had become too expensive to implement due to the high costs of standardized tests. -there was a political movement to eliminate the culture of testing that had developed in schools. -there was a push to return schools to the control of the taxpayers in their local districts and reduce the role of the federal government in schools. -there was little consistency in student performance from state to state.

there was little consistency in student performance from state to state.