EMT section 2 Test VU
When suctioning the airway, you should try to limit suctioning to no longer than ________ seconds at a time.
10
When inserting an oropharyngeal airway, how many degrees do you need to rotate the airway so the tip is pointing down into the patient's pharynx?
180
Which of the following patients should not have their airway opened using a head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver?
A homeless person of undetermined age found lying unresponsive in an alley with no bystanders.
Why does a patient involved in an auto crash who has major internal abdominal bleeding require oxygen to maintain internal respiration?
A lack of circulating volume decreases the oxygen and carbon dioxide transport capability of the blood
Which of the following statements best describes the exchange of gas in the alveoli?
Air moves into the alveoli, blood is transported by the pulmonary capillaries, and diffusion occurs.
On which of the following types of calls should you bring your portable suction unit to the patient's side upon arrival on the scene?
All of the above
You have arrived at the scene of a call for a "man down." As you enter the residence you note that your patient is a male in his mid-60s who is awake but does not seem to acknowledge your presence. He is perspiring profusely, has cyanosis of his ears and lips, and has rapid, shallow respirations. Which of the following should you do first?
Assist ventilations with a bag-valve mask and supplemental oxygen.
Which of the following patients does not require the administration of supplemental oxygen?
A 24-year-old woman who is breathing 28 times per minute after being in an argument with her husband
The normal urge to breathe is stimulated by chemoreceptors that measure changing levels of what two gases?
Carbon dioxide and oxygen
What are the signs of hypoxia?
Cyanosis (blue or gray skin) and deterioration of the patient's mental status
What signs and symptoms would indicate inadequate breathing in a patient?
Increased effort to breathe, cyanosis, clammy skin, altered mental status
Which of the following is the correct method of suctioning?
Insert the catheter or tip to the desired depth prior to applying suction.
When assessing a patient's breathing, what is your first question?
Is he breathing?
You and your EMT partner are preparing to ventilate an elderly non-trauma patient who has a stoma. Your partner performs the head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver and you ask him to return the patient's head to a neutral position. "Why? This is not a pediatric patient!" your partner protests. What would you say?
It is not necessary to position the airway of a stoma breather when providing ventilations.
Which of the following is an advantage of using a nasopharyngeal airway (NPA)?
It may be tolerated by many patients with a gag reflex.
Why is inhalation described as an active process?
It requires chest muscles to contract and use energy to move, creating a negative pressure.
What is the danger that an altered mental status can pose to a patient's breathing?
Loss of muscle tone and airway collapse
Which of the following is a sign of an inadequate airway?
Nasal flaring
Which of the following is the best device to deliver high-concentration oxygen to a breathing patient?
Nonrebreather mask
What device is used to perform mouth-to-mask ventilation?
Pocket face mask
What is the sound of the soft tissue of the upper airway creating impedance or partial obstruction to the flow of air?
Snoring
Which of the following is true concerning the procedure for inserting a nasopharyngeal airway (NPA)?
The bevel should be turned toward the nasal septum or the base of the nostril.
Which of the following best describes inadequate breathing?
The minute volume is less than normal.
Which of the following should be kept in mind when assessing and managing the airway of a pediatric patient?
The trachea is easily obstructed by swelling.
Which of the following is a disadvantage of oropharyngeal airways (OPAs)?
They cannot be used in a patient with a gag reflex.
What two measurements are multiplied to calculate the minute volume?
Tidal volume and respiratory rate
You are transporting a 44-year-old female with chest pain and sudden respiratory distress. She is agitated, anxious, and refuses to have a nonrebreather mask applied. Which of the following is the best option?
Use a nasal cannula instead.
Your patient is a motorcyclist who was ejected after striking a guard rail. The patient is unresponsive to painful stimuli and is breathing shallowly six to eight times per minute. Which of the following should you do first?
Use a bag-valve mask with supplemental oxygen.
You are ventilating a cardiac arrest patient when he begins to vomit copious amounts of large pieces of undigested food. Which of the following would be most effective in clearing the airway?
Using large bore suction tubing without a tip or catheter attached
A 21-year-old patient presents with labored breathing and audible wheezes, heart rate of 124, respiration 36; he has significantly altered mentation. What is the treatment for this patient?
Ventilate with a bag-valve mask with high oxygen or FROPVD.
When does respiratory distress change to respiratory failure?
When continuation of a respiratory challenge results in the systems being unable to keep up with the demand, and the skin color and mental status change.
Your patient is a 55-year-old man with a history of chronic bronchitis. You have been called to his home today because of an increase in his level of respiratory distress. The patient is on 2 liters per minute of oxygen by nasal cannula at home. Your assessment reveals difficulty speaking due to shortness of breath, leaning forward to breathe, a productive cough, and a respiratory rate of 32 per minute. Which of the following is true concerning the best course of action for this patient?
You should increase the patient's oxygen flow rate to deliver adequate amounts of oxygen to his tissues. If his respiratory rate decreases, you can assist him with a bag-valve-mask device.
Your patient is a 65-year-old male with a history of COPD. He is sitting up and complaining of a severe shortness of breath. You should:
apply a nonrebreather mask giving 15 lpm of oxygen.
Which of the following structures is found in the lower airway?
bronchi
The trachea branches at the ________ and forms two mainstem bronchi.
carina
A 16-year-old patient presents with labored breathing and increased respiratory rate, increased heart rate, and leaning forward with his hands on his knees. His skin is a normal color and his pulse oximetry is 96. This patient is suffering fromrespiratory:
distress.
You have performed a head tilt-chin lift maneuver on a 17-month-old boy and are attempting to ventilate him with a bag-valve mask. You are experiencing a lot of resistance with each breath and the chest is barely rising. Prior to attempting ventilations again, you should:
ease the head forward a little.
For life to be maintained, a balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide is needed. The condition when oxygen levels are low is called:
hypoxia.
The movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide across the cell membranes from the capillaries is called:
internal respiration
You are ventilating an 85-year-old male without difficulty. A nurse tells you that the patient has dentures. To ensure a good mask seal, you should:
leave the dentures in place.
The jaw-thrust maneuver is the only ________ airway procedure for an unconscious patient with possible head, neck, or spine injury or an unknown mechanism of injury.
recommended
You are aggressively ventilating an adult patient with a bag-valve mask when you notice that his previously strong pulse is getting weaker. You should:
reduce the volume of the ventilations.
Your patient is breathing 4 shallow breaths per minute due to overdosing on his pain medication but he has a palpable radial pulse. He vomited prior to your arrival and is choking. You should:
roll him onto his side to clear the airway.
Perhaps the simplest way to determine if a patient has a patent airway is to:
say "hello."
The high-pitched sound caused by an upper airway obstruction is known as:
stridor.
All of the following can result in airway obstructions except:
the tongue.
The process of air moving in and out of the chest is called:
ventilation.
What is not one of the basic parts of a bag-valve-mask system?
15/25 respiratory fitting
To be effective, a suction unit must be able to generate air flow of at least ________ liters per minute and create a vacuum of no less than ________ mmHg.
30; 300
What is the percentage of oxygen provided by connecting a high flow of oxygen to the oxygen inlet found on a pocket mask?
50%
