Egyptian Art History Final

archaism

A style that is out of date in the common speech of an era, but still deliberately used by an artist for artistic purposes

Cartonnage

material consisting of linen or papyrus glued together in many thicknesses and usually coated with stucco.

Horpakhered (Harpocrates)

name means "Horus the Child"

Iunmutef

one manifestation of the god Horus, operating as his father's ritual provider

Was septer

represents dominion

cippus

small column used to mark burial location

Ba

spirit, represented as a bird

sarcophagus

stone, outermost coffin layer

God's Wife

the highest-ranking priestess of the Amun cult; the title is first attested in the Middle Kingdom, its full political potential was not realized until the advent of the Eighteenth Dynasty.

Bes

the short and fat god- He was very popular as he guarded children from evil spirits. He enjoyed singing and dancing; aka god of family.

Screen Wall

thin separation wall supporting nothing but itself

Modius

type of flat-topped cylindrical headdress or crown found in ancient Egyptian art and art of the Greco-Roman world. ... is worn by certain deities, including Mut, Eleusinian deities

Shendyt

type of royal kilt

Rempet

word for year

Djed

hieroglyph for endurance/stability

Sa

hieroglyph for protection, especially divine protection

Ammit

Devourer of souls

Heh

hyroglyph/symbol for one million

Thutmoside

Sculpture style associated with thutmose kings in middle 18th dynasty

Qualities of 25th dynasty

Tombs with lots of writing, white backgrounds wings in the headress, no hands or limbs very visible

Qualities of 21st dynasty

Tombs with yellow background, not a lot of negative space, more a focus on fitting a lot of gods instead to f having a specific set of gods, only hands visible

Nome

a city or legion of Egypt, what make up the country

Qersu

a fenced area (mostly situated in the temple precincts) reserved for the performance of cultic and magical rituals demanding the highest secrecy; ("burial" and associated words) is usually written with a hieroglyph of a coffin with a rounded top

Tyet

a magic knot that is often called the Knot of Isis

Evolution of Egyptian funerary art

coffins: place for deceased, seen as the womb of goddess nut, rebirth, protection when passing to the afterlife Eighteenth dynasty- scenes of deceased w/ offerings and praising underworld gods (Osiris), sons of Horus the standard Ex. The coffin of an unnamed man, sons of Horus and Anubis present Overtime worshipping became less popular, just deceased worshipping Third Intermediate: Ra-Horakty (ra/horus) often the god of choice, reference to the solar aspect of life Ex. Ra-Horakty in funerary stela of deniuenkhons Ptolemaic period: both underworld and solar gods Ex. Wrapped mummy with cartonnage trappings, moves from sky to underworld

Fecundity

figures that are personifications of natural occurrences, like the nile or flooding of the Nile, represent fertility (not just pregnancy fertility)