Edpuzzle 1-8
On the Galapagos, birds with greater bill depth (larger beaks) are better at
cracking bigger seeds
During the industrial revolution, which color of peppered moth was most fit?
dark colored
What is natural selection?
differential reproductive success
In the Artificial Selection Lab, the second generation bar graph has the highest bars pushed to the right which is an example of
directional selection
When the most common average trait (for example, beak size) shifts to the left or to the right in a bell curve (becomes larger or smaller), this is called
directional selection
If the two extreme forms of a trait (for example, large beak and small beak) become more common than the average form (medium size beak), then this is called
disruptive selection
In 2011, blueberries were flowering __________ than they did in 1853 due to global warming.
earlier
Which of the following is NOT a type of selection (a mechanism for evolution)? natural sexual artificial equilibrium all answers are correct
equilibrium
A lack of genetic diversity in a population can lead to
extinction
In the Artificial Selection lab in our class, what trait will we select for in the Wisconsin Fast Plants (Brassica rapa)?
number of trichomes
If you are asked to solve for allele frequency, what variables will you consider?
p and q
Mr. Anderson describes an adaptation as a process which can include a
both of the other two answers are correct
Genetic drift causes evolution by
chance
What is evolution?
change in a group over time
In the artificial selection lab, the word "artificial" is used because the selection of which organisms will reproduce is made by
people
Phenotypes include
physical characteristics
Henry David Thoreau was a famous writer, but he was also a naturalist. From his journals, we have learned what date certain
plants flowered
What is a bee stick used for?
pollinate plants
After you have solved for q^2, your next goal is to solve for
q and p
In the Hardy-Weinberg Equation, p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1, which part of the equation represents homozygous recessive (aa)?
q^2
When asking about individuals, you will almost always start by solving for
q^2
When using the Hardy-Weinberg Equation, which of the following do we usually solve for first?
q^2
Genetic drift has the largest impact on _________ populations.
small
What size populations have less variation?
small
Change due to genetic drift takes place when there is a
small sample size
Which of the following would take a population out of equilibrium and cause the population to evolve (not be the same)? no mutations no selection no gene flow small sample size random mating
small sample size
The bottleneck effect is when a large population becomes
smaller
Variation or genetic diversity makes it probable that ________ members of a population will survive during a disease outbreak.
some
When the average form of a trait (for example, birth weight) become more common and the extremes (low and high birth weight) become less common, this is called
stabilizing selection
If you are prescribed antibiotics (to kill a bacterial infection), it is important that you
take all of the medicine that is prescribed or the bacteria will be more likely to become resistant to the antibiotic
People who are immune to HIV today, may be descended from people
that were once immune to the plague or small pox.
Why are the glaciers in Glacier National Park melting?
the Earth is getting warmer
Sexual dimorphism in a species is when
the female and male look significantly different
Sexual selection (a mechanism of evolution) is determined by
the mate's (female's) choice
Mutations (changes in the DNA) lead to changes in
the physical appearance
The smallest unit that can evolve is
the population
Devil facial tumor disease is a type of cancer that is contagious between Tasmanian devils due to _________________.
their lack of variation or difference between Tasmanian devils
In growing Fast Plants, how long does it take to go from seeds to the next generation of new seeds?
less than a month
After the bottleneck, the elephant seal skulls are ________ symmetrical.
less
The diversity in the DNA of the Northern elephant seal after the bottleneck is _____________ than the diversity of the DNA before the bottleneck.
lower
What disease do anopheles mosquitoes pass on?
malaria
Where do new (novel) traits come from?
mutations
Allele frequencies can range from
0 to 1
If (unlike the example shown in the video) there were 12 blue genes and 8 red genes, what would be the frequency of the blue/dominant allele or p?
0.6
If you have ____ copy(s) of the sickle cell anemia gene, then you cannot get malaria.
1
What does p + q equal?
1
In the Hardy-Weinberg Equation, 2pq stands for the frequency of ______________. (assuming we are using the "D" and "d" alleles)
Dd
After a typhoon, the population of people on the island of Pingelap dropped to ______, making them the new founding population of the island.
20
The delta-32 mutation, a recessive gene, gives humans protection from HIV infection. The allele frequency in a town in Sweden is 20% What percent of the population are less susceptible to the disease since they are heterozygous? (#2 from the video)
32%
Which of the following population sizes would have the least amount of drift (change in the frequency of the dominant (p) and recessive (q) alleles)?
5000
Given the following alleles: A (the dominant allele) and a (the recessive allele), which one would you use if you wanted to calculate p?
A
Heterozygote advantage is when the individual with the heterozygous genotype is most fit. Which of the following genotypes is heterozygous? (Look up the answer if you have forgotten.)
Aa
What is one result of having a mutation in the CCR5 embedded protein in your cell membranes?
HIV genetic material cannot enter your cells.
To calculate the percent of individuals in a population that are immune to HIV, you can use the
Hardey-Weinberg Equations
Why is Charles Darwin famous?
He gave us the mechanism for evolution.
You should be able to name an example of a population that went through a bottleneck. An example of such a population is the
Northern elephant seal
Why are spreadsheets beneficial?
Spreadsheets allow simulations to be completed quickly
Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of evolution? mutation all answers are correct gene flow selection genetic drift
all answers are correct
A gene pool is
all of the genes in a population in one scrambled group
What is a gene pool?
alleles in a population
Where is beneficial to have the sickle cell gene in a population?
an area where malaria is prevalent
Tuberculosis can be treated with
antibiotics
The _________ effect occurs when a small population moves to a new area.
founder
What trait did Mr. Anderson's class select for in the Artificial Selection lab?
height
Artificial selection, which has been used to breed for the great variation in dog breeds, has been caused by
human choice
In life, variation is
important
Over time the percent of people on Pingelap that have complete colorblindness is __________ as a result of the population being descended from a small population with little diversity and potential inbreeding.
increasing
The black-footed ferrets that are alive today are all descendants of the few black-footed ferrets that were raised in _________.
zoos