Edpuzzle 1-8

On the Galapagos, birds with greater bill depth (larger beaks) are better at

cracking bigger seeds

During the industrial revolution, which color of peppered moth was most fit?

dark colored

What is natural selection?

differential reproductive success

In the Artificial Selection Lab, the second generation bar graph has the highest bars pushed to the right which is an example of

directional selection

When the most common average trait (for example, beak size) shifts to the left or to the right in a bell curve (becomes larger or smaller), this is called

directional selection

If the two extreme forms of a trait (for example, large beak and small beak) become more common than the average form (medium size beak), then this is called

disruptive selection

In 2011, blueberries were flowering __________ than they did in 1853 due to global warming.

earlier

Which of the following is NOT a type of selection (a mechanism for evolution)? natural sexual artificial equilibrium all answers are correct

equilibrium

A lack of genetic diversity in a population can lead to

extinction

In the Artificial Selection lab in our class, what trait will we select for in the Wisconsin Fast Plants (Brassica rapa)?

number of trichomes

If you are asked to solve for allele frequency, what variables will you consider?

p and q

Mr. Anderson describes an adaptation as a process which can include a

both of the other two answers are correct

Genetic drift causes evolution by

chance

What is evolution?

change in a group over time

In the artificial selection lab, the word "artificial" is used because the selection of which organisms will reproduce is made by

people

Phenotypes include

physical characteristics

Henry David Thoreau was a famous writer, but he was also a naturalist. From his journals, we have learned what date certain

plants flowered

What is a bee stick used for?

pollinate plants

After you have solved for q^2, your next goal is to solve for

q and p

In the Hardy-Weinberg Equation, p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1, which part of the equation represents homozygous recessive (aa)?

q^2

When asking about individuals, you will almost always start by solving for

q^2

When using the Hardy-Weinberg Equation, which of the following do we usually solve for first?

q^2

Genetic drift has the largest impact on _________ populations.

small

What size populations have less variation?

small

Change due to genetic drift takes place when there is a

small sample size

Which of the following would take a population out of equilibrium and cause the population to evolve (not be the same)? no mutations no selection no gene flow small sample size random mating

small sample size

The bottleneck effect is when a large population becomes

smaller

Variation or genetic diversity makes it probable that ________ members of a population will survive during a disease outbreak.

some

When the average form of a trait (for example, birth weight) become more common and the extremes (low and high birth weight) become less common, this is called

stabilizing selection

If you are prescribed antibiotics (to kill a bacterial infection), it is important that you

take all of the medicine that is prescribed or the bacteria will be more likely to become resistant to the antibiotic

People who are immune to HIV today, may be descended from people

that were once immune to the plague or small pox.

Why are the glaciers in Glacier National Park melting?

the Earth is getting warmer

Sexual dimorphism in a species is when

the female and male look significantly different

Sexual selection (a mechanism of evolution) is determined by

the mate's (female's) choice

Mutations (changes in the DNA) lead to changes in

the physical appearance

The smallest unit that can evolve is

the population

Devil facial tumor disease is a type of cancer that is contagious between Tasmanian devils due to _________________.

their lack of variation or difference between Tasmanian devils

In growing Fast Plants, how long does it take to go from seeds to the next generation of new seeds?

less than a month

After the bottleneck, the elephant seal skulls are ________ symmetrical.

less

The diversity in the DNA of the Northern elephant seal after the bottleneck is _____________ than the diversity of the DNA before the bottleneck.

lower

What disease do anopheles mosquitoes pass on?

malaria

Where do new (novel) traits come from?

mutations

Allele frequencies can range from

0 to 1

If (unlike the example shown in the video) there were 12 blue genes and 8 red genes, what would be the frequency of the blue/dominant allele or p?

0.6

If you have ____ copy(s) of the sickle cell anemia gene, then you cannot get malaria.

1

What does p + q equal?

1

In the Hardy-Weinberg Equation, 2pq stands for the frequency of ______________. (assuming we are using the "D" and "d" alleles)

Dd

After a typhoon, the population of people on the island of Pingelap dropped to ______, making them the new founding population of the island.

20

The delta-32 mutation, a recessive gene, gives humans protection from HIV infection. The allele frequency in a town in Sweden is 20% What percent of the population are less susceptible to the disease since they are heterozygous? (#2 from the video)

32%

Which of the following population sizes would have the least amount of drift (change in the frequency of the dominant (p) and recessive (q) alleles)?

5000

Given the following alleles: A (the dominant allele) and a (the recessive allele), which one would you use if you wanted to calculate p?

A

Heterozygote advantage is when the individual with the heterozygous genotype is most fit. Which of the following genotypes is heterozygous? (Look up the answer if you have forgotten.)

Aa

What is one result of having a mutation in the CCR5 embedded protein in your cell membranes?

HIV genetic material cannot enter your cells.

To calculate the percent of individuals in a population that are immune to HIV, you can use the

Hardey-Weinberg Equations

Why is Charles Darwin famous?

He gave us the mechanism for evolution.

You should be able to name an example of a population that went through a bottleneck. An example of such a population is the

Northern elephant seal

Why are spreadsheets beneficial?

Spreadsheets allow simulations to be completed quickly

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of evolution? mutation all answers are correct gene flow selection genetic drift

all answers are correct

A gene pool is

all of the genes in a population in one scrambled group

What is a gene pool?

alleles in a population

Where is beneficial to have the sickle cell gene in a population?

an area where malaria is prevalent

Tuberculosis can be treated with

antibiotics

The _________ effect occurs when a small population moves to a new area.

founder

What trait did Mr. Anderson's class select for in the Artificial Selection lab?

height

Artificial selection, which has been used to breed for the great variation in dog breeds, has been caused by

human choice

In life, variation is

important

Over time the percent of people on Pingelap that have complete colorblindness is __________ as a result of the population being descended from a small population with little diversity and potential inbreeding.

increasing

The black-footed ferrets that are alive today are all descendants of the few black-footed ferrets that were raised in _________.

zoos