Embalming Compend

Which of the following serve to protect humans from infection during life?

Blood brain barrier And Epithelial barriers

Livor mortis is synonymous with:

Cadaveric Lividity

You notice the abdominal cavity is distended with gas pressure. Further, you detect a foul odor. We know that the proteins of the body decompose, putrefactive odors become apparent. Three compounds are responsible for the odor. Which of the following is one of these compounds?

Cadaverine

Action of CH20 (formaldehyde) on protein

Coagulation

The climate condition which aids the embalmer to achieve 'naturalness' of the embalmed body

Cold and moist

What common procedure would be used when embalming an autopsy case?

Continuous aspiration of cavities

Which will affect the central nervous system?

Creutzfeldt-Jakob

The movement of embalming fluid into tissues through capillary walls:

Diffusion

Syneresis means

Drawing together to contract

Which discoloration is antemortem and extravascular?

Ecchymosis

The injection pressure is defined as the force necessary to stop osmosis

False

What form should be achieved with lip closure?

Five arc

Hematoma

Flood filled swelling

The "Father of Embalming" was

Frederich Ruysch

High moisture content in a body may be successfully reduced with a:

Hypertonic solution

What should be done when embalming a non-viewable body that cannot be arterially embalmed?

Hypodermically inject a % solution

Which of the following is also considered an agonal change?

Hypostasis

Signs of decomposition may include all of the following except

Imbibition

Drainage recommended or use in cases with vascular disorders

Intermittent

The axillary artery begins as the continuation of the subclavian artery at the

Lateral border of the first rib

The following discoloration usually can be removed by venous drainage

Livor mortis

Mouth closure with dentures and gum disease

Mandibular suture

Which type of bacteria prefer moderate temperatures?

Mesophiles

The embalmer identifies which of the following as signs of diffusion? 1. Tissue fixation 2. Drying of tissues 3. Distension of superficial vessels 4. Reduction of intravascular blood discoloration

O 1&2

The optimum temperature for rigor mortis to take place

O 98 to 100 degrees F

The correct pressure to use when embalming the body is that pressure which

O Is sufficient to overcome the vascular resistance

What procedure should be employed when embalming a body with vascular difficulties?

O Utilize a restricted cervical injection

Considering the contents of the abdomen, the nine-region method, which of the following is located in the Right Inguinal Region?

O cecum, appendix

Edematous areas can sometimes be treated by

Oinjecting stronger arterial solutions.

Disinfectant and preservative agent in hardening compounds?

Paraformaldehyde

The hardening agent in hardening compounds is

Plaster of Paris

What is used in embalming hardening compounds to help in dehydrating tissue?

Plaster of Paris

Most permanent discoloration

Postmortem extravascular

Phenol in embalming fluid

Preservative/disinfectant

What procedure may be used to return an emancipated case to normal contour and moisture?

Restricted drainage

Which of the following must the employer obtain for all hazardous chemicals in the work place and also maintain in a place where the employee will have access to ther while in the work area?

Safety data sheets

What should be done when arterial embalming has been delayed?

Start with a mild solution and strengthen as you proceed

Embalming with a black eye

Strong fluid, low pressure

What does not influence the choice of an artery

Temperature of body

Which of the following is NOT a cause of extravascular resistance to fluid distribution?

Thickened blood

What is hydrogen peroxide used for on a dead body

Topical bleach and disinfectant

What is considered an invasive procedure when preparing an un-embalmed body for viewing?

Using a suture for mouth closure

Any traumatic or pathological change in the skin is called

a lesion

The escape of blood serum from an intravascular to an extravascular location is

agonal edema

A fractured ethmoid bone may cause the post embalmed purge of

brain matter

Arteriosclerosis is a condition caused by the presence of in arterial tunics.

calcium deposits

A condition which favors edema is

carbon monoxide poisoning

Which of the following will accelerate the rate of natural decomposition?

corpulence

The most positive sign of death is

decomposition

High index fluids generally cause

definite firming

The embalmer can differentiate between postmortem stain and cadaver lividity by:

digital pressure on the skin

What type of cavity treatment involves the making of an incision from the xiphoid process of the sternum to the pubic symphysis of the pelvic girdle?

direct incision

How can an extravascular discoloration be dealt with during the embalming process?

discolorations can be lessened by adding a bleaching agent to the arterial fluid

Which of the following is a reliable sign of fluid distribution?

distention in the superficial vessels

In which of the following cases will decomposition develop most rapidly?

edematous cases

Which of the following is an example of an intravascular resistance to fluid distribution?

embolism

A toxin produced by a microorganism and excreted into its surrounding medium, generally protein in nature.

exotoxin

Acute, deep-seated inflammation, which usually begins as a subcutaneous swelling in a hair follicle.

furuncle

Which of the following causes a post-mortem extravascular blood discoloration?

hemoglobin decomposition

Absorption of the fluid portion of blood by the tissues after death, resulting in postmortem edema.

imbibition

After the embalming process is complete, you attempt to terminally disinfect your work environment. You are planning to sanitize the are with a solution containing hypochlorite. However, you first notice a volume of cavity fluid (containing formaldehyde) has spilled on the floor, which of the following is most prudent?

immediately rinse the area with water. Contact between the formaldehyde and hypo chlorite may result in the formation of bischloramethyl ether (BCME), a known carcinogen

Emaciated areas may be treated by

injection of massage cream.

The method of drainage in relation to injection is continued and drainage is taken at intervals is the method

intermittent

This suture is used to to gather in and turn under excess tissues. The pattern is the same as the single intradermal suture, except that the stitches are made parallel to the incision edges and do not pierce the margins of the incision

inversion suture

Which of the following treatments would be used for the embalming of a dehydrated body?

large volume of a dilute solution

In injecting an infant case by way of the heart, which chamber of the heart is considered most appropriate to insert the arterial tube for best results?

left ventricle

In cases of emaciation, secondary dilution would be

less than usual

Which test for death involves the discoloration of the distal part of the finger or toe?

ligature test

A living organism or an object that is capable of transmitting infections by carrying the disease agent on its external body parts or surface.

mechanical vector

Special cranial cavity treatment is indicated in cases of

meningitis

Which of the following is an example of a perfuming agent often used in embalming fluid?

methyl salicylate

You are preparing to embalm the body of an obese female decedent. Death resulted from a ruptured aortic aneurysm. Areas of the face and hands exhibit an abundance of moisture (edema). The postmortem interval is three hours. You are now ready to inject the arterial solution. To achieve arterial embalming success, you are most likely to use which of the following injection techniques?

multipoint (six point) injection

Which of these is the most accurate classification of livor mortis?

post mortem intravascular blood discoloration

A postmortem discoloration brought about by the rupture of the red blood cells and a release of their contents into the tissues is

postmortem stain

Collodion

resinous sealer

Organisms that survive on dead tissue

saprophyte

You notice the muscles of the extremities are flaccid. Most likely the body is in the stage of rigor mortis.

secondary flaccidity

Embalming solution has a tendency to find direct routes from arterioles to the venules or through only portions of the capillaries in the region around the injection site and thus spills into the drainage. This can account for over embalming of the area near the injection site and loss of a great amount of arterial solution through drainage. This reality is known as

short circuiting

The cooling of a body of a corpulent person would be

slower

Which of the following blood vessels is NOT suitable for the injection of arterial fluids into a small infant?

superior vena ava

The component of arterial fluid which is designed to decrease the molecular cohesion at the surface of a liquid is a

surfactant

Which of the following actions would help normalize the moisture content of an emaciated body?

the slow injection of a mild solution

The common action of phenol, formalin, and sodium hypochlorite on the tissues of the body

they all are capable of bleaching the tissue

Which of the following would be the most likely to cause intravascular resistance to fluid distribution?

thrombi

Which of these provides extravascular resistance to fluid distribution?

tumors

Which of the following are embalming concerns with respect to hard water?

variations in rigidity none of these inactivates the anti clotting elements in arterial fluid may unite with the arterial fluid ingredlents to form insoluble particles of sufficient size to occlude the capillaries

The conversion of bilirubin to biliverdin is similar to

yellow to green

Which treatments are recommended for embalming an edematous body? 1. Use a hypertonic solution 2. Use a hypotonic solution 3. Use greater than average strength of HCHO or other preservative solution 4. Use lesser than average strength of HCHO or other preservative solution 5. Use multi-point injection if necessary

• 1,3 & 5

The center of blood drainage in embalming is the

* right atrium of the heart

An embalmer working on a decomposed body should: 1. Use restricted cervical injection 2. Use low water or waterless embalming 3. Add dye for a tracer 4. Use a higher than average strength embalming solution 5. Use hypodermic injection where needed

1-5

What solution index should be used on a dehydrated body?

1.5

Fluid diffusion results from which of the following? 1. Reverse osmosis 2. Osmosis 3. Dialysis 4. Pressure filtration

2,3 & 4

Postmortem stain: 1. Is a postmortem physical change. 2. Is an extravascular discoloration be fluid distribu 3. Is an intravascular discoloration that can be cleared with fluid distribution. 4. Creates a false sign of fluid distribution because the tissue may look embalmed. 5. Necessitates the use of opaque cosmetics for concealment on viewed areas.

2,4 & 5

An eight pound baby at birth, how much of the weight would be from water?

6 lbs

Which of the following would NOT be used as a restorative treatment for buck teeth?

A cavity fluid compress