EMT Chapter 24

During your assessment of a patient with a head injury, you not that he opens his eyes when you pinch his trapezius muscle, is mumbling, and has his arm curled in toward his chest. You should assign him a GCS score of:

7

A small compact car was involved in a rollover crash. As you are approaching the vehicle, you note that the roof is significantly collapsed. The patient, a 29-year-old male, is complaining of severe pain in his neck and to the top of his head as well as numbness and tingling in his extremities. Witnesses who removed the patient from the vehicle state that he was wearing his seatbelt. What injury mechanism is MOST likely responsible for this patient's condition? A. Lateral bending of the neck during the crash B. Impact of the head against the steering wheel C. Compression of the head against the roof D. Whiplash injury to the neck during the rollover

Compression of the head against the roof

When a driver is in a car equipped with an air bag, but is not wearing a seatbelt, he or she will MOST likely strike the __________ when the air bag deploys upon impact. A. dashboard B. steering wheel C. door D. windshield

Door

Two of the MOST common mechanisms of injury for blunt trauma are:

Falls and motor vehicle collisions

In contrast to a level III trauma center, a level I trauma center must: be involved in trauma prevention programs. have general surgeons who are in-house 24 hours a day. have access to an emergency physician within 30 minutes. be able to stabilize patients before transferring to a higher level facility.

Have general surgeons who are in-house 24 hours a day.

Evaluation of the interior of a crashed motor vehicle during extrication will allow the AEMT to: A. determine the vehicle's speed at the time of impact. B. identify contact points and predict potential injuries. C. assess the severity of the third collision of the crash. D. recognize if the driver hit the brakes before impact.

Identify contact points and predict potential injuries

Which of the following statements regarding the first collision that occurs during a motor vehicle crash is correct? It provides the least amount of information about the mechanism of injury. It has a direct effect on patient care because of the obvious vehicular damage. It is the most dramatic part of the collision and may make extrication difficult. It occurs when the unrestrained occupant collides with the interior of the vehicle.

It is the most dramatic part of the collision and may make extrication difficult.

The energy of a moving object is called:

Kinetic energy

When assessing the interior of a crashed motor vehicle for damage, you are gathering information regarding the: index of suspicion. mechanism of injury. kinetic energy. potential energy.

Mechanism of injury

If a person is standing near a building that explodes, which of the following injuries would he or she MOST likely experience as a result of the pressure wave? A. Fractured bones B. Severe burns C. Impaled objects D. Stomach rupture

Stomach rupture

Which of the following statements regarding low-energy penetrating injuries is correct? Internal injuries caused by low-velocity bullets are usually easy to predict. Exit wounds are typically easy to locate with low-energy penetrating injuries. It is usually easy to differentiate between an entrance wound and an exit wound. c

The area of injury is usually close to the path the object took through the body.

Internal injuries caused by gunshot wounds are difficult to predict because:

The bullet may tumble or ricochet within the body

Passengers who are seated in the rear of a vehicle and are wearing only lap belts have a higher incidence of injuries to the: A. thoracic and lumbar spine. B. lumbar and coccygeal spine. C. thoracic and sacral spine. D. lumbar and sacral spine.

Thoracic and lumbar spine

The driver of a sport utility vehicle lost control and struck a utility pole head-on. The driver was killed instantly. The passenger, a young female, is conscious and alert and has several small abrasions and lacerations to her left forearm. Treatment for the passenger should include: transport to a trauma center. a focused exam of her forearm. transport to a community hospital. a secondary assessment at the scene.

Transport to a trauma center

Which of the following patients has experienced the MOST significant fall? a 4′8″ patient who fell 12 feet a 5′0″ patient who fell 13 feet a 4′6″ patient who fell 13 feet a 5′9″ patient who fell 14 feet

a 4′6″ patient who fell 13 feet

When evaluating the mechanism of injury of a car-versus-pedestrian collision, you should first: determine if the patient was propelled away from the vehicle. approximate the speed of the vehicle that struck the pedestrian. evaluate the vehicle that struck the patient for structural damage. determine if the patient was struck and pulled under the vehicle.

approximate the speed of the vehicle that struck the pedestrian.

When treating a patient who experienced a pulmonary blast injury, you should: use a demand valve to ventilate the patient. suspect an accompanying cardiac tamponade. avoid giving oxygen under positive pressure. administer large amounts of intravenous fluid.

avoid giving oxygen under positive pressure.

While assessing a young male who was struck in the chest with a steel pipe, you note that his pulse is rapid and irregular. You should be MOST suspicious for: underlying cardiac disease. a lacerated coronary artery. bruising of the heart muscle. traumatic rupture of the aorta.

bruising of the heart muscle.

A 30 year old male sustained a stab wound to the neck when he was attacked outside a nightclub. During your assessment, you should be MOST alert for: Injury to the cervical spine potential airway compromise Damage to internal structures alterations in his mental status

potential airway compromise.

Factors that should be considered when assessing a patient who has fallen include all of the following, EXCEPT: the speed of the fall. the surface struck. the height of the fall. the primary impact point.

the speed of the fall.