EDU FINAL

Which of the following is a characteristic of charter schools?

Charter schools can be closed down if they do not meet expectations

Proponents of core knowledge (or cultural literacy)

argue for a common course of study for all students

Which one is NOT a typical characteristic of charter schools? a. They receive public funding. b. Their charters are issued by the local or state school board. c. They usually include religious instruction in the curriculum. d. They do not need to conform to some state rules and regulations.

c. They usually include religious instruction in the curriculum

Which of the following statements is true about charter schools? a. Most Americans support charter schools. b. A charter school creates its own curriculum and hires its own staff.. c. All of the statements are true. d. Most charter schools are publicly funded and privately run, often by a for-profit corporation.

c. all true

If Barbara, a teacher, follows the principles of behaviorism, she believes that

positive reinforcement can be used to promote desired learning

eighteenth century edu.

reading, religion, morality, writing, arithmetic vocational skills open to females

According to the textbook, when teachers and principals have to remedy antiquated buildings, they give higher priority to

repairing lights and air conditioners

Essentialism

teacher-centered academically rigorous curriculum determined by admin and teachers

Perennialism

teacher-centered focus on concepts rather than facts

seventeenth century edu.

two "r"s males only reading and religion

property tax

unequal funding in schools

federal source

9% categorical grants block grants

A teacher's right to freedom of speech as a citizen, regarding matters of public concern, is protected due to the holding in the

Pickering v. Board of Education case

Identify an accurate statement about open enrollment.

Students become eligible to enroll in any public school with available space

Currently, state and local governments together are responsible for approximately what percentage of public school funding?

around 90%

Constructivism

centered on learner

Which of the following provides parents and students school choice?

charter schools, vouchers, open enrollment

categorical grants

directed at specific categories

green schools

education buildings that operate in harmony with the natural environment

The development of common core state standards that have been adopted in most states reflects the influence of

education commissions and committees

In San Antonio v. Rodriguez, the Supreme Court decided that

education was not a fundamental right

1980s edu.

elimination of electives

lottery

encourages gambling

equal protection

guarantees right to free public edu. protect from discrimination

According to Donald McCarty and Charles Ramsey, authors of The School Managers: Power and Conflict in American Public Education, a school board in a community dominated by a few powerful figures will seek out a superintendent who

has a functionary style

A teacher who believes in the existentialist philosophy of education believes schooling should

help students accept themselves as unique, responsible individuals

Learning that is not always intended but emerges as students are shaped by the school culture, including the attitudes and behaviors of teachers, is known as the

hidden curriculum

cumulative effect

limiting number of reproduced published works used

It is illegal for prospective employers to question an applicant's

marital status

Essentialists would be likely to place the most emphasis on

math and reading

state income tax

may cause businesses to leave the state

Which one of the following is a teacher-centered philosophy of education?

perennialism

early 20th century edu.

progressive edu. open to all students

Virtual schools

provide an online option for students

Behaviorism

reality based on scientific observation incremental learning

due process rights

schools act in place of parents

1940s-1960s edu.

science, math, languages, and guidance discipline oriented

nineteenth century edu.

secular Latin and English curriculum

state governments

set standard for schools outlines minimum curricular and graduation standards

What's the idea that society is an ingenious "sorting" system, one in which the more talented rise to the top, while those less deserving find themselves at the bottom of the social and economic pecking order?

social Darwinism

During the 1960's - 1970's, the focus of our schools' curriculum was on

social concerns with courses such as Women's Studies, Multicultural courses, Peace Studies

sales tax

takes larger % of income from people making less $

excise tax

taxes on cigarettes to fund schools

teacher's right to strike

varies many prohibit

Socratic Method

way of teaching developed by Socrates that used a question-and-answer format to force students to use their reason to see things for themselves repeated questioning

nonfeasance

when an individual fails to perform a legal duty

Tinker vs. Des Moines

wore black armbands to protest the vietnam war is free speech

local source

45% property tax bonds

state source

46% lottery state income tax sales tax excise taxes

block grants

$ given to states directly

textbook bias

- Invisibility: what you don't see makes a lasting impression - Stereotyping: shortcuts to bigotry - Imbalance and selectivity: a tale half told - Unreality: rose-colored glasses - Fragmentation/isolation: parts are less than the whole - Linguistic bias: words count - Cosmetic bias: shiny covers

State school system

1. state gov. 2. state board of edu. 3. chief state school officer and state department. of edu. 4. intermediate units 5. local boards of edu. 6. local superintendents and local school district central office 7. principals, teachers, parents, students

problems with SATs

1. tests can fail 2. teacher stress 3. shrink curriculum 4. higher score doesn't mean more learning 5. rationing time and resources 6. lower graduation rates 7. poorer students at greater risk

Cases such as Goss v. Lopez that deal with the proper procedures involving the disciplining and suspension of students would fall under the

14th Amendment

Who among the following promoted the doctrine of the Golden Mean, or the notion that virtue lies in a middle ground between two extremes?

Aristotle

Student newspapers written as part of a school journalism course should be viewed as part of the official school curriculum. This was a ruling by the Supreme Court in

Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeir

local school districts

Implement state regulations and policies Hire school personnel

The name most closely associated with Progressive education

John Dewey

Campbell's Law

The more important the test scores the more likelihood for cheating.

academic freedom

The opportunity for a teacher to teach without coercion, censorship, or other restrictive interference.

What is "stealth censorship"?

The voluntary removal of materials from a library or syllabus to preempt controversy.

Imagine a school where teachers do not have daily contact with one another and act independently, the school administration does not give due importance to effective communication with the students' families about the school's goals and expectations. They are vague about the goals of the school and focus on maintaining the status quo. This represents a failure of which element of the "five-factor theory of effective schools"?

a clear school mission

In theory, which of the following provides access to a wealth of online learning from pre-school to university, without brick-and-mortar costs like maintenance of buildings, playgrounds, parking lots, and the like?

a virtual school

A child who is expelled for bringing nail clippers to school is probably experiencing the consequence of

a zero tolerance policy

Which of the following statements is true about standardized tests? a. All statements are true. b. They require all test takers to answer the same questions, so that student and teacher performance can be compared. c. They are often used to determine punishments (like reduced school funding), accolades, or salary increases. d. They are used to make important decisions about students, educators, schools, or districts.

a. All statements are true

malfeasance

act that cannot be done lawfully regardless of how it is performed

No Child Left Behind

annual testing not a thing anymore

Textbook adoption states (where school districts are limited to state-approved textbooks)

are located mainly in the South and West

From the following, identify the most accurate statement about school superintendents. a. Generally, they are only responsible for relieving school boards of minor administrative obligations. b. They are usually the most powerful education officer in the school district. c. They are not responsible for recruiting, hiring, and firing personnel. d. They are always popular and are exempted from criticism when things go wrong.

b. They are usually the most powerful education officer in the school district

The use of a system of positive reinforcement to encourage desired behavior is based on

behaviorism

Who among the following believe that free will is an illusion and that human nature is shaped by the environment, unlike existentialists?

behaviorists

Which statement about the Supreme Court is TRUE? a. The Supreme Court has ruled that corporal punishment is not allowed in the schools b. The Supreme Court has ruled that during school hours students do not have any Due Process rights. c. The Supreme Court has ruled that zero-tolerance policies are not allowed in the schools d. The Supreme Court has ruled that corporal punishment can be authorized by the states.

d. The Supreme Court has ruled that corporal punishment can be authorized by the states

Since the early 1940, the number of school districts in the nation has

decreased

1990s edu.

expansion of core curriculum included more women and people of color

The influence of the business community in America's schools can best be characterized as

extensive

educational malpractice

failure to render a reasonable amount of care in the exercise of assigned duties with resultant injury or loss to another

brevity

fair use of copyrighted material

1960s-1970s edu.

gender based courses Peace Studies and Ecology

misfeasance

improper performance of a lawful act

The role of state governments in curricular decisions has

increased through state standards and tests, and frameworks for all schools to follow

spontaneity

insufficient time to obtain written permission

The principle protecting a teacher's right to teach without coercion, censorship, or other restrictive interference

is known as "academic freedom"

Courts have ruled that a teacher's right to academic freedom

is not absolute as students should learn only appropriate subject matter

In the context of common terms and typical situations related to teacher liability, which of the following terms refers to failure to conduct in an appropriate manner an act that might otherwise have been lawfully performed?

misfeasance

In funding schools, urban areas struggle the most, suffering not only from lower property values but also from the need to use those limited resources to fund more police officers, hospitals, subways, and other services than their suburban counterparts. This phenomenon is known as

municipal overburden

Paul Pratfall was a young teacher who meant well, but could be easily led off task—especially, when it came to afternoon hall duty. When the school dismissal bell rang, Paul's job was to make sure that the children walked safely and in a disciplined manner from the classrooms on his hall to the waiting school buses just beyond the front entrance. During Friday's duty, one of Paul's colleagues called out to him. "Hey, Paulie, come in here and check out the article in the paper about the big game tonight. You gotta see it!" At first, Paul hesitated, since he was on duty. Then, he went into his friend's classroom to read the article. After all, he figured that he would only be a minute or two. Paul had just begun to read the article when he heard a loud crash and an anguished cry. He and his colleague ran into the hall to find little Jeannie lying on the floor with her leg obviously broken. Based on this scenario, Paul would most likely be guilty of

nonfeasance

When a person or group decides that some topic is unimportant, inappropriate, too controversial, or not worth the time, that topic is never taught and becomes part of the

null curriculum

Those who support privatization argue that "For-Profit Schools" are a good idea because they will

offer focused programs and investor oversight that will lead to academic success

Who is most likely to be considered part of the "hidden school government"?

parents

Serrano vs. Priest

struck down the state's financing system as unconstitutional

Existentialism

student centered Sudbury Valley School no grading system

Progressivism

student centered experiential learning

Social Reconstructionism

student centered learn from meaningful social experiences

Educational Technology

technology used for educational purposes such as teaching and learning

Ethnocentrism is the

tendency to view one's own culture as superior to others

Open enrollment is the term given to

the elimination of the requirement that students attend the closest public school

The sequence of planned learning experiences described in course guides and lesson plans is called

the formal or explicit curriculum

A call for accountability in financing of schools means that

the public wants to see academic progress for their tax dollars

covert power

the unofficial power wielded in schools by parents, vocal individuals, a school secretary, businesses, community and other groups not a part of official school governance

corporal punishment

the use of physical force to discipline a child

Robin Hood Reformers

took funds from wealthy districts and redistributed to the poorer districts