Electricity Chapter 1 and 3: Quiz 1

What is electricity

The flow of electrons

Heat as a way to create electricity

Thermocouples

Molecule

smallest part of a compound

Selenium

A semiconductor used in copiers because this material changes its conductivity due to a change of light intensity

Element

A substance that can not be chemically divided into two or more simpler substances

Photons

Can be produced when electrons move from one energy level to another

Second most common

Chemical "Action": involves the movement of entire ions, not just electrons

Electron Flow Therory

Electrons flow from neg to pos

Conventional Theory

Electrons flow from pos to neg

Matter

Has mass and occupies space

semiconductor

Have 4 valance electrons, when heated their resistance decreases. Before use, semiconductors must be DOPED to create a + or - state. Used in the construction of all solid-state devices. IE: diodes, transistors, integrated circuits

Pressure as a way yo produce electricity

IE: Wind and Water

Why static charges accumulate on insulator material

Insulators hold the electron stationary, keeping them from moving

LED

Light Emitting Diode, this is a semiconductor, no heat is emitted

Six Methods to Produce Electricity

Magnetism Chemical Reactions Pressure Heat Light Friction

Most common

Magnetism: Electromagnetic induction is the operating principle of all generators and alternators

What makes a conductor

Materials that contain 1-3 valance electrons; heat increases their resistance. IE: Copper, Aluminum, Silver and Gold

What makes an insulator

Materials with 7-8 valance electrons. IERubber, Plastic, Glass, Dry Wood

What is the Basic Law of Physics

Opposites Attract and Like Charges Repel

Light as it relates to the creation of electricity

Photons: Massless particles of pure energy. The energy of proton is given to the electron, forcing it out of it's orbit. IE: Sodium vapor lights, Mercury vapor lights...

Uses for static electricity

Sandpaper: particles recieve a + charge Copy Machines: use selenium to imprint an image Electronic air filters: air particles become +; plates are - Spray Painting a metal object: the metal is - and the paint is given a + charge

Atom

Smallest part of an element. Basic building blocks of the universe

Bump Theory

States that current flow is produced when an electron from one atom knocks electrons of another atom out of orbit

Friction to create electricity

Static charges

Why static electricity is not a current

Static electricity is still. It has a charge but does NOT move

Gluon

Subatomic particles thought to hold the nucleus of an atom together

Define Electrical Current

The Flow of Electrons

Atomic Number (What determines the type of element)

# of Protons in the Nucleus