EMT Chapters 1-10

EMS as we know it today had its orgins in 1966 with the publication of: A. the Department fo Transportation's White Paper: Death and Dying. B. the Emergency Medical Services Act C. Accidental Death and Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern Society D: Emergency Care and Transportation of the sick and Injured

Accidental Death and Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern Society

General adaption syndrome is characterized by which of the following phases? A. Delayed reaction, alarm response, and physical recovery B. Alarm response, reaction and resistance, and recovery C. Reaction and resistance, euphoria, physical exhaustion D. Immediate reaction, psychological reaction, and recovery

Alarm response, reaction and resistance

Which of the following errors is an example of a knowledge-based failure? A. An EMT gives the correct drug to a patient, although his protocols clearly state that he is not authorized to do so B. An EMT administers the wrong drug to a patient because she did not know the pertinent information about the drug C. A patient is given nitroglycerin by an EMT who did not obtain proper authorization from medical control first. D. Due to an improperly applied cervical collar, a patient's spinal injury is aggravated and he is permanently disabled.

An EMT adminsters the wrong drug to a patient because she did not know the pertinent information about the drug

According to the National EMS Scope of Practice Model, an EMT should be able to: A. insert a peripheral IV line and infuse fluids. B. administer epinephrine via the subcutaneous route. C. Interpret a basic (ECG) rhythm and treat accordingly. D. Assist a patient with certain prescribed medications

Assist a patient with certain prescribed medications

Which of the following skills or interventions is included at every level of prehospital emergency training? A. Oral glucose for hypoglycemia B. Automated external defibrillation C. Use of a manually triggered ventilator D. Intranasal medication administration

Automated external defibrillation

Which of the following is an example of a primary prevention strategy? A. Protecting a patient's spine from further injury after a fall from a significant height B. Teaching a group of new parents how to perform one- and two rescuer infant CPR C. Community awareness programs that emphasize the dangers of drinking and driving D. The construction fo a guardrail on a dangerous curve following a fatal motor vehicle crash

Community awareness programs that emphasize the dangers of drinking and driving

An appropriate demonstration of professionalism when your patient is frightened, demanding, or unpleasant is to: A. Demand that the patient remain quiet and cooperative during transport. B. Continue to be nonjudgemental, compassionate, and respectful. C. Reassure the patient that everything will be all right, even if it will not be. D. Ignore the patient's feelings and focus on his or her medical complaint

Continue to be nonjudgmental, compassionate, and respectful.

The determination that prompt surgical care in the hospital is more important than performing time-consuming procedures in the field on a major trauma patient is based MOSTLY on: A. regional trauma guidelines B. the lead EMT's decision C. EMS research D. Local protocols

EMS research

What should you do before attempting to access a patient trapped in a vehicle? A. check for other patients B. request for another ambulance C. contact medical control D. ensure the vehicle is stable

Ensure the vehicle is stable

an effective team leader should: A. perform all difficult interventions B. command his or her team C. help the team accomplish goals D. refrain from any direct patient care

Help the team accomplish goals

The continous quality improvement (CQI) process is designed to: A: focus specifically on the quality of emergency care provided to the patient B. administer punitive actions to EMTs who do not follow local protocols C. ensure that all EMTs maintain licensure through the state EMS office D. identify areas of improvement and provide remedial training if needed

Identify areas of improvement and provide remedial training if needed

Which of the following is the most significant factor in determining whether a person will become ill from certain germs? A. Race B. Gender C. Age D. Immunity

Immunity

Which type of medical direction do standing orders and protocols describe? A. Off-line B. Direct C. Online D. Radio

Off-line

An EMS provider who has extensive training in various aspects of advanced life support (ALS) is called a(n): A: paramedic B: EMT C: EMR D: advanced EMT (AEMT)

Paramedic

Cardiac monitoring, pharmacologic interventions, and other advanced treatment skills are functions of the: A. AEMT B. EMT C. Paramedic D. EMR

Paramedic

Which of the followng criteria is required to become licensed and employed as an EMT? A. Proof of immunization against certain communicable diseases B. Successful completion of a recognized bystander CPR course C. A minimum of 60 college credit hours that focus on health care D. Demonstration of the ability to lift and carry at least 200 pounds

Proof of immunization against certain communicable diseases

If a defibrillator manufacturer claims that its device terminates ventricular fibrillation on the first shock 95% of the time, you should: A. avoid purchasing the device because this claim is unrealistic B. recognize that this does not mean the device will save more lives C. purchase the device based solely on the manufacturer's claim D. determine which device the American Heart Association recommends

Recognize that this does not mean the device will save more lives

The standards for prehospital emergency care and the individuals who provide it are typically regulated by the: A. regional trauma center B. National Registry of EMTs C. State office of EMS D. American Heart Association

State office of EMS

Which of the following infectious diseases confers no protection from reinfection after exposure? A. Mumps B. Chickenpox C. Syphilis D. Rubella

Syphilis

Which of the following statements regarding the NREMT is correct? A. The NREMT is a governmental agency that certifies EMTs B. The NREMT provides a national standard for EMS testing C. The NREMT regulates EMS training standards D. The NREMT is the exclusive certifying body for EMTs

The NREMT provides a national standard for EMS testing

Which of the following patients has decision-making capactiy and can legally refuse emergency medical treatment? A. a man who is staggering and states that he had three beers B. a diabetic woman who has slurred speech and is not aware of the date C. a conscious and alert women with severe abdominal pain D. a confused young male who says he is the president

a conscious and alert woman with severe abdominal pain

Which of the following scenarios MOST accurately depicts abandonment? A. an EMT gives a verbal report to an emergency room nurse B. a physician assumes patient care from an EMT C. a paramedic transfers patient care to an EMT D. an AEMT transfers patient care to a paramedic

a paramedic transfers patient care to an EMT

Which of the following general statements regarding consesnt is correct? A. expressed consent is valid only if given in writing by a family member B. a patient can consent to transport but can legally refuse treatment C. all patients older than 18 years can legally refuse treatment or transport D. patients who are intoxicated are generally allowed to refuse treatment

a patient can consent to transport but can refuse treatment

Which of the following descriptions most accurately portrays emergency medical services (EMS)? A. a team of paramedics and emergency physicians who are responsible for providing emergency care to criticalls injured patients B. a vast network of advanced life support (ALS) providers who provide definitive emergency care in the prehospital setting C. A system composed exclusively of emergency medical responders (EMRs) and emergency medical technicians (EMTs) who are responsible for providing care to sick and injured patients D. a team of health care professionals who are responsible for providing emergency care and transportation to the sick and injured

a team of health care professionals who are responsible for providing emergency care and transportation to the sick and injured

When decontaminating the back of your ambulance after a call, you should: A. spray the contaminated areas and then immediately wipe them dry with a towel B. clean all surfaces and patient contact areas with a mixture of alcohol and water C. use a bleach and water solution at a 1:2 dilution ratio to thoroughly wipe all surfaces D. allow surfaces to air dry unless indicated in the product directions

allow surfaces to air dry unless indicated in the product directions

A patient's refusal of EMS treatment and/or transport must be: A. witnessed by a notary B. authorized by a judge C. reported to the police D. an informed refusal

an informed refusal

Premature diagnosis during a call can be due to what error? A. overconfidence B. Bias C. anchoring D. streamlining

anchoring

Vectorborne transmission of an infectious organism occurs via: A. animals or insects B. inanimate objects C. direct contact D. smoke or dust

animals or insects

As an EMT, the performance of your duties will be compared to that of: A. the medical director B. another EMT C. the general public D. a paramedic supervisor

another EMT

Acting in such a way as to make another person fear immediate bodily harm is called: A. libel B. assault C. negligence D. battery

assault

Which of the following situations requires you to notify the appropriate authorities? A. accidental knife wound B. drug overdose C. attempted suicide D. cardiac arrest

attempted suicide

Any radio hardware containing a transmitter and a receiver that is located in a fixed location is called a: A. repeater B. base station C. mobile radio D. multiplex

base station

When relaying patient information via radio, communications should be: A. coded and scripted B. brief and easily understood C. lengthy and complete D. spoken in a loud voice

breif and easily understood

In which of the following manners should you act and speak with a patient? A. passive B. loud and official C. calm and confident D. authoritative

calm and confident

Hazards that are associated with a structural fire include all of the following, except: A. risk of building collapse B. smoke and toxic gases C. carbon dioxide deficiency D. high ambient tempartures

carbon dioxide deficiency

Which of the following incidents does NOT require a report to be filed with local authorities? A. spousal abuse B. animal bites C. gunshot wounds D. cardiac arrest

cardiac arrest

The spread of HIV and hepatisis in the healthcare setting can usually be traced to: A. excessive blood splashing or splattering B. careless handling of sharps C. lack of proper immunizations D. noncompliance with standard precautions

careless handling of sharps

For a do not resuscitate (DNR) order to be valid, it must: A. be signed by the local justice of the peace B. clearly state the patient's medical problem C. be updated a minimum of every 6 months D. be dated within the previous 24 months

clearly state the patient's medical problem

Health care providers who infrequently work together can function effectively as a team if they work in an environment that supports and promotes: A. rigid protocols B. competition C. discipline D. collaboration

collaboration

For patient handoff, it is important for EMTs and hospital staff to use: A. common language B. metric-sized tools C. shared training D. common goals

common language

All information recorded on the PCR must be: A. typewritten or printed B. reflective of your opinion C. a matter of public record D. considered confidential

considered confidential

Ethnocentrism is defined as: A. understanding that people from different cultural backgrounds respond to pain and stress differently B. considering your own cultural values as more important when interacting with people of a different culture C. suspecting that a person has an ulterior motive based on the tone of his or her voice when answering a question D. subconsciously forcing your cultural values onto a patient because you believe that your own values are more acceptable

considering your own cultural values as more important when interacting with people of a different culture

The patient care report (PCR) ensures: A. legal protection B. availability of research data C. Continuity of care D. quality assurance

continuity of care

Which comes first in EMS decision making? A. planning B. team communication C. data interpretation D. data gathering

data gathering

Putrefaction is defined as: A. blood settling to the lowest point of the body B. decomposition of the body's tissue C. profound cyanosis to the trunk and face D. seperation of the torso from the rest of the body

decompositon of the body's tissue

The effectiveness of pit crew is dependent on: A. a team leader who is capable of performing all of the patient care tasks B. defining clear roles and responsibilities before the call is received C. protocols that allow the EMT to function without medical control D. rapidly assessing the patient before assigning roles and responsibilities

defining clear roles and responsibilities before the call is received

You arrive at the scene of an apparent death. When evaluating the patient, which of the following is a definitive sign of death? A. absent breath sounds B. profound cyanosis C. dependent lividity D. abscense of a pulse

dependent lividity

When communicating with a visually impaired patient, you should: A. determine the degree of the patient's impairment B. recall that most visually impaired patients are blind C. expect the patient to have difficulty understanding D. possess an in-depth knowloedge of sign language

determine the degree of the patient's impairment

Which of the following MOST accurately defines negligence? A. providing care that is consistent with care provided by other EMTs B. transferring patient care to a provider with a lower level of training C. transport of a mentally incompetent patient against his or her will D. Deviation from the standard of care that might result in further injury

deviation from the standard of care that might result in further injury

An EMT would most likely be held liable for abandonment if he or she: A. remained at the hospital for 30 minutes to give a patient report B. refused to care for a violent patient who is armed with a knife C. terminated care of a competent adult patient at his or her request D. did not make provisions for continued care of an injured patient

did not make provisions for continued care of an injured patient

During the alert and dispatch phase of EMS communications, the dispatcher's responsibilities include all of the following, except: A. screening and assigning a priority to each call based on local protocols B. coordinating responding EMS units with other public safety personnel C. selecting and notifying the correct EMS response units and personnel D. discouraging the caller for providing care until the EMS unit arrives

discouraging the caller from providing care until the EMS unit arrives

If a problem with a team member is not directly or immediately impacting patient care, the team leader should: A. discuss the problem after the call B. contact the medical director at once C. ignore the problem to avoid conflict D. engage the team member at once

discuss the problem after the call

When working as an independent health care group member, the EMT should expect that he or she: A. will be specifically instructed on how to perform a specific task B. does not have to wait for an assignment before performing a task C. will receive no support or guidance from an EMS supervisor D. will rely on the group leader fro making virtually all decisions

does not have to wait for an assignment before performing a task

Communicating with hearing-impaired can be facilitated by doing all of the following, except: A. placing yourself in a positon to ensure that the patient can see your lips B. shining a light on your face when you are in a darkened environment C. elevating the tone of your voice and exaggerating word pronunciation D. providing pen and paper if the patient prefers to write his or her response

elevating the tone of your voice and exaggerating word pronuciation

The EMT certification exam is designed to: A: ensure that EMTs are competent and have the same knowledge and skills B: rank EMTs based on performance on the certification exam C: identify those EMTs who are prepared for advanced levels of training D: provide EMTs with the best possible wage once certification is achieved

ensure that EMTs are competent and have the same level of knowledge and skills

The most important consideration at the scene of a hazardous materials incident is: A. evacuating the bystanders B. identifying the hazardous materials C. ensuring your personal safety D. calling the hazardous materials team

ensuring your personal safety

In an interdependent group, when one person fails: A. everyone fails B. that person is fired C. management will be changed D. pay is withheld

everyone fails

To be a great EMT, strive for: A. management work B. foundational knowledge C. retraining D. the chance to replace an EMR

foundational knowledge

Vaccination against the hepatitis A virus is unecessary if you: A. are older than 35 years of age B. recieved a hepatitis B vaccination C. have been infected with hepatitis A in the past D. have a weak immune system

have been infected with hepatitis A in the past

Which of the following types of consent allows treatment of a patient who is unconscious or mentally incapacitated? A. informed B. implied C. expressed D. actual

implied

In the eyes of the courts, an incomplete or untidy patient care form indicates: A. the EMT was too busy providing patient care to fill out the form B. thorough documentation was not required C. inadequate patient care was administered D. potential falsification of the patient care form

inadequate patient care was administered

Characteristics of eustress following dispatch to a high-speed motor vehicle collison may include: A. Increased self-image from performing well under a challenging situation B. long-term feelings of being overwhelmed by the nature of the call C. short term loss of energy due to the high physocal demands of the job D. the inability to remain focused, because the task at hand is demanding

increased self-image from performing well under a challenging situation

Obtaining continuing medical education is the responsiblity of the: A. individual EMT B. State Bureau of EMS C. EMS medical director D. EMS training officer

individual EMT

EMTs and other health care providers function as a true team when they work: A. independently B. dependently C. interdependently D. under standing orders

interdependently

In many states, a minor may be treated as an adult for the purpose of consenting to or refusing medical treatment if the minor: A. is mentally competent and able to refuse B. possesses a valid driver's license C. is self-supporting and lives by him-or herself D. has a poor relationship with his or her parents

is self-supporting and lives by him- or herself

Two EMT's witnessed a call in which a coworker gave adequate medical care but ignored the patient's emotional needs. The coworker was deliberately rude solely because the patient was thought to be infected with the human immunodeficiency virus(HIV). The EMT's ignored the coworker's treatment of this patient and took no steps to prevent this behavior from happening again. This lack of action on the part of the two EMT's is considered: A. legal but unethical B. illegal but ethical C. illegal but unethical D. legal and ethical

legal but unethical

Continuing education in EMS serves to: A. enforce mandatory attendance at agency-specific training. B. Provide an ongoing review and audit of the EMS system. C. maintain, update, and expand the EMT's knowledge and skills. D. Confirm research and statistical findings in prehospital care

maintain, update, and expand the EMT's knowledge and skills

Calming and reassuring an anxious patient can be facilitated by: A. using medical terminology to ensure the patient understands B. withholding unpleasant informaiton until arrival at the hospital C. positioning yourself at a level that is higher than the patient D. maintaining eye contact with the patient whenever possible

maintaining eye contact with the patient whenever possible

The EMT's scope of practice within his or her local response area is defined by the: A. EMS supervisor B. medical director C. state EMS office D. local health district

medical director

Maintaining the chain of evidence at the scene of a crime should include: A. quickly moving any weapons out of the patient's sight B. placing the patient in a private area until the police arrive C. not cutting through holes in clothing that were caused by weapons D. making brief notes at the scene and then completing them later

not cutting through holes in clothing that were caused by weapons

When providing a patient report via radio, you should protect the patient's privacy by: A. refraining from objective statements B. not disclosing his or her name C. withholding medical history data D. using coded medical language

not disclosing his or her name

Prescription glasses do not provide adequate eye protection because they: A. do not have shatterproof lenses B. are not secured with a strap C. offer little to no protection D. have large, rounded lenses

offer little to no protection

Which step in EMS decision making comes after a patient has been transferred? A. data gathering B. planning C. team communication D. outcome evaluation

outcome evaluation

Which of the following would the EMT MOST likely be asked to do when assisting a paramedic with endotracheal intubation? A. preoxygenation with a BVM B. placement of the endotracheal tube C. suction under direct laryngoscopy D. visualization of the vocal cords

preoxygenation with a BVM

Which aspect of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA) MOST affects EMS personnel? A. ensuring access to insurance B. preventing insurance fraud C. controlling insurance costs D. protecting patient privacy

protecting patient privacy

a ___ receives messages and signals on one frequency and then automatically retransmits them on a second frequency A. duplex B. decoder C. repeater D. scanner

repeater

You have been working at the scene of a major building collapse for 8 hours. Many injured people are still being removed, and everyone is becoming frustrated and losing focus. This situation is MOST effectively managed by: A. conducting a critical incident stress debriefing the next day B. allowing each worker to sleep in 15-30 minute increments C. requesting a CISM team to provide on-scene peer support D. providing large amounts of caffeine to the rescue workers

requesting a CISM team to provide on-scene peer support

Quid pro quo, a type of sexual harassment, occurs when the harasser: A. touches another person without his or her consent B. stares at certain parts of another person's anatomy C. requests sexual favors in exchange for something else D. makes rude remarks about a person's body parts

requests sexual favors in exchange for something else

The capacity of an individual to cope with and recover from stress is called: A. wellness B. eustress C. resilience D. distress

resilience

As you are wheeling your patient through the emergency department doors, you receive another call for a major vehicle crash. You should: A. inform the admissions clerk of the situation and then respond at once B. respond only after giving a verbal patient report to a nurse and physician C. leave a copy of the run form with a nurse and then respond to the call D. place the patient in a high-visibility area and then respond to the call

respond only after giving a verbal patient report to a nurse or physician

Which type of communications equipment functions as a radio receiver and searches across several frequencies? A. simplex station B. scanner C. mobile repeater D. duplex station

scanner

Two-way communcation that requires the EMT to "push to talk" and "release to listen" describes which mode of communication? A. simplex B. multiplex C. complex D. duplex

simplex

You could be sued for ___ if your radio report to the hospital describes the patient in a manner that injures his or her reputation. A. slander B. assault C. negligence D. libel

slander

When the EMT assists a paramedic with an advanced intervention, he or shes should recall that the focus of the intervention is on: A. learning to perform the skill B. following local protocol C. completing the procedure D. solving a clincal problem

solving a clinical problem

the manner in which the EMT must act or behave when caring for a patient is called the: A. EMT oath B. code of ethics C. scope of practice D. standard of care

standard of care

Which of the following statements regarding communication with a child is correct? A. unlike adults, children cannot see through lies or deceptions B. The EMT should give the child minimal information to avoid scaring him or her C. standing over a child often increases his or her level of anxiety D. most children are intrigued by strangers wearing uniforms

standing over a child often increases his or her level of anxiety

The most serious consequence of drug or alcohol abuse among EMS personnel is: A. punitive action and the loss of a job B. low morale and frequently missed shifts C. tension among coworkers and supervisors D. substandard or innapropriate patient care

substandard or inappropriate patient care

Which of the following statements regarding Good samaritan laws is correct? A. such laws will not protect the EMT in cases of gross negligence B. such laws provide the EMT with absolute immunity from a lawsuit C. such laws do not protect EMTs who are off duty D. such laws guarantee that the EMT will not be held liable if he or she is sued

such laws will not protect the EMT in cases of gross negligence

While caring for a patient, the EMT states to her partner, "Why even splint the patient's lef if they're only going to remove it in the ED?" This statement indicates that: A. the EMT does not trust the hospital staff B. the EMT is being realistic in her thinking C. the patient's leg does not require splintting D. the EMT's focus is not on the common goal

the EMT's focus is not on the common goal

The concept of consistent care across the entire health care team from first patient contact to patient discharge is called: A. the standard of care B. the scope of practice C. patient care advocacy D. the continuum of care

the continuum of care

EMTs arrive at the scene of an ill person. The EMR, who arrived before the EMTs, advises that the patient had a syncopal episode. The patient is conscious and alert and remains so throughout transport. When transferring patient care to the emergency department nurse, the EMT should advise the nurse that: A. she should contact the EMR about the incident B. the EMR was probably mistaken about the episode C. there is no evidence to support the syncopal episode D. the patient had a reported syncopal episode

the patient had a reported syncopal episode

Which of the following would MOST likely facilitate an accurate and effective verbal handoff report at the hospital? A. providing the handoff report only to a physician B. use of a mutually agreed-upon handoff format C. brief pause in care to provide the verbal report D. clearly identifying your EMS certification level

use of a mutually agreed-upon handoff format

The simplest, yet most effective method of preventing the spread of an infectious disease is to: A. ensure your immunizations are up-to-date B. undergo an annual physical examination C. wash your hands in between patient contacts D. undergo annual testing for tuberculosis and hepatitis

wash your hands in between patient contacts

The most effective way to preserve your own body heat when functioning in cold, wet weather is to: A, avoid outer clothing with zippers B. wear socks made of heavy-duty cotton C. wear a heavy, thick jacket or coat D. wear at least three layers of clothing

wear at least three layers of clothing

In contrast to a health care group, a health care team: A. works interdependently B. is not assigned specific roles C. works independently D. does not function under protocols

works interdependently

A positive TB skin test indiciates that: A. you have been exposed to TB B. you have never been exposed to TB C. the TB disease is currently dormant but might later become active D. you are actively infected with TB

you have been exposed to TB

In an independent group, you would have: A. shared transportation B. your own work area C. parallel work D. a common set of tasks

your own work area

You are carrying for a 52-year-old man who complains of chest discomfort. The patient is a retired paramedic and is very anxious because he thinks he is having a heart attack. Which of the following statements would be appropriate? A. "This is nothing to worry about. Please try to stay calm. The physician at the hospital will probably not find any signs of a heart problem." B. "We need to take you to the ED stat. We will give you ASA and NTG en route and then reassess your vitals. Do you have any questions?" C. "I notice that you are a retired paramedic, so I'm sure you will understand all of the things that we will be doing to you." D. "If its possible that you are experiencing a heart attack. I am going to give you four baby aspirin to chew and swallow"

"If its possible that you are experiencing a heart attack. I am going to give you four baby aspirin to chew and swallow"

A critical incident stress debriefing should be conducted no longer than ___ hours following the incident. A. 6 B. 12 C. 72 D. 24

72

Which of the following scenarios involves the administration of ALS? A. A 61-year-old patient who is receiving humidified supplemental oxygen B. A 64-year-old patient who is given asprin for suspected cardiac chest pain C. A 48-year-old patient whose airway is secured with a supraglottic device D. A 53-year-old patient who is assisted with his prescribed nitroglycerin

A 48-year-old patient whose airway is secured with a supraglottic device