EMR Chp 8-9 quiz

Seizures that are characterized by a brief lapse of consciousness, eye blinking, and a vacant stare are called:

absence seizures.

If you are not sure whether a conscious patient is experiencing insulin shock or diabetic coma, you should:

administer a sugar substance.

You are the first medically trained person to arrive at the residence of a middle-aged woman who, according to her husband, is not acting right. The patient is conscious but confused. The left side of her face does not move as well as the right side, and her speech is slurred. Initial care for this patient should include:

administering oxygen if it is available.

The purpose of noting the mechanism of injury (MOI) is to:

allow you to predict what injuries the patient may have.

The MOST important aspect of standard precautions is:

anticipating the type of standard precautions needed before arriving at the scene.

Immediately following a seizure, the patient is often:

anxious, confused, or hostile.

Cardiac arrest following a heart attack is MOST likely to occur if the:

area of heart muscle supplied by the blocked artery is large.

Which of the following conditions would progressive atherosclerosis be the LEAST likely to cause?

arterial rupture

A pulse can be felt anywhere on the body where a:

artery passes over a hard surface such as a bone.

If a patient is unconscious, the quickest way to ascertain his or her medical history is to:

ask family members or friends about the patient's medical history.

A law enforcement officer requests medical assistance for a 22-year-old man whom the officer pulled over for reckless driving. You arrive approximately 8 minutes before responding paramedics. The patient is conscious but clearly confused. His speech is slurred and he appears to be drunk. You should:

ask the patient if he has a history of diabetes.

Inhalation of vomitus or other secretions into the lungs is called:

aspiration.

You arrive at a residence shortly after a 39-year-old diabetic patient's seizure has stopped. The patient is unconscious, and an ambulance staffed by two emergency medical technicians (EMTs) is en route to the scene. You should:

assess for a pulse and support breathing.

The purpose of the secondary assessment is to:

assess for non-life-threatening conditions after immediate life threats have been identified and corrected during the primary assessment.

When examining a conscious patient's chest, it is important to:

assess for unequal motion of one side or section of the chest.

You are dispatched to a residence for a 59-year-old man who complains of weakness, a fever, and vomiting. He tells you that he began feeling this way a few hours after his dialysis treatment. In addition to administering oxygen, you should:

assess his vital signs and be prepared to treat him for shock.

The MOST effective way to assess a small child's level of responsiveness is to:

assess the child's interaction with his or her environment.

You are dispatched to a residence for a patient with an altered mental status. Your initial action should be to:

assess the scene for safety hazards.

A 60-year-old man complains of severe chest pressure that feels like a vise around his chest. His skin is cool and moist, and he is short of breath and very anxious. The patient tells you that he has taken three nitroglycerin tablets, but the pain has not been relieved. You should:

assume that he is having a heart attack and arrange for prompt transport to an appropriate medical facility.

A condition characterized by a sudden spasm of the smaller air passages in the lungs is called:

asthma.

When treating a patient who has a hemodialysis shunt in his or her arm, it is important to:

avoid taking a blood pressure in the arm that has the shunt.

When caring for a conscious patient, it is MOST important to:

avoid telling the patient that everything will be all right.

Patients with deeply pigmented skin may show color changes in all of the following locations, EXCEPT the:

back of the hands.

If a patient with dyspnea is breathing too slowly or too rapidly, you should:

be prepared to assist the patient's breathing.

It is usually best to collect a medical history on a patient who is experiencing a medical problem:

before you perform a secondary patient assessment.

If you are unable to feel a carotid pulse in an unconscious, nonbreathing adult within 5 to 10 seconds, you should:

begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) at once.

Which of the following is NOT a reason for obtaining a patient's medical history?

to obtain a diagnosis of the patient's current illness or injury

If you are unable to determine what is causing a patient's altered level of consciousness, you should:

treat the patient based on his or her signs and symptoms.

When treating a patient who complains of dyspnea, the EMR's primary focus should be on:

treating the patient's signs and symptoms.

When opening the airway of an unconscious injured patient, you should:

use the jaw-thrust maneuver.

The MOST effective way to report your patient assessment findings to other medical personnel is to:

use the same systematic approach you followed during the assessment.

When determining the events that preceded a patient's illness or injury, you should ask the patient:

what he or she was doing when the episode began.

When placing a patient on a backboard, you should examine his or her back:

while the patient is rolled on his or her side.

Decreased circulation to a part of or all of the body will manifest with skin that is:

white.

Identifying potential exit routes at an emergency scene is MOST important because:

you may need to exit the area rapidly if the scene becomes unsafe.

You respond to a nursing home for an elderly woman with difficulty breathing. When you enter the patient's room, you find her lying in bed. She has dried blood around her mouth and is making a gurgling sound when she breathes. A staff nurse tells you that the patient has a history of high blood pressure and two heart attacks. Responding paramedics are en route. What should you do first?

Place the patient in a sitting position.

Which of the following is an example of an MOI finding?

a broken windshield following a motor vehicle crash

Normal capillary refill time is:

2 seconds or less.

Which of the following statements regarding blood pressure is correct?

A blood pressure cuff that is too small for the patient may give a falsely high reading.

Which of the following statements regarding assessment of a patient's extremities is FALSE?

Ask the patient to move a limb only if it appears to be injured.

Which of the following statements regarding respiratory problems is correct?

Asthma produces wheezing during exhalation.

Which of the following is NOT a question that you would normally ask when obtaining a SAMPLE history?

Do any of your relatives have any medical problems?

Which of the following statements regarding the general impression is correct?

Do not allow the general impression to block out later information that may lead you in another direction.

Which of the following statements regarding seizures is correct?

Grand mal seizures generally last between 1 and 2 minutes.

Which of the following statements regarding nitroglycerin is correct?

Nitroglycerin usually relieves anginal chest pain within 5 minutes.

A patient with an altered mental status has experienced:

a gradual or sudden decrease in his or her level of responsiveness.

After completing your assessment and providing patient care, what should you do if the responding EMS unit is delayed?

Perform ongoing reassessment.

The MOST common cause of seizures in infants and young children is:

a sudden high fever.

The____________ pulse is located on the inner aspect of the ankle just behind the ankle bone. _posterior tibial

Radial

When performing your reassessment of a patient, it is MOST important to remember that:

Serious changes can occur rapidly

Which of the following statements regarding a stroke is correct?

Stroke patients who appear to be unconscious may be able to hear.

Which of the following statements regarding the MOI is correct?

The MOI can provide clues, but it cannot be used to determine which injuries a particular patient has.

Which of the following statements regarding the patient's chief complaint is correct?

The chief complaint may not be the patient's most serious problem.

Which of the following statements regarding the scene size-up is correct?

The scene size-up begins before you arrive at the actual scene of the emergency.

Compared to a symptom, a sign is something that:

You can observe in a patient

Cardiac arrhythmias or cardiac arrest in patients receiving hemodialysis is MOST often the result of:

abnormal electrolyte levels.

You arrive at an office building shortly after a 29-year-old man had a seizure. During your assessment, you determine that the patient is unresponsive and is breathing very slowly with minimal chest rise. You should:

begin mouth-to-mask rescue breathing.

Most strokes are caused by a:

blood clot that lodges in an artery in the brain.

During CHF, congestion of blood occurs in the:

blood vessels.

Insulin shock occurs when the:

body has enough insulin but not enough blood glucose.

Following physical exertion, you would expect a patient's pulse to be:

bounding.

A major sign or symptom of CHF is:

breathing difficulty.

When caring for a patient who appears to be unconscious, you should:

call the patient in a tone of voice that is loud enough for him or her to hear.

Angina pectoris is a condition that occurs when:

cardiac oxygen demand exceeds supply.

The circulatory status of an extremity is assessed by:

checking the pulse and capillary refill time.

After opening the airway of an unconscious elderly woman, you discover that there are thin secretions in her mouth. You should:

clear her airway with suction.

Shock and blood vessel damage can lengthen normal capillary refill time. In addition, a patient's capillary refill time will be longer if he or she is:

cold.

When a light is shone into a patient's pupil, the pupil should:

constrict.

The heart receives its oxygen supply from the:

coronary arteries.

A stroke is MOST accurately defined as:

damage or death of a portion of the brain as a result of a lack of oxygen..

Emphysema is caused by:

damage to the alveoli in the lungs.

Common signs and symptoms of insulin shock include all of the following, EXCEPT:

deep, rapid breathing.

The scene size-up and general impression of the patient will MOST likely help you:

determine whether the patient has experienced trauma or illness.

Which of the following is NOT a component of the scene size-up?

determining whether the patient is sick or injured

The condition in which the body is unable to process and use glucose that is carried by the bloodstream to the cells is called:

diabetes.

The abdomen is separated from the chest by the:

diaphragm.

Upon arriving at the scene of an overturned tanker truck, you see green liquid leaking from the vehicle. The driver, who is still in the truck, appears to be unconscious and is bleeding heavily from the head. After requesting the appropriate personnel, you should:

ensure that you, your partner, and bystanders are at a safe distance.

The Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale is a tool that assesses:

facial droop, arm drift, and abnormal speech.

Congestive heart failure (CHF) is caused by:

failure of the heart to pump adequately.

The patient assessment sequence consists of all of the following components, EXCEPT:

family medical history.

You are assessing the lower extremities of a young male who fell approximately 20 feet from a roof. His left leg is obviously deformed and he is in severe pain. You should:

feel the temperature of his foot and check the posterior tibial pulse.

Which of the following signs would you NOT expect to find in a patient with CHF?

flat neck veins

Red skin color is said to be:

flushed.

Common signs and symptoms of diabetic coma include:.

fruity breath odor.

A 60-year-old man complains of a sudden onset of tearing abdominal pain and pain in his shoulder. He has a history of high blood pressure and diabetes. The patient is conscious and alert, but is very anxious. You should:

gently place him in a comfortable position.

You respond to the home of a known diabetic patient. The patient's husband tells you that his wife was fine earlier in the day, but then suddenly began acting strange. He further tells you that she took her insulin but did not eat. The patient is conscious but confused. Her skin is pale, moist, and cool, and her pulse is weak and rapid. After ensuring a patent airway and adequate breathing, you should:

give her a tube of oral glucose if available.

Compared to insulin shock, diabetic coma:

has a gradual onset.

A patient who is wearing a MedicAlert bracelet or necklace:

has consented to the release of information to medical personnel.

The emergency medical responder (EMR) should never enter an enclosed space unless:

he or she has proper training and equipment.

Which of the following conditions would be the LEAST likely to mimic the signs and symptoms of a stroke?

heart attack

Swollen neck veins are MOST likely an indicator of:

heart problems or a chest injury.

During the primary assessment, you should:

identify and correct all life-threatening conditions.

During your reassessment of a patient, you should:

identify and treat changes in the patient's condition.

You should gently press on the bones of the pelvis:

if the patient does not report pain to the pelvis.

Acute blockage of a coronary artery MOST often causes the patient to experience:

immediate and severe chest pain.

Potential causes of seizures include all of the following, EXCEPT:

increased oxygen levels in the brain.

After opening the airway of an unconscious patient, you should:

inspect the mouth for foreign bodies or secretions.

To assess arm drift properly in a patient with a possible stroke, you should:

instruct the patient to keep his or her eyes closed.

A person experiencing ..........may appear to be drunk.

insulin shock

The hormone that enables sugar carried by the blood to move into individual cells is called:

insulin.

The first part of determining a conscious patient's level of responsiveness is to:

introduce yourself to the patient.

A patient is said to be alert if he or she:

is able to answer questions accurately and appropriately.

A patient's pulse is present, but the beats are not easily detected. You would describe the pulse as being:

thready.

During your assessment of an older man who complains of weakness, you notice a raised bump on his left forearm. He tells you that it is his shunt. This patient MOST likely has:

kidney disease.

Common signs and symptoms of an acute abdomen include all of the following, EXCEPT:

labored breathing..

When inquiring about a patient's pain, it is MOST appropriate to:

let the patient describe the pain in his or her own words.

During your assessment of an unresponsive young female who overdosed on an unknown type of drug, you note that her pupils are bilaterally constricted. Which of the following types of drugs should you suspect?

narcotic

Atherosclerosis is MOST accurately defined as:

narrowing of the arteries.

You enter the residence of an unconscious 30-year-old man. As you are approaching the patient, who is lying motionless on the floor, you should:

note the patient's position and any unusual odors or sounds.

An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) occurs when:

one or more layers of the aorta become weakened.

You arrive at a local community center for a 56-year-old woman complaining of chest discomfort. The woman tells you that she took one of her nitroglycerin tablets about 15 minutes ago, but she still has chest discomfort. Responding paramedics are approximately 10 minutes away. You should:

place her in a comfortable position, assist her in taking another nitroglycerin tablet, and administer oxygen.

When estimating a patient's body temperature, you should:

place the back of your hand on his or her forehead.

Scene hazards that are NOT visible to emergency responders include:

poisonous fumes.

A patient presents with yellow skin color. You should suspect:

problems with the liver.

If a patient is actively seizing, your treatment should focus on:

protecting the patient from injury.

When caring for a patient with a medical problem, it is important to:

provide frequent reassurance to the patient.

When caring for a patient who is possibly experiencing a heart attack, you should:

refrain from allowing the patient to walk.

You are assessing a 64-year-old woman who is possibly having a stroke. Initially, the patient was conscious and alert, but her level of consciousness has decreased significantly. When the emergency medical technician (EMT) unit arrives at the scene, it is MOST important for you to:

report the change in the patient's level of consciousness to the EMTs.

If you discover that a patient's pupils fail to react to light or are unequal in size, you should:

report your finding to personnel at the next level of care.

Upon arriving at the scene of an incident and determining that there are multiple patients, you should:

request additional resources before treating any patients.

As you approach an emergency scene, your priority should be to:

scan the area to determine the extent of the incident.

Which of the following is an example of a symptom?

severe back pain

Rapid, shallow respirations are characteristic of:

shock.

Which of the following is NOT a solid structure of the abdomen?

small intestine

When performing a full-body assessment on an unconscious, injured patient, it is MOST important to:

stabilize the head to minimize movement during the exam.

When assessing the MOI of a vehicle that struck a utility pole, you notice that the vehicle's steering wheel is bent. You should:

suspect injuries to the patient's chest.

A 56-year-old man experienced a sudden onset of dyspnea during a meal. He is conscious and alert but is in obvious respiratory distress. You should:

suspect that he has an airway obstruction.

When counting respirations in a conscious patient, you should do all of the following, EXCEPT:

tell the patient what you are doing and ask him or her to remain very still.

Diabetic coma is a condition that occurs when:

the body has too much glucose and not enough insulin.

When assessing circulation in an infant, you should check for:

the brachial pulse on the upper arm.

Your hand-off report to the EMTs or paramedics who will be assuming care of the patient typically includes all of the following information, EXCEPT:

the name of the patient's personal physician.

You should be MOST suspicious of an abdominal injury if:

the patient's abdomen is rigid or swollen.

Hemodialysis is a process in which:

the patient's blood passes through a machine that filters out the waste products and returns the cleansed blood to the patient.

When assessing a patient's mental status, it is MOST important to consider:

the patient's initial level of consciousness and any changes that may have occurred.

With assessment-based care, treatment rendered to the patient is based on:

the patient's symptoms.

The signs and symptoms of a stroke vary depending on:

the portion of the brain that is affected.

The systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements represent:

the pressures found in the arteries as the heart contracts and relaxes.