EMT 35 Ch 35 Chapter Test

Where should constricting bands be placed to reduce lymphatic flow after a venomous snake​ bite?

2 inches above and below the bite

When the body is in​ water, how many times faster does it lose heat than when it is in still​ air?

25

When submerged in​ water, biological death may be delayed if the water temperature is below ​________°F.

70

To assess skin temperature for a possibly hypothermic​ patient, the EMT should place the back of his hand against which part of the​ patient's body?

Abdomen

Which of the following occurs when gases leave a damaged lung in a diving accident and enter the​ bloodstream?

Arterial gas embolism

In cases of extreme​ hypothermia, you will find the patient​ unconscious, with no discernible vital​ signs, and skin cold to your touch with stiff joints as if they appear dead. What is the emergency care for these​ patients?

Assess the carotid pulse for at least 60​ seconds; if there is no​ pulse, start CPR immediately and prepare to apply the AED

Which of the following is acceptable when actively rewarming a hypothermic​ patient?

Avoid rewarming the limbs

Why is it important to remove constricting items such as rings before thawing a frozen​ extremity?

Because thawed areas often swell

Why is it important to keep patients at rest when they are​ hypothermic?

Because the blood is coldest in the​ extremities, exercise or unnecessary movement could quickly circulate the cold blood and lower the core body temperature

Which of the following can cause a wound with a characteristic lesion with a bite that is often​ painless?

Brown recluse spider

Of the following venomous​ snakes, which one usually has the highest incidence of a​ "dry bite"?

Coral snake

Which of the following types of snake is not a pit​ viper?

Coral snake

Which of the following is caused by trapped nitrogen gas in the tissues due to a rapid ascent from a scuba​ dive?

Decompression sickness

Which of the following increases a scuba​ diver's risk of decompression​ sickness?

Flying within several hours after a dive

Your patient is a​ 44-year-old female with a history of alcoholism. She has been walking around at an outdoor fair on a​ hot, sunny day. She is disoriented to​ time; has​ hot, dry​ skin; and appears to be generally weak. Which of the following is the appropriate sequence of treatment for this​ patient?

Give oxygen by nonrebreather​ mask, remove heavy​ clothing, and place cold packs on her​ neck, armpits, and groin

Which of the following does not make infants and children more prone to​ hypothermia?

Inefficient metabolism

Which of the following would you expect to see in a patient with severe​ hypothermia?

Irrational behavior

The technique for central rewarming requires the application of heat to which of the following areas of the​ patient's body?

Lateral​ chest, neck,​ armpits, and groin

Allowing a​ patient's body temperature to increase by preventing further heat loss is referred to as which of the​ following?

Passive rewarming

You respond to the scene of a​ 14-year-old patient found outside in a cold environment. He is unresponsive and hypothermic. Emergency Medical Responders have moved the patient inside and secured the airway prior to your arrival. What is your next​ action?

Passively rewarm the patient

For which of the following reasons are​ newborns, infants, and the elderly more readily affected by the heat than other age​ groups?

Poor ability to regulate body temperature

Which of the following is acceptable in the management of a patient stung by a honey​ bee?

Remove jewelry from any affected limbs

In mild​ cases, what may overcome acute mountain​ sickness?

Rest and rehydration at altitude

Heat cramps occur due to loss of which of the following​ substances?

Salt

In which of the following ways does the body produce heat in response to being​ cold?

Shivering

In which of the following situations would a person lose heat by​ conduction?

Sitting on cold metal bleachers at a football game

You respond to a boat dock for a diving injury. You find a​ 24-year-old male patient unresponsive with frothy blood in the mouth and lung sounds absent on the right side. The patient is breathing 28 times a minute. The​patient's friends state they were diving when he unexpectedly came out of the water complaining of chest pains and then collapsed. What is your first​ action?

Suction the airway

You respond to a professional volleyball tournament for a potential heat stroke. Upon arrival you find a​ 28-year-old male patient seated inside the​ air-conditioned first aid trailer. He is alert and in obvious distress. He is complaining of severe cramping of his arms and legs. His vital signs are stable. What is the most likely cause of the​ cramping?

Sweating too much

Regarding drowning in​ adults, which of the following statements is true​?

The colder the​ water, the better the chances of survival in either saltwater or freshwater drowning

You have responded to a local pool for a drowning patient. Lifeguards have pulled the patient out of the pool prior to your arrival. You find a​ 22-year-old male patient unresponsive with agonal respirations and a weak carotid pulse. Bystanders state the patient was not using the diving board and was found in the shallow end. Why are cervical spine precautions​ necessary?

The patient may have suffered a spinal injury by jumping in shallow water

Why are infants and young children more prone to hypothermia than​ adults?

They have less fat than adults

The term blanching​, used to describe localized cold​ injury, means the tissue has turned to which of the following​ colors?

White

Applying an external source of heat to the​ patient's body to rewarm him is called​ ________ rewarming.

active

In a patient with extreme hypothermia who appears to be in cardiac​ arrest, you should assess the pulse for how​ long?

at least 60 seconds

The term gangrene means localized​ tissue:

death

You respond to a landing zone to pick up a skier who was lost in the woods for 36 hours and found by the​ search-and-rescue helicopter. Your patient is a​ 19-year-old male patient. He is alert and oriented to​ time, person,​ place, and event. He is covered in blankets and shivering. He complains of not being able to feel his fingers. Physical exam reveals that the fingers of both extremities have a waxy appearance and feel​ "frozen" on the surface. After treating the patient for potential hypothermia and rapid​ transport, your next action is​ to:

gently bandage the digits

You respond to a construction site on a very hot summer day for a person​ "not acting​ right." You find a​ 44-year-old male patient seated in a work vehicle with the air conditioner on maximum. Coworkers state the patient was working for the last 2 hours pouring concrete when he started​ "speaking gibberish" and nearly collapsed. The patient is responsive to verbal stimuli. Your initial vital signs are blood pressure​ 90/60, pulse​ 136, and respiratory rate 24. The​ patient's skin is cool to the touch and​ moist, and his shirt is wet with visible salt rings. You​ suspect:

heat exhaustion

Localized cold injury occurs due to vasoconstriction​ and:

ice crystal formation in the tissues

When actively rewarming a frostbitten extremity in warm​ water, you should change the water when the temperature falls below​ ________ °F.

100

You arrive on the scene to find a scuba diver on board a boat slumped over in the​ captain's chair with frothy blood in his mouth. The captain states that the diver was down no more than 15 feet when he ascended rapidly and called for help. Which of the following is most​ likely?

Air embolism

You respond to a boat dock for a diving injury. You find a​ 24-year-old male patient unresponsive with frothy blood in the mouth and lung sounds absent on the right side. The​ patient's friends state they were diving when he came out of the water complaining of chest pains and then collapsed. What condition do you​ suspect?

Air embolism

Which of the following is often associated with​ water-related emergencies?

All of the above

You are on a​ stand-by at a local high school football game. One of the football players comes over to the ambulance and complains that his face feels numb and he has a burning sensation in his fingers. You notice that the​ patient's cheeks and fingers are bright red. How should you treat the​ patient?

Allow the patient to warm up inside the ambulance by passive rewarming measures

What is a common sign or symptom of​ high-altitude cerebral​ edema?

Altered mental status

Which of the following terms describes the temperature of the surrounding​ air?

Ambient temperature

Which of the following could worsen the effects of a snake​ bite?

Application of ice

You respond to a construction site on a very hot summer day for a person​ "not acting​ right." You find a​ 38-year-old male patient seated in a work vehicle with the air conditioner on maximum. Coworkers state the patient was working for the last 2 hours pouring concrete when he started​ "speaking gibberish" and nearly collapsed. The patient is responsive to verbal stimuli. Your initial vital signs are blood pressure​ 90/60, pulse​ 136, and respiratory rate 24. The​ patient's skin is hot to the touch and​ dry, but his shirt is wet with visible salt rings. Which is the best treatment for the​ patient?

Apply​ high-concentration oxygen and rapidly transport to the nearest medical facility

You are enjoying some time at the beach on your day off when you hear a swimmer crying for help. As you spot the swimmer about 30 feet from​ shore, she cries out again but appears to be getting weaker. Although there is no lifeguard on​ duty, there is a rowboat and a ring buoy available. Assuming you do not know how to swim or consider yourself a poor​ swimmer, which of the following should you do​ first?

Call for help and try to throw the buoy to the swimmer

You arrive on the scene and find an unresponsive homeless man lying in the alleyway clutching a wine bottle. He is wearing a​ long-sleeved shirt but does not have pants on. His skin feels cold to the touch. The​ week's temperatures have not been above 50°F. Which of the following should you do immediately after ensuring the patient has an adequate​ airway?

Check the carotid pulse

A patient who is lying on cold ground is losing the most amount of heat by what​ mechanism?

Conduction

You respond to a farm for a possible snake bite. You find a​ 36-year-old male patient seated against a tree. Bystanders state the patient was bitten on the arm by a rattlesnake and is​ "really sick." As you​ approach, you notice that the patient appears to be in obvious distress and is diaphoretic and holding his right wrist. Which of the following is your highest​ priority?

Confirm the location and status of the snake

Which of the following is the process in which heat is lost from the body as wind passes over​ it?

Convection

Which of the following best describes a localized cold injury with a clear line of demarcation of its​ limits?

Early frostnip

In a hypothermic patient the coldest blood is found in what part of the​ patient's body?

Extremities

Heat stroke is caused by which of the following​ mechanisms?

Failure of temperature regulation mechanisms

To rescue someone who has fallen through the​ ice, which of the following is the safest device to​ use?

Flat-bottomed aluminum boat

Your patient is a​ 24-year-old man who smoked a cigarette dipped in formaldehyde and then went outside with no shoes on and walked in the snow for about an hour. He has deep local cold injuries to both feet. Which of the following should be included in your management of this​ patient?

Gradually rewarm both feet

Which of the following should the EMT do during the treatment of localized cold​ injury?

Gradually warm the affected area

Most radiant heat is lost through which​ part(s) of the​ body?

Head and neck

Which of the following signs would you least expect to see in a patient suffering from severe​ hypothermia?

Heavy shivering

Which of the following describes the condition of having an abnormally high body​ temperature?

Hyperthermia

Which of the following is not a classification of localized cold​ injury?

Hypothermia

You respond to a boat dock for a diving injury. You find a​ 22-year-old female patient unresponsive with frothy blood in the mouth and lung sounds absent on the right side. The patient is breathing 28 times a minute. The​ patient's friends state they were diving when she unexpectedly came out of the water complaining of chest pains and then collapsed. The nearest hospital is 25 minutes away and the nearest specialty resource center with a hyperbaric chamber is 30 minutes away. What is the best decision when determining​ transport?

Transport the patient by ground to the specialty center

You respond to the scene of a local campground. Your patient is a​ 15-year-old female patient who was stung in the arm by a bee. The patient is anxious and hyperventilating at 28 times a minute. The patient is alert and oriented to​ time, place,​ person, and event. Lung sounds are clear bilaterally. The left arm is swollen and the stinger is not present. Blood pressure is​ 118/72 and pulse is 110. The​ patient's mother states the patient is allergic to bee stings and has an epinephrine​ auto-injector. She called 911 because she was afraid the patient would stop breathing. Which of the following is the best treatment​ plan?

Treat the patient for shock and transport

The purpose of a constricting band after a venomous snake bite is to impede the spread of which of the​ following?

Venom

Rough handling of a patient with severe hypothermia may result in which of the​ following?

Ventricular fibrillation

Reducing the pain of a marine animal sting can be accomplished by rinsing the affected area with which of the​ following?

Vinegar