EMT Chapter 30 Abdominal and Genitourinary Injuries (still working on it)

When a hollow organ is punctured during a penetrating injury to the abdomen; A) peritonitis may not develop for several hours B) it commonly protrudes through the injury site C) the abdomen will become instantly distended D) it will bleed profusely and rapidly cause shock

A) Peritonitis may not develop for several hours

Which of the following statements regarding abdominal eviscerations is correct? A) the protruding organs should be kept warm and moist B) most eviscerations occur to the left upper quadrant C) adherent material is preferred when covering an evisceration D) the organs should be replaced carefully to avoid heat loss

A) The protruding organs should be kept warm and moist.

Which of the following is true regarding injury to the kidneys? A) only minimal force is needed to damage the kidneys B) injury to the kidneys usually indicates injury to other organs C) kidney injuries are rarely caused by blunt trauma D) the kidneys are not well protected

B) Injury to the kidneys usually indicates injury to other organs.

Injuries to the external male genitalia ... A) usually result in permanent damage B) are often life-threatening C) are rarely life-threatening D) frequently lead to hypovolemic shock

C) are rarely life-threatening

peritonitis usually occurs when: A) bacteria or viruses invade the walls of the gastrointestinal tract B) solid abdominal organs bleed secondary to penetrating trauma C) the vessels that supply the abdominal organs become inflamed] D) hollow abdominal organs are damaged and spill their contents into the peritoneal cavity

D) Hollow abdominal organs are damaged and spill their contents into the peritoneal cavity

bruising at the right upper quadrant of the abdomen following blunt trauma is MOST suggestive of injury to the A) stomach B) spleen C) kidney D) liver

D) Liver

You should suspect a kidney injury anytime the patient presents with ... A) nausea B) dyspnea C) abdominal distention D) a hematoma in the flank region

D) a hematoma in the flank region

solid organs

Liver, Spleen, Pancreas, Kidneys

Another name for the right and left upper quadrants is the

flank

When treating a patient with an evisceration, you should A) cover the protruding contents with moist, sterile gauze compresses B) attempt to replace the abdominal contents C) cover the protruding organs with moist, adherent dressings D) cover the protruding organs with a dry, sterile dressing

A) cover the protruding contents with moist, sterile gauze compresses

Difficulty breathing and a sunken appearance of the anterior abdominal wall is most indicative of a ruptured: A) diaphragm B) stomach C) aorta D) spleen

A) diaphragm.

When a patient stiffens the muscles of the abdomen it is known as; A) guarding B) instability C) crepitus D) distension

A) guarding

contraction or tensing of the abdominal muscles in an effort to ease pain is called A) guarding B) referring C) withdrawing D) flexing

A) guarding

Compression injury is most likely due to which of the following? A) improperly placed lab belt B) stabbing C) ejection D) hollow-organ rupture

A) improperly placed lap belt

Abdominal pain, vomiting, and fever are most likely due to ... A) infection B) hypovolemia C) evisceration D) hemorrhage

A) infection

In any case of trauma to a female patient, you should always determine if the patient: A) is pregnant B) has a history of ovarian cysts C) is on birth control D) is currently menstruating

A) is pregnant

The first signs of peritonitis include all of the following except: A) nausea B) severe abdominal pain C) muscular spasm D) tenderness

A) nausea

Because the depth of an open abdominal wound is often difficult to determine: A) the abdomen must be vigorously palpated B) prompt transport to the hospital is essential C) the EMT must perform a thorough exam D) vital signs should be monitored frequently

A) prompt transport to the hospital is essential

All of the following are hollow abdominal organs, EXCEPT the: A. spleen. A) spleen B) ureters C) stomach D) bladder

A) spleen

All of the following systems contain organs that make up the contents of the abdominal cavity EXCEPT: A) the genitourinary system B) the limbic system C) the digestive system D) the urinary system

B) The limbic system

the mesentery is A) a layer of thick skeletal muscles that protects the abdominal organs B) a membranous fold that attaches the intestines to the walls of the body C) a complex network of blood vessels that supply blood to the liver D) the point of attachment between the small and large intestines

B) a membranous fold that attaches the intestines to the walls of the body

Suspect a possible injury of the urinary bladder in all of the following findings EXCEPT: A) blood at the tip of the penis or stain on the patients underwear B) bruising to the left upper quadrant C) physical signs of trauma on the lower abdomen, pelvis or perineum D) blood at the urethral opening

B) bruising to the left upper quadrant

You are transporting a 42-year-old male who experienced blunt abdominal trauma. He is receiving oxygen at 12 L/min via a nonrebreathing mask and full spinal precautions have been applied. During your reassessment, you note his level of consciousness has decreased and his respirations have become shallow. You should: A) suction his oropharynx to ensure it is clear of secretions and then increase the oxygen flow rate to 15L/min B) insert an airway adjunct if he will tolerate it and begin assisting his ventilation's with a BVM C) perform a comprehensive secondary assessment to determine why his clinical status has changed D) reassess his vital signs and then notify the receiving hospital of the change in his clinical status

B) insert an airway adjunct if he will tolerate it and begin assisting his ventilations with a BVM.

The largest organ in the abdomen is the: A) pancreas B) liver C) spleen D) kidneys

B) liver

Which of the following organs would most likely bleed profusely when injured? A) intestine B) liver C) bladder D)stomach

B) liver

A 54-year-old male experienced an avulsion to his penis when his foreskin got caught in the zipper of his pants. He was able to unzip his pants and remove the foreskin prior to your arrival. Your assessment reveals that he is in severe pain and that the avulsion is bleeding moderately. The most appropriate treatment for this patient includes: A) requesting a paramedic to administer pain medication B) administering 100% oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask C) applying direct pressure with a dry, sterile dressing D) Covering direct pressure with a dry, sterile dressing

C) applying direct pressure with a dry, sterile dressing.

Your documentation on a sexual assault victim should ... A) describe the status of the suspect(s) B) include your opinion of the nature of the incident C) be objective and factual D) be subjective and summarize the crime

C) be objective and factual

When worn properly; a seatbelt should lie: A) across the abdominal wall at the level of the diaphragm and below the hip joints B) across the abdominal wall at the level of the umbilicus and against the hip joints C) below the anterior superior iliac spines of the pelvis and against the hip joints D) above the anterior posterior iliac spines of the pelvis and below the hip joints

C) below the anterior superior iliac spines of the pelvis and against the hip joints

Your presence is requested by law enforcement to assess a 33-year-old female who was sexually assaulted. The patient is conscious and obviously upset. As you are talking to her, you note an impressive amount of blood on her clothes in the groin area. Her blood pressure is 98/58 mm Hg, her pulse is 130 beats/min, and her respirations are 24 breaths/min. You should: A) visualize the vaginal area and pack the vagina with sterile dressings B) arrange for a rape crisis center representative to speak with the patient C) control any external bleeding, administer oxygen, and transport at once D) allow her to change her clothes and take a shower before you transport

C) control any external bleeding, administer oxygen, and transport at once.

Placing a pregnant patient in a supine position during the third trimester of pregnancy: A) is recommended if the patient has severe abdominal discomfort B) results in spontaneous urinary incontinence if the bladder is full C) may decrease the amount of blood that returns to the heart D) often causes hypotension secondary to cardiac compression

C) may decrease the amount of blood that returns to the heart.

When should you visually inspect the external genitalia on your patient? A) always during the secondary assessment B) anytime the patient agrees to treatment and transport C) only when there is a complaint of severe pain or other injury D) only when ordered by medical direction

C) only when there is a complaint of severe pain or other injury

The presence of tachycardia following a significant abdominal injury A) is always accompanied by hypotension B) is most commonly caused by severe pain C) should be assumed to be a sign of shock D) indicated a state of decompensated shock

C) should be assumed to be a sign of shock

You are transporting a patient with blunt abdominal trauma. The patient is unstable and is experiencing obvious signs and symptoms of shock. Your estimated time of arrival at the hospital is less than 10 minutes. After treating the patient appropriately, you should: A) forgo the hospital radio report because of his condition B) begin documenting the call on the patient care form C) perform a comprehensive secondary assessment D) closely monitor him and reassess him frequently

D) closely monitor him and reassess him frequently.

Accumulation of blood in the abdominal cavity will MOST likely cause: A) diffuse bruising B) referred pain C) nausea or voiting D) distention

D) distention

during your assessment of a patient who experienced blunt trauma to the abdominal you notice bruising around the umbilicus. This is a sign of A) a ruptured spleen B) a severe liver laceration C) rupture of a hollow organ D) intra-abdominal bleeding

D) intra-abdominal bleeding

In pediatric patients, the liver and spleen are ... A) less likely to bleed when injured B) more protected by the thorax compared to adults C) smaller in proportion to the abdomen D) larger in proportion to the abdomen

D) larger in proportion to the abdomen

Early bruising following abdominal trauma often manifests as: A) gross distention B) dark-purple marks C) localized pain D) red areas of skin

D) red areas of the skin

assuming obvious signs of intra-abdominal injury are present which of the following would MOST likely cause an injury to the liver or spleen to be overlooked A) femur fracture B) pelvic fracture C) lumbar spine fracture D) shoulder fracture

D) shoulder fracture

hollow organs

Structures through which materials pass, such as the stomach, small intestines, large intestines, ureters, and bladder.

evisceration

The displacement of organs outside of the body.

.blood may irritate the______________and cause the patient to report abdominal pain

peritoneal cavity

blood may irritate the________ and cause the patient to report abdominal pain

peritoneal cavity

closed abdominal injury

soft-tissue damage inside the body, but the skin remains intact

severe bleeding may occur with injury to __________ organs

solid

severe bleeding may occur with injury to the________organs

solid

the _________ syetem is responsible for filtering waste

urinary