Electricity Chapter 1 and 3: Quiz 1
What is electricity
The flow of electrons
Heat as a way to create electricity
Thermocouples
Molecule
smallest part of a compound
Selenium
A semiconductor used in copiers because this material changes its conductivity due to a change of light intensity
Element
A substance that can not be chemically divided into two or more simpler substances
Photons
Can be produced when electrons move from one energy level to another
Second most common
Chemical "Action": involves the movement of entire ions, not just electrons
Electron Flow Therory
Electrons flow from neg to pos
Conventional Theory
Electrons flow from pos to neg
Matter
Has mass and occupies space
semiconductor
Have 4 valance electrons, when heated their resistance decreases. Before use, semiconductors must be DOPED to create a + or - state. Used in the construction of all solid-state devices. IE: diodes, transistors, integrated circuits
Pressure as a way yo produce electricity
IE: Wind and Water
Why static charges accumulate on insulator material
Insulators hold the electron stationary, keeping them from moving
LED
Light Emitting Diode, this is a semiconductor, no heat is emitted
Six Methods to Produce Electricity
Magnetism Chemical Reactions Pressure Heat Light Friction
Most common
Magnetism: Electromagnetic induction is the operating principle of all generators and alternators
What makes a conductor
Materials that contain 1-3 valance electrons; heat increases their resistance. IE: Copper, Aluminum, Silver and Gold
What makes an insulator
Materials with 7-8 valance electrons. IERubber, Plastic, Glass, Dry Wood
What is the Basic Law of Physics
Opposites Attract and Like Charges Repel
Light as it relates to the creation of electricity
Photons: Massless particles of pure energy. The energy of proton is given to the electron, forcing it out of it's orbit. IE: Sodium vapor lights, Mercury vapor lights...
Uses for static electricity
Sandpaper: particles recieve a + charge Copy Machines: use selenium to imprint an image Electronic air filters: air particles become +; plates are - Spray Painting a metal object: the metal is - and the paint is given a + charge
Atom
Smallest part of an element. Basic building blocks of the universe
Bump Theory
States that current flow is produced when an electron from one atom knocks electrons of another atom out of orbit
Friction to create electricity
Static charges
Why static electricity is not a current
Static electricity is still. It has a charge but does NOT move
Gluon
Subatomic particles thought to hold the nucleus of an atom together
Define Electrical Current
The Flow of Electrons
Atomic Number (What determines the type of element)
# of Protons in the Nucleus
