Elimination System ATI

A nurse is providing information to a client about what may happen if their urinary tract infection (UTI) is not treated. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the information? a. "I can develop a kidney infection called pyelonephritis." b. "I might have urinary retention." c. "I might become incontinent." d. "I can develop functional incontinence."

a. "I can develop a kidney infection called pyelonephritis." If left untreated, UTIs can result in a more serious kidney infection called pyelonephritis. Clients may present with severe lower back pain, fevers, nausea, vomiting, or blood in their urine.

A nurse is caring for a female client who has a prescription for clean catch urine specimen. Which of the following statements by the client demonstrates an understanding of how to prove a urine specimen? a. "I need to wipe from front to back with a sanitary wipe." b. "I should place the urine sample cup in the refrigerator." c. "I will begin the urination process in the specimen cup." d. "I will urinate in the urine tray for the nurse to collect."

a. "I need to wipe from front to back with a sanitary wipe." Female clients should be instructed to use sanitary wipes to clean the genital area from front to back.

A nurse is teaching a client about diagnostic urinary testing. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching about cystometric testing? a. Cystometric testing measures bladder capacity, pressure, and final capacity when the urge to urinate begins b. Cystometric testing measures urine speed and volume c. Cystometric testing measures bladder pressure when urinary leakage occurs d. Cystometric testing measure electrical activity of the muscles and nerves of the bladder and spincters

a. Cystometric testing measures bladder capacity, pressure, and final capacity when the urge to urinate begins Cystometric testing involves measuring bladder capacity, the pressure of the bladder during filling, and the final capacity when the urge to urinate begins.

A nurse is preparing to collect a urine sample for urinalysis using a reagent strip. The nurse should identify that the reagent strip can detect substances that are consistent with which of the following conditions? a. Diabetes b. Colon cancer c. Pancreatitis d. Pregnancy

a. Diabetes Urine concentration, protein, glucose, ketones, bilirubin, leukocytes, nitrites, and blood can also be tested with a urinalysis.

A nurse is planning care for a client who reports blood in their stool. Which of the following tests should the nurse anticipate the provider ordering? a. Fecal occult blood test b. Stool culture c. Flexible sigmoidoscopy d. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

a. Fecal occult blood test A fecal occult blood test (FOBT) is a test used to check stool for blood, which is often not visible.

A nurse is planning care for a client who has a new colostomy. Which of the following complications should the nurse plan to monitor for? a. Hernia b. Gastroesphoageal reflux disease c. Crohn's disease d. Ulcerative colitis

a. Hernia Complications of fecal diversions include hernia, electrolyte imbalance, blockage, prolapse, diarrhea, and infection.

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has persistent diarrhea. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as risk factors? (Select all that apply.) a. History of irritable bowel syndrome b. A shortened urethra c. Cardiovascular disease d. Consumes large amount of dairy in their diet e. Currently taking antibiotics for an infection

a. History of irritable bowel syndrome d. consumes large amount of dairy e. Currently taking antibiotics for an infection History of irritable bowel syndrome is correct. A client who experiences irritable bowel syndrome is at an increased risk for developing persistent diarrhea.A shortened urethra is incorrect. A client who has a shortened urethra is at an increased risk for developing urinary tract infections.Cardiovascular disease is incorrect. A client who has cardiovascular disease is at an increased risk for developing kidney failure.Consumes large amounts of dairy in their diet is correct. A client who consumes large amounts of dairy in their diet is at an increased risk for developing persistent diarrhea.Currently taking antibiotics for an infection is correct. A client who takes certain medications, such as antibiotics, is at an increased risk for developing diarrhea.

A nurse is caring for a group of clients who are at risk for an alteration in urinary elimination. Which of the following groups should the nurse identify as being at an increased risk? (Select all that apply.) a. Uncircumcised infants b. School-age children c. Middle adults d. Older adults e. Young adults

a. Uncircumcised infants b. School-age children d. Older adults Uncircumcised infants is correct. Infants prior to age 1 who have not been circumcised are at a greater risk for alterations in urinary elimination. School-age children is correct. Children are at higher risk for an alteration in urinary elimination. One of the most common infections in children are urinary tract infections.Middle adults is incorrect. Middle adults are not at high risk for alterations in urinary elimination.Older adults is correct. Older adults are at higher risk of alterations in their urinary elimination, such as urinary incontinence. Young adults is incorrect. Young adults are not at higher risk for alterations in urinary elimination.

A nurse is planning care for a client who has an order for urinalysis. Which of the following tests should the nurse anticipate being ordered if the presence of white blood cells in detected on urinalysis? a. Urine culture b. Bladder scan c. 24-hour urine d. Stool culture

a. Urine Culture A urine culture is used to evaluate urine for the presence of bacteria and yeast. The test is commonly ordered in addition to a urinalysis to confirm the presence of bacteria in urine revealed on the urine dipstick.

A nurse is teaching a client about foods that can irritate the bladder. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I will be able to drink chocolate milk" b. "I should avoid fruits that are acidic" c. "I will need to switch from regular soda to diet soda" d. "I can still use jalapeño peppers when cooking"

b. "I should avoid fruits that are acidic" Bladder irritants such as alcohol, acidic fruits, chocolate, soda, and spicy foods should be avoided.

A nurse is educating a client about a new temporary ileostomy. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "My ileostomy has an internal reservoir that collects waste." b. "My ileostomy is allowing my colon time to heal from the surgery." c. "My ileostomy must be accessed with a catheter to drain the waste." d. "My ileostomy is designed to be a permanent solution."

b. "My ileostomy is allowing my colon time to heal from the surgery." Ileostomies can be reversed once the colon has had time to heal.

A nurse it is caring for a client who has constipation and requires an enema. Which of the following actions should the nurse take when administering the enema solution? a. Instruct the client to lie on their right side with their left leg pulled to their chest b. Instruct the client to lie on their left side with their right leg pulled to their chest c. Instruct the client to lie on their side with both legs pulled up to their chest d. Instruct the client to lie on their right side with both legs pulled to their chest

b. Instruct the client to lie on their left side with their right leg pulled to their chest For enema use, clients are instructed to lie on their left side and place their right leg up to their chest. The enema is inserted through the anus and into the rectum and sigmoid colon. The plastic container is then squeezed until all of its contents have been emptied.

A nurse is assessing a client who has stress incontinence. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect with this client? a. Urine leakage prior to reaching the toilet b. Urine leakage following coughing c. Urine leakage as a result of nerve damage d. Urine leakage due to not reaching the toilet in time from physical impairment

b. Urine leakage as a result of coughing Stress incontinence is a leakage of urine when the client engages in coughing, sneezing, laughing, or physical activity due to increased pressure on the bladder.

A nurse is caring for client who reports occasionally having dark, tea-colored urine at home. The nurse identifies that which of the following activities can contribute to this finding? a. Attending a yoga class b. Consuming alcohol c. Drinking 2,000 mL of a fluid in a day d. Consuming fish for dinner

b. consuming alcohol Dark urine is a sign of urine concentration and can be a sign of dehydration. Certain beverages, however, can increase urine production. Alcohol and caffeinated beverages such as cola, coffee, and tea all increase urine production and can be dehydrating if not balanced with water consumption.

A nurse is assessing a client who has an indwelling urinary catheter and determines that the catheter is in place and functioning properly. The nurse should expect which of the following findings. a. dark yellow, cloudy urine b. pale yellow, clear urine c. Urine with a strong odor d. Urine with a slight red tint

b. pale yellow, clear urine In a healthy person, urine is light yellow, clear, and without cloudiness.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for a vitamin K injection. The nurse should identify that vitamin K is naturally produced in which of the following locations in the body? a. The small intestine b. The large intestine c. The esophagus d. The stomach

b. the large intestine Bacteria within the large intestine produce Vitamin K, a nutrient important for blood clotting and strong bones.

A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about urinary retention. Which of the following clients should the nurse include as having an increased risk of this condition? a. A client who has an enlarged uterus b. A client who experiences frequent urinary tract infections c. A client who has an enlarged prostate d. A client who has chronic hypertension

c. A client who has an enlarged prostate A client who has an enlarged prostate is more likely to experience urinary retention.

a nurse is caring with suspected dehydration. For which of the following findings should the nurse monitor this client? a. Oral temperature of 36.4 C (97.5F) b. Light yellow urine c. Dry mucous membranes d. Diaphoresis

c. Dry mucous membranes Dehydration is a decrease in fluid volume leading to a negative fluid balance. Dry mucous membranes or a dry mouth are manifestations of dehydration.

A nurse is caring for a client who has constipation. Which of the following diets should the nurse encourage the client to follow? a. Low fat b. High protein c. High fiber d. Low carbohydrate

c. High Fiber A client who has constipation should be placed on a high-fiber diet.

A nurse is reviewing a client's list of medications and supplements. Which of the following medication classifications increases the risk of constipation? a. Magnesium-containing antacids b. Antibiotics c. Narcotic pain medications d. Beta blockers

c. Narcotic pain medication Medications used to treat pain, such as narcotics, can slow gastric motility and increase the risk of constipation.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a colostomy and does not wear a colostomy pouch. Which of following actions should the nurse anticipate performing on this client to maintain expected bowel function? a. Administer an enema b. Administer a laxative c. Perform colostomy irrigation d. Insert a rectal tube

c. Perform colostomy irrigation Colostomy irrigation acts as a type of bowel training to help prevent passage of stool at other times and reduces the client's need to wear a colostomy pouch.

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving antibiotic treatment for a urinary tract infection and is experiencing diarrhea. Which of the following should the nurse identify as a potential cause for diarrhea? a. The antibiotic dose is not correct, and the provider should be alerted b. The antibiotic interferes with the client's ability to absorb nutrient c. The antibiotic eliminates the healthy gastrointestinal bacteria, allowing harmful bacteria to grow d. The antibiotic decreases a client's immunity Lebel, result in diarrhea

c. The antibiotic eliminates the healthy gastrointestinal bacteria, allowing harmful bacteria to grow The GI tract contains bacteria that live naturally within the body to promote health. When antibiotics are needed to treat bacterial infections, a side effect may be the loss of healthy bacteria within the GI tract. This loss allows other bacteria to multiply, causing diarrhea.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a stone in the right ureter that is obstructing the flow or urine. Which of the following urinary diversions should the nurse anticipate the client will need? a. Urostomy b. Continent cutaneous reservoir c. Ureteral stent d. Neobladder

c. Ureteral stent Ureteral stent placement allows the passage of urine when a ureter is blocked from either a stone, mass, scar tissue, inflammation, or infection.

A nurse is evaluating a client's bladder training program. Which of the following statements by the client indicates the bladder training was successful? a. "I am having accident daily." b. "I am voiding a small amount when I visit the bathroom." c. "I continue to visit the bathroom every hour." d. "I am experiencing less than one urinary accident per week."

d. "I am experiencing less than one urinary accident per week." Clients who have overactive bladders tend to visit the bathroom more frequently, despite the need to void, to avoid accidents. In doing so, clients inadvertently train the bladder to send messages to the brain that it is full when it is not. When clients bladder train, they reteach the bladder when to send messages to the brain, thus avoiding accidents.

A nurse is providing postoperative instructions for a client who had kidney stone removal and placement of a nephrostomy tube. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the instructions? a. "This tube will keep my ureters open in case of another stone." b. "This tube will remain permanently because I can't empty my bladder." c. "This tube goes directly into my bladder." d. "This tube is only temporary."

d. "This tube is only temporary." This type of diversion is usually temporary and is removed once the kidney has healed.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a history of irritable bowel syndrome and repots that their last bowel movement was 5 days ago. The nurse should identify this was which of the following types of altered elimination pattern? a. Encopresis b. Diarrhea c. Fecal incontinence d. Constipation

d. Constipation Constipation is a condition that slows the production of stool. It can result in dry, hard-to-pass bowel movements and gives a sensation of incomplete emptying or passing of stool.

A nurse is preparing to insert a nasogastric tube into a client for decompression. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform first? a. Measure the tube from the client's ear to the xiphoid b. Insert the tube while the client takes sips of water c. Connect the nasogastric tube to suction d. Ensure the client is in a sitting position

d. Ensure the client is in a sitting position When inserting a nasogastric tube, the nurse should first encourage the client to sit up to reduce the chance of vomiting and aspiration.

A nurse is educating a client who has paraplegia about urinary catheter use. Which of the following catheter types should the nurse include in the teaching to help facilitate urinary elimination for this client? a. Suprapubic catheter b. Indwelling catheter c. Condom catheter d. Intermittent catheter

d. Intermittent Catheter Clients who have paraplegia will often utilize intermittent catheters in conjunction with bladder training to avoid urinary accidents due to the lack of bladder sensation from paralysis.

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who is experiencing urinary leakage. Which of the following is an expected age-related change that can contribute to this occurrence? a. Reduced blood supply b. Loss of kidney tissue c. Loss of nephrons d. Loss of bladder tone

d. Loss of bladder tone With advancing age there is a loss of bladder tone, which can lead to issues such as urinary leakage, incontinence, or retention.

A nurse is reviewing the primary function of the urinary tract with a group of newly licensed nurses. Which of the following information should the nurse include? a. The urinary tract regulate the production of red blood cells b. The Urinary tract produces hormones for blood pressure regulation c. The urinary tract keeps bones strong d. The urinary tract eliminates waste and excess fluid from the body

d. The urinary tract eliminates waste and excess fluid form the body The primary function of the urinary tract is to eliminate waste and excess fluid from the body in the form of urine.