ems chapter 26

compartment syndrome

A 30-year-old male experienced a crushing injury when his forearm was trapped between the back of a truck and a loading dock. Upon your arrival, the man's arm has been freed. Your assessment reveals that his arm is obviously deformed and swollen and is cold and pale. Further assessment reveals an absent radial pulse. You should be MOST concerned that this patient has:

administer high-flow oxygen.

A 39-year-old male was struck in the head by a baseball during a game. He is confused and has slurred speech. He has a large hematoma in the center of his forehead and cannot remember the events preceding the injury. After manually stabilizing his head and assessing his airway, you should:

30%

A 5-year-old female pulled a pot of boiling water from the stove. She has superficial and partial-thickness burns to her head, face, and anterior trunk. What percentage of her body surface area has been burned?

contusion

A closed soft-tissue injury characterized by swelling and ecchymosis is called a(n):

large blood vessels beneath the skin are damaged

A hematoma develops when:

dermal layer

A partial-thickness burn involves the outer layer of skin and a portion of the:

rapidly assess the patient after ensuring that the power line is not live.

A utility worker was trimming branches and was electrocuted when he accidentally cut a high-power line. He fell approximately 20 feet and is lying unresponsive on the ground; the power line is lying across his chest. You should:

1%

According to the rule of palm method for estimating the extent of a patient's burns, the palm of the patient's hand is equal to _____ of his or her total BSA.

depth and extent

Burns are classified according to:

pediatric patients have more surface area relative to total body mass.

Burns to pediatric patients are generally considered more serious than burns to adults because:

administer oxygen and prepare for rapid transport.

During your assessment of a 22-year-old male who was assaulted, you note widespread contusions and abrasions to his face, chest, and abdomen. His pulse is rapid and weak, and his skin is cool and clammy. You should:

shotgun

During your assessment of a patient who was shot in the abdomen, you notice a large entrance wound with multiple small puncture wounds surrounding it. This wound pattern is MOST consistent with a:

carries with it a wide variety of virulent bacteria and viruses.

In contrast to animal bites, the bite of a human:

a complete circuit must exist between the electrical source and the ground.

In order for electricity to flow through the body and cause damage:

A pulseless and apneic patient with a knife impaled in the back

In which of the following patients should you remove an impaled object?

the nerve endings have been destroyed.

Patients with full-thickness (third-degree) burns generally do not complain of pain because:

color

The germinal layer of the epidermis contains pigment granules that are responsible for skin:

epidermis

What layer of the skin forms a watertight, protective seal for the body?

peripheral vessels constrict and divert blood away from the skin.

When a person is exposed to a cold environment:

remain alert for more severe underlying injuries.

When assessing a patient with a closed soft-tissue injury, it is MOST important to:

avoid the use of creams, lotions, or antiseptics.

When treating a partial-thickness burn, you should:

Any full-thickness burn, regardless of its location on the body

Which of the following is a severe burn in a 2-year-old child?

Circumferential partial-thickness burn to the chest

Which of the following is a severe burn in a 35-year-old patient?

Partial-thickness burn to 20% of the BSA

Which of the following is a severe burn in a 65-year-old patient?

Pain upon passive movement of the injury site

Which of the following is a sign of compartment syndrome?

abrasion

Which of the following open soft-tissue injuries is limited to the superficial layer of the skin and results in the least amount of blood loss?

The immune system releases histamines, which cause vasodilation and increased capillary permeability, resulting in local redness and swelling.

Which of the following processes occurs during the inflammation phase of the healing process?

Severe burns are typically a combination of all degrees of burns.

Which of the following statements regarding severe burns is correct?

The dermis contains hair follicles, sweat glands, and nerve endings.

Which of the following statements regarding the dermis is correct?

The anterior trunk of an adult is equal to 18% of the BSA.

Which of the following statements regarding the rule of nines is correct?

the potential for airway swelling.

You and your partner arrive at the scene of a house fire where fire fighters have rescued a 50-year-old male from his burning house. The patient has superficial and partial-thickness burns to his face and chest. His nasal hairs are singed and he is coughing up sooty sputum. You should be MOST concerned with:

assess distal circulation and readjust the bandage as needed.

You have applied a dressing and roller-gauze bandage to a laceration on the arm of a young female. During transport, she begins to complain of numbness and tingling in her hand. You should: